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==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
Acute upper respiratory tract infections includes rhinosinusitis ([[Common_Cold|common cold]]), [[sinusitis]], [[pharyngitis]]/[[tonsillitis]], [[laryngitis]] and sometimes [[bronchitis]]. Symptoms of URI's commonly include congestion, [[cough]], running nose, [[sore throat]], [[fever]], facial pressure and [[sneezing]]. Onset of the symptoms usually begins after 1-3 days after exposure to a microbial pathogen, most commonly a virus. The duration of the symptoms is typically 7 to 10 days but may persist longer.  
Acute upper respiratory tract infections include rhinosinusitis ([[Common_Cold|common cold]]), [[sinusitis]], [[pharyngitis]]/[[tonsillitis]], [[laryngitis]] and sometimes [[bronchitis]]. Symptoms of URI's commonly include congestion, [[cough]], runny nose, [[sore throat]], [[fever]], facial pressure and [[sneezing]]. Onset of the symptoms usually begins after 1-3 days after exposure to a microbial pathogen, most commonly a virus. The duration of the symptoms is typically 7 to 10 days but may persist longer.  


It is important to mention that up to 15% of acute pharyngitis cases may be caused by bacteria, commonly Group A Strep ("[[Strep Throat]]"). Generally, patients with "Strep Throat" start with a sore throat as their first symptom and usually do not have runny nose or cough or sneezing.  
It is important to mention that up to 15% of acute pharyngitis cases may be caused by bacteria, commonly Group A Strep ("[[Strep Throat]]"). Generally, patients with "Strep Throat" start with a sore throat as their first symptom and usually do not have a runny nose, cough, or sneezing.  


Pain and pressure of the ear caused by a middle ear infection ([[Otitis media]]) and the reddening of they eye caused by Viral [[Conjunctivitis]] are often associated with upper respiratory infections.
Pain and pressure of the ear caused by a middle ear infection ([[otitis media]]) and the reddening of the eye caused by viral [[conjunctivitis]] are often associated with upper respiratory infections.


[[Influenza]] (the flu) is a more systemic illness, which can also involve the upper respiratory tract, should be recognized as distinct from other causes of URI.
[[Influenza]] (the flu) is a more systemic illness, which can also involve the upper respiratory tract, should be recognized as distinct from other causes of URI.
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*Itchy, watery eyes
*Itchy, watery eyes
*Nasal discharge
*Nasal discharge
*Nasal congestion
*[[Nasal congestion]]
*Sneezing
*[[Sneezing]]
*Sore throat
*[[Sore throat]]
*Cough
*[[Cough]]
*Headache
*[[Headache]]
*Fever
*[[Fever]]
*Malaise
*[[Malaise]]
*Fatigue, weakness
*Fatigue, weakness
*Muscle pain
*[[Muscle pain]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}


[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
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Latest revision as of 00:34, 30 July 2020

Upper respiratory tract infection Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

History and Symptoms

Acute upper respiratory tract infections include rhinosinusitis (common cold), sinusitis, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, laryngitis and sometimes bronchitis. Symptoms of URI's commonly include congestion, cough, runny nose, sore throat, fever, facial pressure and sneezing. Onset of the symptoms usually begins after 1-3 days after exposure to a microbial pathogen, most commonly a virus. The duration of the symptoms is typically 7 to 10 days but may persist longer.

It is important to mention that up to 15% of acute pharyngitis cases may be caused by bacteria, commonly Group A Strep ("Strep Throat"). Generally, patients with "Strep Throat" start with a sore throat as their first symptom and usually do not have a runny nose, cough, or sneezing.

Pain and pressure of the ear caused by a middle ear infection (otitis media) and the reddening of the eye caused by viral conjunctivitis are often associated with upper respiratory infections.

Influenza (the flu) is a more systemic illness, which can also involve the upper respiratory tract, should be recognized as distinct from other causes of URI.

References

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