Alopecia physical examination: Difference between revisions

	Alopecia Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Alopecia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT Scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Laser Therapy
Concealing Hair Loss
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Alopecia physical examination On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Alopecia physical examination All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Alopecia physical examination
CDC on Alopecia physical examination
Alopecia physical examination in the news
Blogs on Alopecia physical examination
Directions to Hospitals Treating Alopecia
Risk calculators and risk factors for Alopecia physical examination

← Older edit

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 02:48, 29 January 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] Ogechukwu Hannah Nnabude, MD

Overview

The quantity, pattern, presence of scarring, scaling, or erythema are all helpful clues in determining the cause of the hair loss.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

The appearance of the patient can provide clues to the diagnosis of alopecia.

Head

Scalp
- Normal or with features of scarring
- If the scalp is abnormal it provides clues to the differential diagnosis
  - Scarring, which is a feature of many irreversible causes of hair loss such as tufted hair folliculitis ^[1]
  - Scaling
  - Erythema, which may be seen in vitamin A toxicity ^[2]
  - Pustules
  - Dyspigmentation
Pattern: Diffuse or patchy
- Male pattern (diffuse): Bitemporal recession +/or vertex loss ^[3]
- Female pattern (diffuse): Coronal thinning with preserved anterior hairline ^[3]
- Patchy: With preserved hair of variable length as seen in trichotillomania ^[4]
  - With exclamation point hairs (alopecia areata) ^[3]
  - With no hair (scarring, traction, syphilis, tinea)

Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Syringolymphoid hyperplasia with alopecia. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]
Syringolymphoid hyperplasia with alopecia. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.^[5]

Extremities

Patient may also have nails that have a hammered brass appearance, as seen in alopecia areata.

References

↑ "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 28613486.
↑ "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 30422511.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Qi J, Garza LA (2014). "An overview of alopecias". Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 4 (3). doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a013615. PMC 3935391. PMID 24591533.
↑ Sperling LC, Cowper SE, Knopp EA. An atlas of hair pathology with clinical correlations. 2. Informa Healthcare; 2014. [Google Scholar]
↑ ^5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 ^5.12 "Dermatology Atlas".

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid28613486-1] "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 28613486.

[pmid30422511-2] "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 30422511.

[pmid24591533-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Qi J, Garza LA (2014). "An overview of alopecias". Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 4 (3). doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a013615. PMC 3935391. PMID 24591533.

[4] Sperling LC, Cowper SE, Knopp EA. An atlas of hair pathology with clinical correlations. 2. Informa Healthcare; 2014. [Google Scholar]

[Dermatology_Atlas-5] 5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 ^5.12 "Dermatology Atlas".

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Alopecia}}
-{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}} [[Ogechukwu Hannah Nnabude, MD]]
+==Overview==
+The quantity, pattern, presence of scarring, scaling, or erythema are all helpful clues in determining the cause of the hair loss.
 ==Physical Examination==
@@ Line 10: / Line 13: @@
 *[[Scalp]]
 **Normal or with features of [[scarring]]
-**If scalp is abnormal it provides clues to the differential diagnosis
+**If the scalp is abnormal it provides clues to the differential diagnosis
+***[[Scarring]], which is a feature of many irreversible causes of hair loss such as [[tufted hair folliculitis]] <ref name="pmid28613486">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2020 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=28613486 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>
 ***Scaling
-***[[Erythema]]
+***[[Erythema]], which may be seen in vitamin A toxicity <ref name="pmid30422511">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2020 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=30422511 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>
 ***[[Pustules]]
 ***Dyspigmentation
 *Pattern: Diffuse or patchy
-**Male pattern (diffuse): Bitemporal recession +/or vertex loss
+**Male pattern (diffuse): Bitemporal recession +/or vertex loss <ref name="pmid24591533">{{cite journal| author=Qi J, Garza LA| title=An overview of alopecias. | journal=Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med | year= 2014 | volume= 4 | issue= 3 | pages=  | pmid=24591533 | doi=10.1101/cshperspect.a013615 | pmc=3935391 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24591533  }} </ref>
-**Female pattern (diffuse): Coronal thinning with preserved anterior hairline
+**Female pattern (diffuse): Coronal thinning with preserved anterior hairline <ref name="pmid24591533">{{cite journal| author=Qi J, Garza LA| title=An overview of alopecias. | journal=Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med | year= 2014 | volume= 4 | issue= 3 | pages=  | pmid=24591533 | doi=10.1101/cshperspect.a013615 | pmc=3935391 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24591533  }} </ref>
-**Patchy: With preserved hair of variable length (breakage)
+**Patchy: With preserved hair of variable length as seen in [[trichotillomania]] <ref>Sperling LC, Cowper SE, Knopp EA. An atlas of hair pathology with clinical correlations. 2. Informa Healthcare; 2014. [Google Scholar]</ref>
-***With exclamation point hairs ([[alopecia areata]])
+***With exclamation point hairs ([[alopecia areata]]) <ref name="pmid24591533">{{cite journal| author=Qi J, Garza LA| title=An overview of alopecias. | journal=Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med | year= 2014 | volume= 4 | issue= 3 | pages=  | pmid=24591533 | doi=10.1101/cshperspect.a013615 | pmc=3935391 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24591533  }} </ref>
 ***With no hair ([[scarring]], traction, [[syphilis]], [[tinea]])
@@ Line 34: / Line 38: @@
 Image:Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum10.jpg|Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 Image:Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum11.jpg|Alopecia acquisitum centrifugum. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
+Image:Syringolymphoid hyperplasia alopecia 01.jpeg|Syringolymphoid hyperplasia with alopecia. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
+Image:Syringolymphoid hyperplasia alopecia 02.jpeg|Syringolymphoid hyperplasia with alopecia. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 </gallery>
@@ Line 39: / Line 45: @@
 ====Extremities====
-*Patient may also have nails that have a hammered brass appearance.
+*Patient may also have nails that have a hammered brass appearance, as seen in alopecia areata.
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+{{WikiDoc Sources}}
 [[Category:Needs overview]]
-[[Category:Primary care]]
 [[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Dermatology]]
-{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
-{{WikiDoc Sources}}