Cyanosis diagnostic study of choice: Difference between revisions
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{{Cyanosis}} | {{Cyanosis}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Sara.Zand}} | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
[[ Peripheral cyanosis]] improves with [[oxygen]] therapy. Conversely, [[central cyanosis]] does not respond to [[oxygen]] therapy because of the underlying intrapulmonary or intracardiac shunt which is responsible for mixing the nonoxygenated [[venous blood]] and [[oxygenated]] arterial blood. All causes of [[central cyanosis]] may cause [[peripheral cyanosis]]. | |||
==Diagnostic Criteria== | |||
*The diagnosis of [[ cyanosis]] is made when the following diagnostic criteria are met: | *The diagnosis of [[ cyanosis]] is made when the following diagnostic criteria are met: | ||
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::* Insufficient [[pulmonary blood flow]] such as increased [[pulmonary vascular resistance]], [[ congenital heart disease]] | ::* Insufficient [[pulmonary blood flow]] such as increased [[pulmonary vascular resistance]], [[ congenital heart disease]] | ||
::* Unusual pattern of [[pulmonary blood flow]] such as [[transposition of great arteries]] ([[TGA]]), [[total anomalous pulmonary venous connection]] ([[TAPVC]]), [[pulmonary arteriovenous malformation]] | ::* Unusual pattern of [[pulmonary blood flow]] such as [[transposition of great arteries]] ([[TGA]]), [[total anomalous pulmonary venous connection]] ([[TAPVC]]), [[pulmonary arteriovenous malformation]] | ||
::* Normal PO2 level such as [[methemoglobinemia]], [[polycytemia]] | |||
== Diagnostic Study of Choice == | |||
* [[Echocardiography]] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [[cyanotic congenital heart diseases]].<ref name="pmid25474186">{{cite journal |vauthors=Deeg KH |title=Echocardiographic differential diagnosis of the cyanotic newborn |journal=Ultraschall Med |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=104–18; quiz 119–20 |date=April 2015 |pmid=25474186 |doi=10.1055/s-0034-1385493 |url=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Primary care]] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:53, 29 January 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2]
Overview
Peripheral cyanosis improves with oxygen therapy. Conversely, central cyanosis does not respond to oxygen therapy because of the underlying intrapulmonary or intracardiac shunt which is responsible for mixing the nonoxygenated venous blood and oxygenated arterial blood. All causes of central cyanosis may cause peripheral cyanosis.
Diagnostic Criteria
- The diagnosis of cyanosis is made when the following diagnostic criteria are met:
- Transient bluish discoloration of hands and feet in the neonate or acrocyanosis
- Response to oxygen therapy in peripheral cyanosis
- NO response to oxygen therapy in central cyanosis
- Discoloration of hands and feet in peripheral cyanosis
- Discoloration of mucous membrane and lips in central cyanosis
- The diagnosis of central cyanosis in the neonate is made when at least one of the following diagnostic criteria are met:
- Insufficient pulmonary oxygen intake such as respiratory failure, upper airway obstruction, hypoventilation
- Insufficient pulmonary blood flow such as increased pulmonary vascular resistance, congenital heart disease
- Unusual pattern of pulmonary blood flow such as transposition of great arteries (TGA), total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC), pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
- Normal PO2 level such as methemoglobinemia, polycytemia
Diagnostic Study of Choice
- Echocardiography is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of cyanotic congenital heart diseases.[1]
References
- ↑ Deeg KH (April 2015). "Echocardiographic differential diagnosis of the cyanotic newborn". Ultraschall Med. 36 (2): 104–18, quiz 119–20. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1385493. PMID 25474186.