Sandbox: RAB

Rough sheet for Rinky

Phenotype Domains	Clinical Features
Urinary	Lower urinary tract symptoms that creates discomfort or High post-micturation residual volume
Psychological	Patient with depression or severe anxiety thinking the worst will happen to them
Organ-specific	Tenderness in Prostate,Presence of blood in ejaculation,Leukocytes in prostatic fluid or post-massage urine
Infectious	Infection with gram negative bacilli or Enterococii localized to prostate or presence of Ureaplasma in urine
Systemic	Pain anywhere else in the body except abdomen or pelvis or having a diagnosis of fibromyalgia,chronic fatigue or irritable bowel syndrome
Tenderness	Presence of palpable musvle spams in abodomen or pelvic floor

Table Phenotype Domains Clinical presentation Urinary Lower urinary tract symptoms that creates discomfort or High post-micturation residual volume Psychological Patient with depression or severe anxiety thinking the worst will happen to them Organ-specific Tend\erness in Prostate,Presence of blood in ejaculation,Leukocytes in prostatic fluid or post-massage urine Infectious Infection with gram negative bacilli or Enterococii localized to prostate or presence of Ureaplasma in urine Systemic Pain anywhere else in the body except abdomen or pelvis or having a diagnosis of fibromyalgia,chronic fatigue or irritable bowel syndrome Tenderness Presence of palpable musvle spams in abodomen or pelvic floor

UPOINT domains Complications in Central Nervous System Cerebrovascular Accident Hemorrhagic Ischaemic Acute Encephalitis Viral Meningitis Epileptic Seizures Encephalopathy Headache Complications in Peripheral Nervous system Guillain-Barre syndrome Anosmia Acute Myelitis Miller Fischer Sydrome Polyneuritis Cranialis Ego defenses Immature Defenses Acting Out Expressing unacceptable feelings and thoughts through actions Denial Avoiding the awreness of painful reality Displacemnet Transferring avoided ideas to neutral persons Idealization Expressing extreme positive thoughts of self and others while ignoring negative thoughts Identification Modeling behaviour after one person who is more powerful. These ego defenses are unconsious or conscious DEFENSES DEFENSES Defenses Return to top Mature Defenses Sublimitaion Replacing an unacceptable wish with a course of action that is similar to the wish but does not conflict with one's value system. Altruism alleviating negative feelings via unsolicited generosity. Suppression Intentionally withholding an idea or feeling. 16,Saturday,11,2024                           Table Phenotype Domains Clinical presentation Urinary Lower urinary tract symptoms that creates discomfort or High post-micturation residual volume Psychological Patient with depression or severe anxiety thinking the worst will happen to them Organ-specific Tend\erness in Prostate,Presence of blood in ejaculation,Leukocytes in prostatic fluid or post-massage urine Infectious Infection with gram negative bacilli or Enterococii localized to prostate or presence of Ureaplasma in urine Systemic Pain anywhere else in the body except abdomen or pelvis or having a diagnosis of fibromyalgia,chronic fatigue or irritable bowel syndrome Tenderness Presence of palpable musvle spams in abodomen or pelvic floor           Increased behaviour Decreased behaviour Add stimulus (+)ve reinformation (+)ve punishment Remove stimulus (-)ve reinformation (-)ve punishment Tumor nomenclature Carcinoma implies epithelial origin,whereas sarcoma denotes mesenchymal origin. Both terms imply malignancy. terms for non-neoplastic malformations include hamartoma(disorganized overgrowth of tissues in their native location, eg, Peutz- Jeghes polyps) and choriostoma9 normal tissue in foreign location, eg, gastric tissue located in distal ileum in Meckel Diverticulum). Benign tumor may show well demarcation, well diffreentiation, low mitotic activity, no necrosis, no metastasis. Malignant tumor shows poor demarcation, poor mitotic activity, erratic growth, local invasion, metastasis, reduced apoptosis. Upregulation of telomerase prevents chromosome shortening and cell death. CELL TYPE Benign Malignant Epithelium Adenoma,papilloma Adenocarcinoma, papillary carcinoma Messenchmye Blood cells lekaemia,Lymphoma Blood vessels Hemangioma Angiosarcoma Smooth muscle Leiomyoma Leiomyosarcoma Striated muscle Rhabdomyoma Rhabdomyosarcoma Connective tissue Fibroma Fibrosarcoma Bone Osteoma Osteosarcoma Fat Lipoma Liposarcoma Melanocyte Nevus/Mole Melanoma here is how we use reference TYPE DEFINITION EXAMPLES STRATEGY TO REDUCE BIAS Selection Bias Error in assigning subjects to a study group resulting in an unreprestative sample.Most commomnly a sampling bias Berkson Bias study population selected from hospital is less healthy than general population Healthy worker effect study population is healthier than the general population Non-response bias participating subjects differ from nonrespondents in meaningful ways. randomization Recall Bias Awareness of disorder alters recall by subjects; common in retrospective studies patients with disease recall exposure after learning of similar cases Decrease time from exposure to followup Measurement Bias Information is gathered in a systemically distorted manner. Association between HPV and cervical cancer not observed when using non-standarized classifications/ Use objective, standardized, and previously tested methods of data collection that are planned ahead of time Procedure Bias subjects in different groups are not treated the same patients in treatment group spend more time in highly specialized hospital units Blinding and use of placebo Observer- expectancy Bias Researche's belief in the efficacy of a treatment changes the outcome of that treatment If observer expects treatment group to show signs of recovery, then he is more likely to document positive outcomes. Blinding Heart Failure Clinical syndrome of cardiac pump dysfunction-->congestion and low perfusion. Symptoms inlude dyspnea,orthopnea,fatigue; signs include rale,jugular venous distention(JVD),pitting edema. Systolic Dysfunction reduced EF,increased EDV;decreased contracility often secondary to ischaemia/MI or dialted cardiomyopathy Diastolic Dysfunction preserved EF, normal EDV;compliance often secondary to myocardial hypertrophy. Caused BY Skin Preload CO Afterload Treatment Hypovolumic hemorrhage,dehydration,burns Cold,clammy reduced reduced increased IV fluids Cardiogenic Acute MI,HF Cold,clammy increased reduced Increased Inotropes, diuresis Distributive Sepsis, anaphylaxis warm,dry reduced increased reduced IV fluids,pressors this is how we add bullets this is how layers this is how numbers are added reference