Nutritional screening and assessment resident survival guide: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Nutrition plays a pivotal role in life and in medicine. Acute and chronic diseases in most organ systems have pronounced effects on food intake and metabolism with increased catabolism, which lead to nutrition-related conditions associated with increased morbidity and eventually death. At the other end of the spectrum, diet is a major determinant of future health, i.e. the absence or postponement of disorders like cardio-vascular disease, diabetes, cancer and cognitive disease.<ref name="pmidhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31679-8">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31679-8 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }} </ref> | Nutrition plays a pivotal role in life and in medicine. Acute and chronic diseases in most organ systems have pronounced effects on food intake and metabolism with increased catabolism, which lead to nutrition-related conditions associated with increased morbidity and eventually death. At the other end of the spectrum, diet is a major determinant of future health, i.e. the absence or postponement of disorders like cardio-vascular disease, diabetes, cancer and cognitive disease.<ref name="pmidhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31679-8">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31679-8 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }} </ref> Malnutrition can be defined as “a state resulting from lack of intake or uptake of nutrition that leads to altered body composition (decreased fat free mass) and body cell mass leading to diminished physical and mental function and impaired clinical outcome from disease” .<ref name="pmid27642056">{{cite journal| author=Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Austin P, Ballmer P, Biolo G, Bischoff SC | display-authors=etal| title=ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition. | journal=Clin Nutr | year= 2017 | volume= 36 | issue= 1 | pages= 49-64 | pmid=27642056 | doi=10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27642056 }} </ref> | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of <nowiki>[[Malnutrition]]</nowiki> according the the [ | Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of <nowiki>[[Malnutrition]]</nowiki> according the the [WHO] guidelines.<ref name="pmidhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }} </ref> | ||
{{familytree/start |summary=PE diagnosis Algorithm.}} | {{familytree/start |summary=PE diagnosis Algorithm.}} | ||
{{familytree | | | | A01 | | | A01= }} | {{familytree | | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | | A01= '''malnutrtion''' }} | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | {{familytree | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }} | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | }} | |||
{{familytree | | |,|-|^|-|.| | }} | {{familytree | | | | | | C01 | | C02 | C01=BMI <18.5 kg/m2 | C02=Weight loss (involuntary) >10% indefinite of time, or >5% over the last 3 months combined with either | ||
{{familytree | | C01 | | C02 | C01= | C02= }} | BMI <20 kg/m2 if <70 years of age, or <22 kg/m2 if ≥70 years of age or | ||
FFMI <15 and 17 kg/m2 in women and men, respectively. | |||
}} | |||
{{familytree/end}} | {{familytree/end}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:46, 22 February 2021
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hanan E. Elkalawy, MD[2]
Synonyms and keywords:
Overview
Nutrition plays a pivotal role in life and in medicine. Acute and chronic diseases in most organ systems have pronounced effects on food intake and metabolism with increased catabolism, which lead to nutrition-related conditions associated with increased morbidity and eventually death. At the other end of the spectrum, diet is a major determinant of future health, i.e. the absence or postponement of disorders like cardio-vascular disease, diabetes, cancer and cognitive disease.[1] Malnutrition can be defined as “a state resulting from lack of intake or uptake of nutrition that leads to altered body composition (decreased fat free mass) and body cell mass leading to diminished physical and mental function and impaired clinical outcome from disease” .[2]
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Diagnosis
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[Malnutrition]] according the the [WHO] guidelines.[3]
| malnutrtion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BMI <18.5 kg/m2 | Weight loss (involuntary) >10% indefinite of time, or >5% over the last 3 months combined with either
BMI <20 kg/m2 if <70 years of age, or <22 kg/m2 if ≥70 years of age or FFMI <15 and 17 kg/m2 in women and men, respectively. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Treatment
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.
Do's
- The content in this section is in bullet points.
Don'ts
- The content in this section is in bullet points.
References
- ↑ Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G (1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. PMID https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31679-8 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Austin P, Ballmer P, Biolo G, Bischoff SC; et al. (2017). "ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition". Clin Nutr. 36 (1): 49–64. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004. PMID 27642056.
- ↑ Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G (1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. PMID https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004 Check
|pmid=value (help).