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{{CMG}} {{AE}} [[User:Mmiller12|Meagan Miller]]; [[User:Sdawit|Sara Dawit]]; [[User:Ascheuffele|Anna Scheuffele]]; [[User:Travis Haneke|Travis Haneke]]; [[User:Amanda Just|Amanda Just]]; [[User:Eball |Evan Ball]] | {{CMG}} {{AE}} [[User:Mmiller12|Meagan Miller]]; [[User:Sdawit|Sara Dawit]]; [[User:Ascheuffele|Anna Scheuffele]]; [[User:Travis Haneke|Travis Haneke]]; [[User:Amanda Just|Amanda Just]]; [[User:Eball |Evan Ball]] | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Patient engagement''', also called '''patient activation''' or '''patient participation''', is defined as "patient involvement in the decision-making process in matters pertaining to health."<ref name="mesh">Patient | '''Patient engagement''', also called '''patient activation''' or '''patient participation''', is defined as "patient involvement in the decision-making process in matters pertaining to health."<ref name="mesh">{{MeSH}}</ref> | ||
==Benefits== | |||
===Patient activation=== | |||
Patient activation interventions may improve patient outcomes<ref name="pmid28160187">{{cite journal| author=Shortell SM, Poon BY, Ramsay PP, Rodriguez HP, Ivey SL, Huber T | display-authors=etal| title=A Multilevel Analysis of Patient Engagement and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Primary Care Practices of Accountable Care Organizations. | journal=J Gen Intern Med | year= 2017 | volume= 32 | issue= 6 | pages= 640-647 | pmid=28160187 | doi=10.1007/s11606-016-3980-z | pmc=5442008 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28160187 }} </ref> including the care of diabetes.<ref name="pmid24733301">{{cite journal| author=Bolen SD, Chandar A, Falck-Ytter C, Tyler C, Perzynski AT, Gertz AM et al.| title=Effectiveness and safety of patient activation interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes: systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. | journal=J Gen Intern Med | year= 2014 | volume= 29 | issue= 8 | pages= 1166-76 | pmid=24733301 | doi=10.1007/s11606-014-2855-4 | pmc=4099447 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24733301 }} </ref>. | |||
===Error checking=== | |||
Patients may be able to detect errors in documentation<ref name="pmid32515797">{{cite journal| author=Bell SK, Delbanco T, Elmore JG, Fitzgerald PS, Fossa A, Harcourt K | display-authors=etal| title=Frequency and Types of Patient-Reported Errors in Electronic Health Record Ambulatory Care Notes. | journal=JAMA Netw Open | year= 2020 | volume= 3 | issue= 6 | pages= e205867 | pmid=32515797 | doi=10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.5867 | pmc=7284300 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32515797 }} </ref><ref name="pmid27193032">{{cite journal| author=Bell SK, Mejilla R, Anselmo M, Darer JD, Elmore JG, Leveille S | display-authors=etal| title=When doctors share visit notes with patients: a study of patient and doctor perceptions of documentation errors, safety opportunities and the patient-doctor relationship. | journal=BMJ Qual Saf | year= 2017 | volume= 26 | issue= 4 | pages= 262-270 | pmid=27193032 | doi=10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004697 | pmc=7255406 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27193032 }} </ref>. | |||
==Measuring patient engagement== | ==Measuring patient engagement== | ||
Patient activation can be measured with the "Patient Activation Measure".<ref name="pmid22127797">{{cite journal| author=Greene J, Hibbard JH| title=Why does patient activation matter? An examination of the relationships between patient activation and health-related outcomes. | journal=J Gen Intern Med | year= 2012 | volume= 27 | issue= 5 | pages= 520-6 | pmid=22127797 | doi=10.1007/s11606-011-1931-2 | pmc=3326094 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22127797 }} </ref> | Patient activation can be measured with the "Patient Activation Measure".<ref name="pmid22127797">{{cite journal| author=Greene J, Hibbard JH| title=Why does patient activation matter? An examination of the relationships between patient activation and health-related outcomes. | journal=J Gen Intern Med | year= 2012 | volume= 27 | issue= 5 | pages= 520-6 | pmid=22127797 | doi=10.1007/s11606-011-1931-2 | pmc=3326094 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22127797 }} </ref> | ||
Readiness to change can be measured by | Readiness to change can be measured by several methods: | ||
* The Readiness to Change Ruler<ref>[http://www.adultmeducation.com/AssessmentTools_3.html Readiness-to-Change Ruler] Adult Mededucation</ref><ref name="pmid10735346">{{cite journal| author=Zimmerman GL, Olsen CG, Bosworth MF| title=A 'stages of change' approach to helping patients change behavior. | journal=Am Fam Physician | year= 2000 | volume= 61 | issue= 5 | pages= 1409-16 | pmid=10735346 | doi= | pmc= |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000301/1409.html }} </ref> | |||
* Prochaska's Stages of Change from the Transtheoretical Model of Change<ref name="pmid8168470">{{cite journal| author=Prochaska JO, Velicer WF, Rossi JS, Goldstein MG, Marcus BH, Rakowski W et al.| title=Stages of change and decisional balance for 12 problem behaviors. | journal=Health Psychol | year= 1994 | volume= 13 | issue= 1 | pages= 39-46 | pmid=8168470 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8168470 }} </ref>. The subjects answers one of the following about their current beliefs<ref>Fu, T., Mundorf, N., Redding, C. A., Brick, L., Paiva, A., & Prochaska, J. (2016, June). [http://journals.library.oregonstate.edu/index.php/trforum/article/view/4349 Exploring sustainable transportation attitudes and stages of change using survey and geospatial data in New England campus commuters]. In Journal of the Transportation Research Forum (Vol. 55, No. 2).</ref>: | |||
## I do not regularly use __ and I do not intend to start within the next (six) months (Precontemplation) | |||
## I am thinking about using __ regularly within the next (six) months (Contemplation) | |||
## I plan to use __ regularly within the next 30 days (Preparation) | |||
## I use __ regularly and have been for less than six months (Action) | |||
## I use __ regularly and have for six months or more (Maintenance) | |||
* The University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) questionnaire<ref name="pmid2136111">{{cite journal| author=DiClemente CC, Hughes SO| title=Stages of change profiles in outpatient alcoholism treatment. | journal=J Subst Abuse | year= 1990 | volume= 2 | issue= 2 | pages= 217-35 | pmid=2136111 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> based on the [[Transtheoretical Model of Change]]. The URICA is 23 or 32 items and a 12 item "'Readiness to change" version<ref name="pmid1591525">{{cite journal| author=Rollnick S, Heather N, Gold R, Hall W| title=Development of a short 'readiness to change' questionnaire for use in brief, opportunistic interventions among excessive drinkers. | journal=Br J Addict | year= 1992 | volume= 87 | issue= 5 | pages= 743-54 | pmid=1591525 | doi=| pmc= | url= }} </ref> has been developed. The Ruler correlates with the full questionnaire<ref name="pmid15783287">{{cite journal| author=LaBrie JW, Quinlan T, Schiffman JE, Earleywine ME| title=Performance of alcohol and safer sex change rulers compared with readiness to change questionnaires. | journal=Psychol Addict Behav |year= 2005 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 112-5 | pmid=15783287 | doi=10.1037/0893-164X.19.1.112 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15783287 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1591525">{{cite journal| author=Rollnick S, Heather N, Gold R, Hall W| title=Development of a short 'readiness to change' questionnaire for use in brief, opportunistic interventions among excessive drinkers. | journal=Br J Addict |year= 1992 | volume= 87 | issue= 5 | pages= 743-54 | pmid=1591525 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> and predicts behavioral intentions<ref name="pmid15783287">{{cite journal| author=LaBrie JW, Quinlan T, Schiffman JE, Earleywine ME| title=Performance of alcohol and safer sex change rulers compared with readiness to change questionnaires. | journal=Psychol Addict Behav | year= 2005 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 112-5 | pmid=15783287 | doi=10.1037/0893-164X.19.1.112 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15783287 }} </ref>. | |||
* Rollnick's motivational interviewing<ref>Rollnick, S., Heather, N., Gold, R., & Hall, W. (1992). Development of a short ‘readiness to change’questionnaire for use in brief, opportunistic interventions among excessive drinkers. Addiction, 87(5), 743-754. {{doi|10.1111/j.1360-0443.1992.tb02720.x}}</ref> | |||
==How to increase patient engagement / participation== | ==How to increase patient engagement / participation== | ||
Encouraging the patient to participate in decisions may increase engagement and [[patient compliance]].<ref name="pmid17986698">{{cite journal |author=Bodenheimer T|title=A 63-year-old man with multiple cardiovascular risk factors and poor adherence to treatment plans |journal=JAMA |volume=298 |issue=17 |pages=2048–55 |year=2007|pmid=17986698 |doi=10.1001/jama.298.16.jrr70000}}</ref><ref name="pmid22127797">{{cite journal| author=Greene J, Hibbard JH| title=Why does patient activation matter? An examination of the relationships between patient activation and health-related outcomes. | journal=J Gen Intern Med | year= 2012 | volume= 27 | issue= 5 | pages= 520-6 | pmid=22127797 | doi=10.1007/s11606-011-1931-2 | pmc=3326094 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22127797 }} </ref> | A number of strategies have been reviewed<ref name="pmid30045735">{{cite journal| author=Bombard Y, Baker GR, Orlando E, Fancott C, Bhatia P, Casalino S | display-authors=etal| title=Engaging patients to improve quality of care: a systematic review. | journal=Implement Sci | year= 2018 | volume= 13 | issue= 1 | pages= 98 | pmid=30045735 | doi=10.1186/s13012-018-0784-z | pmc=6060529 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30045735 }} </ref> | ||
Using stories to describe medical evidence may help communication.<ref name="pmid17763914">{{cite journal |author=Steiner JF |title=Using stories to disseminate research: the attributes of representative stories |journal=Journal of general internal medicine : official journal of the Society for Research and Education in Primary Care Internal Medicine |volume=22 |issue=11 |pages=1603–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17763914|doi=10.1007/s11606-007-0335-9}}</ref> | |||
===Encouraging patients to contribute to decisions=== | |||
Encouraging the patient to participate in decisions may increase engagement and [[patient compliance]].<ref name="pmid17986698">{{cite journal |author=Bodenheimer T|title=A 63-year-old man with multiple cardiovascular risk factors and poor adherence to treatment plans |journal=JAMA |volume=298 |issue=17 |pages=2048–55 |year=2007|pmid=17986698 |doi=10.1001/jama.298.16.jrr70000}}</ref><ref name="pmid22127797">{{cite journal| author=Greene J, Hibbard JH| title=Why does patient activation matter? An examination of the relationships between patient activation and health-related outcomes. | journal=J Gen Intern Med | year= 2012 | volume= 27 | issue= 5 | pages= 520-6 | pmid=22127797 | doi=10.1007/s11606-011-1931-2 | pmc=3326094 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22127797 }} </ref> | |||
===Consultation room design=== | |||
Designing the room so that patients can watch the [[health care provider]] enter information into the [[electronic health record]] may help<ref name="pmid25816377">{{cite journal| author=Ajiboye F, Dong F, Moore J, Kallail KJ, Baughman A| title=Effects of revised consultation room design on patient-physician communication. | journal=HERD | year= 2015 | volume= 8 | issue= 2 | pages= 8-17 | pmid=25816377 | doi=10.1177/1937586714565604 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25816377 }} </ref><ref name="pmid26769911">{{cite journal| author=Crampton NH, Reis S, Shachak A| title=Computers in the clinical encounter: a scoping review and thematic analysis. | journal=J Am Med Inform Assoc | year= 2016 | volume= 23 | issue= 3 | pages= 654-65 | pmid=26769911 | doi=10.1093/jamia/ocv178 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26769911 }} </ref><ref name="pmid31984318">{{cite journal| author=Asan O, Tyszka J, Crotty B| title=The electronic health record as a patient engagement tool: mirroring clinicians' screen to create a shared mental model. | journal=JAMIA Open | year= 2018 | volume= 1 | issue= 1 | pages= 42-48 | pmid=31984318 | doi=10.1093/jamiaopen/ooy006 | pmc=6952027 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31984318 }} </ref>. | |||
===Patient portals to electronic health records=== | |||
Patient portals may increase patient activation and reporting of errors<ref name="pmid24304001">{{cite journal| author=Walker J, Darer JD, Elmore JG, Delbanco T| title=The road toward fully transparent medical records. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2014 | volume= 370 | issue= 1 | pages= 6-8 | pmid=24304001 | doi=10.1056/NEJMp1310132 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24304001 }} </ref><ref name="pmid30973347">{{cite journal| author=Dendere R, Slade C, Burton-Jones A, Sullivan C, Staib A, Janda M| title=Patient Portals Facilitating Engagement With Inpatient Electronic Medical Records: A Systematic Review. | journal=J Med Internet Res | year= 2019 | volume= 21 | issue= 4 | pages= e12779 | pmid=30973347 | doi=10.2196/12779 | pmc=6482406 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30973347 }} </ref>. | |||
===Release of test results to patients=== | |||
Test results can be released directly to patients, in real time, without accompanying interpretation by [[health care provider]]s<ref name="pmid27337092">{{cite journal| author=Pillemer F, Price RA, Paone S, Martich GD, Albert S, Haidari L | display-authors=etal| title=Direct Release of Test Results to Patients Increases Patient Engagement and Utilization of Care. | journal=PLoS One | year= 2016 | volume= 11 | issue= 6 | pages= e0154743 | pmid=27337092 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0154743 | pmc=4919031 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27337092 }} </ref>. | |||
Real time release of results may increase anxiety in a minority of patients<ref name="pmid32044753">{{cite journal| author=van Kuppenveld SI, van Os-Medendorp H, Tiemessen NA, van Delden JJ| title=Real-Time Access to Electronic Health Record via a Patient Portal: Is it Harmful? A Retrospective Observational Study. | journal=J Med Internet Res | year= 2020 | volume= 22 | issue= 2 | pages= e13622 | pmid=32044753 | doi=10.2196/13622 | pmc=7055752 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32044753 }} </ref><ref name="pmid29240899">{{cite journal| author=Giardina TD, Baldwin J, Nystrom DT, Sittig DF, Singh H| title=Patient perceptions of receiving test results via online portals: a mixed-methods study. | journal=J Am Med Inform Assoc | year= 2018 | volume= 25 | issue= 4 | pages= 440-446 | pmid=29240899 | doi=10.1093/jamia/ocx140 | pmc=5885801 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29240899 }} </ref> | |||
Release of test results to patients, especially if accompanied by physician interpretation may be helpful<ref name="pmid27337092">{{cite journal| author=Pillemer F, Price RA, Paone S, Martich GD, Albert S, Haidari L | display-authors=etal| title=Direct Release of Test Results to Patients Increases Patient Engagement and Utilization of Care. | journal=PLoS One | year= 2016 | volume= 11 | issue= 6 | pages= e0154743 | pmid=27337092 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0154743 | pmc=4919031 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27337092 }} </ref> | |||
===Mobile Health=== | ===Mobile Health=== | ||
{{main|Mobile health}} | {{main|Mobile health}} | ||
==External links== | |||
* [https://catalyst.nejm.org/topic/topics/patient-engagement Patient engagement at NEJM Catalyst] | |||
* https://www.opennotes.org/ | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Latest revision as of 05:07, 11 August 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Meagan Miller; Sara Dawit; Anna Scheuffele; Travis Haneke; Amanda Just; Evan Ball
Overview
Patient engagement, also called patient activation or patient participation, is defined as "patient involvement in the decision-making process in matters pertaining to health."[1]
Benefits
Patient activation
Patient activation interventions may improve patient outcomes[2] including the care of diabetes.[3].
Error checking
Patients may be able to detect errors in documentation[4][5].
Measuring patient engagement
Patient activation can be measured with the "Patient Activation Measure".[6]
Readiness to change can be measured by several methods:
- The Readiness to Change Ruler[7][8]
- Prochaska's Stages of Change from the Transtheoretical Model of Change[9]. The subjects answers one of the following about their current beliefs[10]:
- I do not regularly use __ and I do not intend to start within the next (six) months (Precontemplation)
- I am thinking about using __ regularly within the next (six) months (Contemplation)
- I plan to use __ regularly within the next 30 days (Preparation)
- I use __ regularly and have been for less than six months (Action)
- I use __ regularly and have for six months or more (Maintenance)
- The University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) questionnaire[11] based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change. The URICA is 23 or 32 items and a 12 item "'Readiness to change" version[12] has been developed. The Ruler correlates with the full questionnaire[13][12] and predicts behavioral intentions[13].
- Rollnick's motivational interviewing[14]
How to increase patient engagement / participation
A number of strategies have been reviewed[15]
Using stories to describe medical evidence may help communication.[16]
Encouraging patients to contribute to decisions
Encouraging the patient to participate in decisions may increase engagement and patient compliance.[17][6]
Consultation room design
Designing the room so that patients can watch the health care provider enter information into the electronic health record may help[18][19][20].
Patient portals to electronic health records
Patient portals may increase patient activation and reporting of errors[21][22].
Release of test results to patients
Test results can be released directly to patients, in real time, without accompanying interpretation by health care providers[23].
Real time release of results may increase anxiety in a minority of patients[24][25]
Release of test results to patients, especially if accompanied by physician interpretation may be helpful[23]
Mobile Health
External links
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2025), Patient engagement (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Shortell SM, Poon BY, Ramsay PP, Rodriguez HP, Ivey SL, Huber T; et al. (2017). "A Multilevel Analysis of Patient Engagement and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Primary Care Practices of Accountable Care Organizations". J Gen Intern Med. 32 (6): 640–647. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3980-z. PMC 5442008. PMID 28160187.
- ↑ Bolen SD, Chandar A, Falck-Ytter C, Tyler C, Perzynski AT, Gertz AM; et al. (2014). "Effectiveness and safety of patient activation interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes: systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression". J Gen Intern Med. 29 (8): 1166–76. doi:10.1007/s11606-014-2855-4. PMC 4099447. PMID 24733301.
- ↑ Bell SK, Delbanco T, Elmore JG, Fitzgerald PS, Fossa A, Harcourt K; et al. (2020). "Frequency and Types of Patient-Reported Errors in Electronic Health Record Ambulatory Care Notes". JAMA Netw Open. 3 (6): e205867. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.5867. PMC 7284300 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 32515797 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Bell SK, Mejilla R, Anselmo M, Darer JD, Elmore JG, Leveille S; et al. (2017). "When doctors share visit notes with patients: a study of patient and doctor perceptions of documentation errors, safety opportunities and the patient-doctor relationship". BMJ Qual Saf. 26 (4): 262–270. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004697. PMC 7255406 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 27193032. - ↑ 6.0 6.1 Greene J, Hibbard JH (2012). "Why does patient activation matter? An examination of the relationships between patient activation and health-related outcomes". J Gen Intern Med. 27 (5): 520–6. doi:10.1007/s11606-011-1931-2. PMC 3326094. PMID 22127797.
- ↑ Readiness-to-Change Ruler Adult Mededucation
- ↑ Zimmerman GL, Olsen CG, Bosworth MF (2000). "A 'stages of change' approach to helping patients change behavior". Am Fam Physician. 61 (5): 1409–16. PMID 10735346.
- ↑ Prochaska JO, Velicer WF, Rossi JS, Goldstein MG, Marcus BH, Rakowski W; et al. (1994). "Stages of change and decisional balance for 12 problem behaviors". Health Psychol. 13 (1): 39–46. PMID 8168470.
- ↑ Fu, T., Mundorf, N., Redding, C. A., Brick, L., Paiva, A., & Prochaska, J. (2016, June). Exploring sustainable transportation attitudes and stages of change using survey and geospatial data in New England campus commuters. In Journal of the Transportation Research Forum (Vol. 55, No. 2).
- ↑ DiClemente CC, Hughes SO (1990). "Stages of change profiles in outpatient alcoholism treatment". J Subst Abuse. 2 (2): 217–35. PMID 2136111.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Rollnick S, Heather N, Gold R, Hall W (1992). "Development of a short 'readiness to change' questionnaire for use in brief, opportunistic interventions among excessive drinkers". Br J Addict. 87 (5): 743–54. PMID 1591525.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 LaBrie JW, Quinlan T, Schiffman JE, Earleywine ME (2005). "Performance of alcohol and safer sex change rulers compared with readiness to change questionnaires". Psychol Addict Behav. 19 (1): 112–5. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.19.1.112. PMID 15783287.
- ↑ Rollnick, S., Heather, N., Gold, R., & Hall, W. (1992). Development of a short ‘readiness to change’questionnaire for use in brief, opportunistic interventions among excessive drinkers. Addiction, 87(5), 743-754. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1992.tb02720.x
- ↑ Bombard Y, Baker GR, Orlando E, Fancott C, Bhatia P, Casalino S; et al. (2018). "Engaging patients to improve quality of care: a systematic review". Implement Sci. 13 (1): 98. doi:10.1186/s13012-018-0784-z. PMC 6060529. PMID 30045735.
- ↑ Steiner JF (2007). "Using stories to disseminate research: the attributes of representative stories". Journal of general internal medicine : official journal of the Society for Research and Education in Primary Care Internal Medicine. 22 (11): 1603–7. doi:10.1007/s11606-007-0335-9. PMID 17763914.
- ↑ Bodenheimer T (2007). "A 63-year-old man with multiple cardiovascular risk factors and poor adherence to treatment plans". JAMA. 298 (17): 2048–55. doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.jrr70000. PMID 17986698.
- ↑ Ajiboye F, Dong F, Moore J, Kallail KJ, Baughman A (2015). "Effects of revised consultation room design on patient-physician communication". HERD. 8 (2): 8–17. doi:10.1177/1937586714565604. PMID 25816377.
- ↑ Crampton NH, Reis S, Shachak A (2016). "Computers in the clinical encounter: a scoping review and thematic analysis". J Am Med Inform Assoc. 23 (3): 654–65. doi:10.1093/jamia/ocv178. PMID 26769911.
- ↑ Asan O, Tyszka J, Crotty B (2018). "The electronic health record as a patient engagement tool: mirroring clinicians' screen to create a shared mental model". JAMIA Open. 1 (1): 42–48. doi:10.1093/jamiaopen/ooy006. PMC 6952027 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 31984318. - ↑ Walker J, Darer JD, Elmore JG, Delbanco T (2014). "The road toward fully transparent medical records". N Engl J Med. 370 (1): 6–8. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1310132. PMID 24304001.
- ↑ Dendere R, Slade C, Burton-Jones A, Sullivan C, Staib A, Janda M (2019). "Patient Portals Facilitating Engagement With Inpatient Electronic Medical Records: A Systematic Review". J Med Internet Res. 21 (4): e12779. doi:10.2196/12779. PMC 6482406. PMID 30973347.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 Pillemer F, Price RA, Paone S, Martich GD, Albert S, Haidari L; et al. (2016). "Direct Release of Test Results to Patients Increases Patient Engagement and Utilization of Care". PLoS One. 11 (6): e0154743. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154743. PMC 4919031. PMID 27337092.
- ↑ van Kuppenveld SI, van Os-Medendorp H, Tiemessen NA, van Delden JJ (2020). "Real-Time Access to Electronic Health Record via a Patient Portal: Is it Harmful? A Retrospective Observational Study". J Med Internet Res. 22 (2): e13622. doi:10.2196/13622. PMC 7055752 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 32044753 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Giardina TD, Baldwin J, Nystrom DT, Sittig DF, Singh H (2018). "Patient perceptions of receiving test results via online portals: a mixed-methods study". J Am Med Inform Assoc. 25 (4): 440–446. doi:10.1093/jamia/ocx140. PMC 5885801. PMID 29240899.