Bradycardia natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common complications of bradycardia include [[heart failure]], [[syncope]], [[angina pectoris]], [[hypotension]] and [[hypertension]]. The prognosis is good when the rhythm is quickly identified by the healthcare provider. Nevertheless, people with [[sick sinus syndrome]] who have bradycardia appear to have a poor 5-year survival prognosis of 45-70 per cent. | Common [[complications]] of bradycardia include [[heart failure]], [[syncope]], [[angina pectoris]], [[hypotension]] and [[hypertension]]. The [[prognosis]] is good when the rhythm is quickly identified by the healthcare provider. Nevertheless, people with [[sick sinus syndrome]] who have [[bradycardia]] appear to have a poor 5-year survival [[prognosis]] of 45-70 per cent. | ||
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ||
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===Natural History=== | ===Natural History=== | ||
*[[Sinus bradycardia]] occurs in healthy patients as an adaptive response, particularly in well-conditioned persons or while sleeping, but it can also occur as a pathologic response in a variety of conditions. | *[[Sinus bradycardia]] occurs in healthy patients as an adaptive response, particularly in well-conditioned persons or while sleeping, but it can also occur as a pathologic response in a variety of conditions.<ref name="pmid1099830">{{cite journal| author=Blömer H, Wirtzfeld A, Delius W, Sebening H| title=[Sinus node syndrome]. | journal=Z Kardiol | year= 1975 | volume= 64 | issue= 8 | pages= 697-721 | pmid=1099830 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1099830 }} </ref> | ||
*Sinus bradycardia itself does not cause symptoms directly, although a patient with comorbid conditions that may be exacerbated by decreased cardiac output (e.g. [[angina]], [[heart failure]]) may have worsening symptoms related to comorbidity. | *[[Sinus bradycardia]] itself does not cause symptoms directly, although a patient with [[comorbid]] conditions that may be exacerbated by decreased [[cardiac output]] (e.g. [[angina]], [[heart failure]]) may have worsening [[symptoms]] related to [[comorbidity]]. | ||
*Slower sinus rates are often very well tolerated. Asymptomatic resting [[bradycardias]], particularly in trained athletes and young individuals | *Slower sinus rates are often very well tolerated. Asymptomatic resting [[bradycardias]], particularly in trained athletes and young individuals is not pathological and doesn't require treatment. | ||
===Complications=== | ===Complications=== | ||
*Common complications of bradycardia include:<ref | *Common [[complications]] of [[bradycardia]] include:<ref>{{cite journal|title=Part 7.3: Management of Symptomatic Bradycardia and Tachycardia|journal=Circulation|volume=112|issue=24_suppl|year=2005|pages=IV-67–IV-77|issn=0009-7322|doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.166558}}</ref> | ||
**[[Heart failure]] | **[[Heart failure]] | ||
**[[Syncope]] | **[[Syncope]] | ||
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===Prognosis=== | ===Prognosis=== | ||
The prognosis is good when the rhythm is quickly identified by the healthcare provider. Nevertheless, people with [[sick sinus syndrome]] who have bradycardia appear to have a poor 5-year survival prognosis of 45-70 per cent.<ref | *The prognosis is good when the rhythm is quickly identified by the healthcare provider.<ref name="pmid3490781">{{cite journal| author=Tresch DD, Fleg JL| title=Unexplained sinus bradycardia: clinical significance and long-term prognosis in apparently healthy persons older than 40 years. | journal=Am J Cardiol | year= 1986 | volume= 58 | issue= 10 | pages= 1009-13 | pmid=3490781 | doi=10.1016/s0002-9149(86)80029-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3490781 }} </ref> | ||
*Nevertheless, people with [[sick sinus syndrome]] who have bradycardia appear to have a poor 5-year survival prognosis of 45-70 per cent.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Poster Presentations From the World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions 2012|journal=Circulation|volume=125|issue=19|year=2012|issn=0009-7322|doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e31824fcdb3}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:47, 30 September 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ibtisam Ashraf, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Common complications of bradycardia include heart failure, syncope, angina pectoris, hypotension and hypertension. The prognosis is good when the rhythm is quickly identified by the healthcare provider. Nevertheless, people with sick sinus syndrome who have bradycardia appear to have a poor 5-year survival prognosis of 45-70 per cent.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Natural History
- Sinus bradycardia occurs in healthy patients as an adaptive response, particularly in well-conditioned persons or while sleeping, but it can also occur as a pathologic response in a variety of conditions.[1]
- Sinus bradycardia itself does not cause symptoms directly, although a patient with comorbid conditions that may be exacerbated by decreased cardiac output (e.g. angina, heart failure) may have worsening symptoms related to comorbidity.
- Slower sinus rates are often very well tolerated. Asymptomatic resting bradycardias, particularly in trained athletes and young individuals is not pathological and doesn't require treatment.
Complications
- Common complications of bradycardia include:[2]
Prognosis
- The prognosis is good when the rhythm is quickly identified by the healthcare provider.[3]
- Nevertheless, people with sick sinus syndrome who have bradycardia appear to have a poor 5-year survival prognosis of 45-70 per cent.[4]
References
- ↑ Blömer H, Wirtzfeld A, Delius W, Sebening H (1975). "[Sinus node syndrome]". Z Kardiol. 64 (8): 697–721. PMID 1099830.
- ↑ "Part 7.3: Management of Symptomatic Bradycardia and Tachycardia". Circulation. 112 (24_suppl): IV-67–IV-77. 2005. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.166558. ISSN 0009-7322.
- ↑ Tresch DD, Fleg JL (1986). "Unexplained sinus bradycardia: clinical significance and long-term prognosis in apparently healthy persons older than 40 years". Am J Cardiol. 58 (10): 1009–13. doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(86)80029-7. PMID 3490781.
- ↑ "Poster Presentations From the World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions 2012". Circulation. 125 (19). 2012. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e31824fcdb3. ISSN 0009-7322.