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{{WBRQuestion | {{WBRQuestion | ||
|QuestionAuthor={{ | |QuestionAuthor= {{YD}} (Reviewed by Serge Korjian) | ||
|ExamType=USMLE Step 1 | |ExamType=USMLE Step 1 | ||
|MainCategory=Histology | |MainCategory=Histology | ||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
|MainCategory=Histology | |MainCategory=Histology | ||
|SubCategory=Endocrine | |SubCategory=Endocrine | ||
|MainCategory=Histology | |||
|MainCategory=Histology | |MainCategory=Histology | ||
|MainCategory=Histology | |MainCategory=Histology | ||
| Line 20: | Line 21: | ||
|MainCategory=Histology | |MainCategory=Histology | ||
|SubCategory=Endocrine | |SubCategory=Endocrine | ||
|Prompt=A scientist investigating a novel antidiabetic drug injects rats with insulin antibodies to induce experimental diabetes. Shown below is an image depicting the localization of the insulin | |Prompt=A scientist investigating a novel antidiabetic drug injects rats with insulin antibodies to induce experimental diabetes. Shown below is an image depicting the localization of the insulin antibodies by immunofluorescent microscopy. The red color represents the insulin antibodies, the blue color represents the nuclei and the green color represents unspecific anti-mouse secondary antibody staining mostly the intercellular matrix. To which of the following cells does the area in red most likely correspond to?<br> | ||
[[File:Mouse pancreatic islet.jpg| | [[File:Mouse pancreatic islet.jpg|400px]] | ||
|Explanation=Hormones produced in the islets of Langerhans are secreted directly into the blood flow by (at least) five types of cells. In rat islets, endocrine cell subsets are distributed as follows:<br> | |Explanation=Hormones produced in the islets of Langerhans are secreted directly into the blood flow by (at least) five types of cells. In rat islets, endocrine cell subsets are distributed as follows:<br> | ||
*[[Alpha cells]] producing [[glucagon]] (15–20% of total islet cells) | |||
*[[Beta cells]] producing [[insulin]] and [[amylin]] (65–80%)- [[Delta cells]] producing [[somatostatin]] (3–10%) | |||
*[[Gamma cells]] or PP cells producing pancreatic polypeptide (3–5%) | |||
*[[Epsilon cells]] producing [[ghrelin]] (<1%) | |||
Since insulin is produced in the beta cells, the insulin antibodies will label the beta cells in red. | |||
|AnswerA=Alpha cella | |AnswerA=Alpha cella | ||
|AnswerAExp=[[Alpha cell]]s produce glucagon. Alpha cells form 15–20% of the total number of cells of the [[islets of langerhans]]. | |AnswerAExp=[[Alpha cell]]s produce glucagon. Alpha cells form 15–20% of the total number of cells of the [[islets of langerhans]]. | ||
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|AnswerE=Epsilon cells | |AnswerE=Epsilon cells | ||
|AnswerEExp=Epsilon cells produce ghrelin. Epsilon cells form <1% of the total number of cells of the [[islets of langerhans]]. | |AnswerEExp=Epsilon cells produce ghrelin. Epsilon cells form <1% of the total number of cells of the [[islets of langerhans]]. | ||
|EducationalObjectives=The [[islets of langerhans]] are formed by different types of cells. [[Beta cells]] occupy the center of the islet of langerhans and produce [[insulin]]. | |||
|References=Gomori, George. "Observations with differential stains on human islets of Langerhans." The American journal of pathology 17.3 (1941): 395.<br> | |||
First Aid 2015 page 313 | |||
|RightAnswer=B | |RightAnswer=B | ||
|WBRKeyword=Beta cells, | |WBRKeyword=Beta cells, Insulin, Diabetes, Histology, | ||
|Approved= | |Approved=Yes | ||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:19, 28 October 2020
| Author | [[PageAuthor::Yazan Daaboul, M.D. (Reviewed by Serge Korjian)]] |
|---|---|
| Exam Type | ExamType::USMLE Step 1 |
| Main Category | MainCategory::Histology |
| Sub Category | SubCategory::Endocrine |
| Prompt | [[Prompt::A scientist investigating a novel antidiabetic drug injects rats with insulin antibodies to induce experimental diabetes. Shown below is an image depicting the localization of the insulin antibodies by immunofluorescent microscopy. The red color represents the insulin antibodies, the blue color represents the nuclei and the green color represents unspecific anti-mouse secondary antibody staining mostly the intercellular matrix. To which of the following cells does the area in red most likely correspond to?
|
| Answer A | AnswerA::Alpha cella |
| Answer A Explanation | [[AnswerAExp::Alpha cells produce glucagon. Alpha cells form 15–20% of the total number of cells of the islets of langerhans.]] |
| Answer B | AnswerB::Beta cells |
| Answer B Explanation | [[AnswerBExp::Beta cells produce insulin and amylin. Beta cells form 65–80% of the total number of cells of the islets of langerhans.]] |
| Answer C | AnswerC::Delta cells |
| Answer C Explanation | [[AnswerCExp::Delta cells produce somatostatin. Delta cells form 3–10% of the total number of cells of the islets of langerhans.]] |
| Answer D | AnswerD::Gamma cells |
| Answer D Explanation | [[AnswerDExp::Gamma cells, or PP cells, produce pancreatic polypeptide. Gamma cells form 3–5% of the total number of cells of the islets of langerhans.]] |
| Answer E | AnswerE::Epsilon cells |
| Answer E Explanation | [[AnswerEExp::Epsilon cells produce ghrelin. Epsilon cells form <1% of the total number of cells of the islets of langerhans.]] |
| Right Answer | RightAnswer::B |
| Explanation | [[Explanation::Hormones produced in the islets of Langerhans are secreted directly into the blood flow by (at least) five types of cells. In rat islets, endocrine cell subsets are distributed as follows:
Since insulin is produced in the beta cells, the insulin antibodies will label the beta cells in red. |
| Approved | Approved::Yes |
| Keyword | WBRKeyword::Beta cells, WBRKeyword::Insulin, WBRKeyword::Diabetes, WBRKeyword::Histology |
| Linked Question | Linked:: |
| Order in Linked Questions | LinkedOrder:: |
