Typhus history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} ; {{AE}}{{ADG}} | {{CMG}} ; {{AE}}{{ADG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Signs and symptoms of typhus fever usually appear abruptly, 8–16 days following exposure to infected lice. Illness can vary from mild to severe, and even life-threatening. Symptoms of acute infection are generally non-specific and include [[Fever|feve]]<nowiki/>r and chills, [[headache]], [[rapid breathing]], [[myalgia]], [[rash]], [[cough]], [[Nausea and vomiting|nausea]], vomiting and [[altered mental status]].<ref name="urlEpidemic Typhus">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/typhus/epidemic/index.html |title=Epidemic Typhus |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlMurine Typhus">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/typhus/murine/index.html |title=Murine Typhus |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlScrub Typhus">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/typhus/scrub/index.html |title=Scrub Typhus |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
== History== | == History== | ||
| Line 9: | Line 10: | ||
*History of tick bite | *History of tick bite | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Type of Typhus fever | |||
!Symptoms | |||
|- | |||
|Scrub typhus | |||
| | |||
* [[Fever]] and chills | |||
* [[Headache]] | |||
* [[Myalgia]] | |||
* [[Eschar]] | |||
* [[Altered mental status]], ranging from [[confusion]] to [[coma]] or [[delirium]] | |||
* [[Lymphadenopathy]] | |||
* [[Rash]] | |||
|- | |||
|Murine typhus | |||
| | |||
* [[Myalgia]] | |||
* [[Anorexia]] | |||
* [[Nausea and vomiting|Nausea]] | |||
* Vomiting | |||
* [[Abdominal pain]] | * [[Abdominal pain]] | ||
* | * Cough | ||
* | * Altered mental status | ||
|- | |||
|Epidemic typhus | |||
* | | | ||
* [[Fever|Fever and chills]] | |||
* [[Headache]] | * [[Headache]] | ||
* | * [[Rapid breathing]] | ||
* [[Nausea]] | * [[Myalgia]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Rash]] | ||
* [[Cough]] | |||
* [[Nausea and vomiting|Nausea]] | |||
* Vomiting | |||
* [[Altered mental status]] | |||
|} | |||
===Rash=== | ===Rash=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Scrub typhus | |Scrub typhus | ||
|About 25–50% of scrub typhus patients develop a rash. The rash is usually macular or maculopapular. Typically, it will begin on the abdomen of an infected individual and then spread to the extremities. Petechiae are uncommon | |About 25–50% of scrub typhus patients develop a rash. The rash is usually [[macular]] or [[maculopapular]]. Typically, it will begin on the [[abdomen]] of an infected individual and then spread to the extremities. [[Petechiae]] are uncommon | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Murine Typhus | |Murine Typhus | ||
|The rash typically occurs at the end of the first week of the illness and lasts 1–4 days. It generally starts as a maculopapular eruption on the trunk and spreads peripherally, sparing the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Rash may vary among individuals, or may be absent altogether and should not be relied upon for diagnosis. | |The rash typically occurs at the end of the first week of the illness and lasts 1–4 days. It generally starts as a [[maculopapular]] eruption on the trunk and spreads peripherally, sparing the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Rash may vary among individuals, or may be absent altogether and should not be relied upon for diagnosis. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Epidemic Typhus | |Epidemic Typhus | ||
|The rash usually begins a couple of days after the onset of symptoms. It typically begins as a maculopapular eruption on the trunk of the body and spreads to the extremities, usually sparing the palms of hands and soles of feet. When the disease is severe, petechiae may develop. The rash may be variable among individuals and stage of infection, or may be absent altogether and should not be relied upon for diagnosis | |The rash usually begins a couple of days after the onset of symptoms. It typically begins as a [[maculopapular]] eruption on the trunk of the body and spreads to the extremities, usually sparing the palms of hands and soles of feet. When the disease is severe, [[petechiae]] may develop. The [[rash]] may be variable among individuals and stage of infection, or may be absent altogether and should not be relied upon for diagnosis | ||
|} | |} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
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[[Category:Biological weapons]] | [[Category:Biological weapons]] | ||
[[Category:Rickettsiales]] | [[Category:Rickettsiales]] | ||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 00:32, 30 July 2020
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Diagnosis |
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Typhus history and symptoms On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Typhus history and symptoms |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Typhus history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Signs and symptoms of typhus fever usually appear abruptly, 8–16 days following exposure to infected lice. Illness can vary from mild to severe, and even life-threatening. Symptoms of acute infection are generally non-specific and include fever and chills, headache, rapid breathing, myalgia, rash, cough, nausea, vomiting and altered mental status.[1][2][3]
History
The significant information that needs to focused in the history of the patient includes
- History of travel to endemic areas
- History of tick bite
Symptoms
| Type of Typhus fever | Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Scrub typhus |
|
| Murine typhus |
|
| Epidemic typhus |
Rash
| Typhus fever | Rash |
|---|---|
| Scrub typhus | About 25–50% of scrub typhus patients develop a rash. The rash is usually macular or maculopapular. Typically, it will begin on the abdomen of an infected individual and then spread to the extremities. Petechiae are uncommon |
| Murine Typhus | The rash typically occurs at the end of the first week of the illness and lasts 1–4 days. It generally starts as a maculopapular eruption on the trunk and spreads peripherally, sparing the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Rash may vary among individuals, or may be absent altogether and should not be relied upon for diagnosis. |
| Epidemic Typhus | The rash usually begins a couple of days after the onset of symptoms. It typically begins as a maculopapular eruption on the trunk of the body and spreads to the extremities, usually sparing the palms of hands and soles of feet. When the disease is severe, petechiae may develop. The rash may be variable among individuals and stage of infection, or may be absent altogether and should not be relied upon for diagnosis |