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{{Infobox_Disease |
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'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
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  ICD9          = |
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  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
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{{Search infobox}}
{{CMG}}


==Overview==
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} [[User: Prashanthsaddala|Prashanth Saddala M.B.B.S]]
{{Weight gain}}


'''Weight gain''' is an increase in [[body weight]]. It is generally caused by the intake of excess calories, little exercise, or may be caused by a medical condition. One exception is [[bodybuilding]], in which muscle is gained by workout routines. With a large differential diagnosis, weight gain is a prevalent complaint among adult patients.
==[[Weight gain overview|Overview]]==


It may be intentional or unintentional, sometimes for muscle building, or for health reasons, i.e. increasing body fat percentage to a healthy amount. Intentional reasons may include gaining weight to get to a healthy weight, bodybuilding, and recovery for eating disorders like Anorexia Nervousa.
==[[Weight gain pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


See also [[obesity]] for a full discussion.
==[[Weight gain causes|Causes]]==


== Symptoms ==
==[[Weight gain risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
* A noticibly larger, rounder [[stomach]].
* Increase in [[body fat percentage]].
* Increase in muscle mass.
* Increase in body hydration levels.


==Causes==
==Diagnosis==
===Common Causes===
[[Weight gain history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Weight gain physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Weight gain laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Weight gain other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


===Causes by Organ System===
==Treatment==
(By organ system)
[[Weight gain medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Weight gain surgery|Surgery]] | [[Weight gain primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Weight gain secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Weight gain cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Weight gain future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Alstrom syndrome]], [[Heart failure ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypertrichosis brachydactyly obesity and mental retardation]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[4-Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone]], [[Aldesleukin ]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Amisulpride]], [[Amitriptyline]], [[Anastrozole ]], [[Aripiprazole ]], [[Asenapine]], [[Atenolol]], [[Azelastine]], [[Bisoprolol ]], [[Bosentan ]], [[Carteolol ]], [[Carvedilol ]], [[Chlorpropamide]], [[Chlorprothixene]], [[Ciprofloxacin]], [[Clomiphene ]], [[Clomipramine]], [[Clozapine]], [[Combined oral contraceptive pill]], [[Cyclosporine ]], [[Cyproheptadine]], [[Cyproterone]], [[Danazol]], [[Desonide]], [[Desoximetasone ]], [[Dexamethasone]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Dienogest]], [[Diflunisal ]], [[Disopyramide]], [[Docetaxel ]], [[Doxazosin ]], [[Doxepin]], [[Escitalopram]], [[Estrogen Injection]], [[Ethinylestradiol]], [[Etodolac ]], [[Fenoprofen ]], [[Fentanyl]], [[Fludrocortisone acetate ]], [[Gabapentin]], [[Gestrinone]], [[Glatiramer]], [[Glucocorticoid]], [[Goserelin]], [[Haloperidol]], [[Hormone replacement therapy]], [[Hydralazine  ]], [[Hydrochlorothiazide]], [[Hydrocortisone]], [[Iloperidone]], [[Imatinib]], [[Imipramine]], [[Implanon]], [[Indomethacin]], [[Insulin]], [[Interferon beta-1a ]], [[Interferon beta-1b ]], [[Itraconazole]], [[Ketorolac]], [[Ketotifen]], [[Labetalol]], [[Levobunolol]], [[Levomepromazine]], [[Lithium ]], [[Lofepramine]], [[Maprotiline]], [[Meclofenamate]], [[Medroxyprogesterone]], [[Mefenamic acid]], [[Megestrol ]], [[Meglitinide]], [[Mesoridazine]], [[Methylprednisolone]], [[Metoprolol]], [[Mianserin]], [[Minoxidil]], [[Misoprostol]], [[Nabumetone]], [[Nadolol]], [[Nialamide]], [[Norplant]], [[NuvaRing]], [[Olanzapine]], [[Oprelvekin]], [[Oxandrolone]], [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Oxymetholone]], [[Paliperidone]], [[Paroxetine]], [[Perphenazine]], [[Phenelzine]], [[Phenothiazine]], [[Pindolol]], [[Pioglitazone]], [[Piroxicam]], [[Pizotifen]], [[Prednisolone]], [[Pregabalin]], [[Progesterone]], [[Propranolol]], [[Quetiapine]], [[Ractopamine]], [[Reserpine]], [[Risperidone]], [[Rituximab]], [[Rofecoxib]], [[Rosiglitazone]], [[Salsalate]], [[Sargramostim]], [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]], [[Sertindol, ]], [[Sertraline]], [[Sirolimus ]], [[St John's wort]], [[Steroid medications]], [[Sulfonylureas]], [[Sulindac]], [[Sunitinib ]], [[Temozolomide ]], [[Terazosin]], [[Thiazolidinedione]], [[Thioridazine ]], [[Thiothixene]], [[Timolol]], [[Trazodone]], [[Trestolone]], [[Tretinoin]], [[Triamcinolone oral]], [[Tricyclic antidepressants]], [[Trifluoperazine]], [[Trifluperidol]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Venlafaxine]], [[Vigabatrin]], [[Ziprasidone]], [[Zotepine]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
==Case Studies==
 
[[Weight gain case study one|Case #1]]
Causes include; <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>
{{WH}}
 
{{WS}}
'''Acute or chronic [[Liver Disease]]'''
 
*Decreased hepatic protein production causes a decrease in intravascular oncotic pressure
*Leads to edema, ascites etc.
'''[[Congestive Heart Failure]]'''<br>
'''[[Cushing's Syndrome]]'''<br>
*Cortisol levels may be elevated due to
:*Adrenocorticotropic hormones secreting adrenal adenoma
:*Adrenal hyperplasia
:*Adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting ectopic tumor
'''[[Diabetes Mellitus]]'''<br>
'''Hyperplasia'''<br>
*Due to [[Hyperthyroidism]]
'''Hypothalamic lesions'''<br>
'''Growth hormone deficiency'''<br>
'''Medication side effects'''<br>
*Oral contraceptives
*Corticosteroids
*Antidepressants
'''Premenstrual syndrome'''<br>
'''Pregnancy'''<br>
'''Pre-eclampsia/[[Eclampsia]]'''<br>
'''[[Polycystic Ovary Syndrome]]'''<br>
*Hirsutism
*Irregular menstrual cycle
*Insulin resistance
*[[Obesity]]
 
== Laboratory Findings ==
*fasting glucose
*urinealysis
*U&E
*Random cortisol
 
== Primary Prevention ==
*Low calorie diet and excercise
 
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
 
== Acknowledgements ==
The content on this page was first contributed by  {{CMG}}
 
List of contributors:
----
 
== Suggested Reading and Key General References ==
 
== Suggested Links and Web Resources ==
 
== For Patients ==
 
{{SIB}}
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}


[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Obstetrics]]
[[Category:Obstetrics]]

Latest revision as of 00:43, 30 July 2020