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{|
__NOTOC__
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Diseases
| colspan="5" |'''Skin examination'''
! colspan="2" |Diagnosis
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Additional findings
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Color
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Texture
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Size
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Distribution
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dermoscopic Findings
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Histopathology
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma]]'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Squamous cell carcinoma in situ of skin|'''SCC in situ (Bowen's disease''')]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Patch
* Plaque
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Erythematous
* Skin colored
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Scaly
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variable
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Fair-skinned individuals: sun-exposed areas


* In black individuals: legs, anus, and areas of chronic inflammation
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Presence of dotted and/or glomerular vessels
* White to yellowish surface scales
* Red-yellowish background
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Keratinocytic dysplasia of the epidermis
* No infiltration into dermis


* Pleomorphic keratinocytes
Cardiac surgery<ref name="pmid23447502">{{cite journal| author=Aya HD, Cecconi M, Hamilton M, Rhodes A| title=Goal-directed therapy in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | journal=Br J Anaesth | year= 2013 | volume= 110 | issue= 4 | pages= 510-7 | pmid=23447502 | doi=10.1093/bja/aet020 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23447502 }} </ref>
* Hyperchromatic nuclei
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Slow growth over the years
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Invasive squamous cell carcinoma'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Papule
* Plaque
* Nodule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Skin colored
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Indurated + hyperkeratotic  (well differentiated)
* Soft + ulceration (poorly differentiated)
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* 0.5 to 1.5 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Fair-skinned individuals: sun-exposed areas
 
* In black individuals: legs, anus, and areas of chronic inflammation
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* White circles
* White structureless areas
* Masses of keratin
* Hairpin and linear-irregular vessels
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Keratinocytic dysplasia of the epidermis
* No infiltration into dermis
 
* Pleomorphic keratinocytes
* Hyperchromatic nuclei
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* May be painful or pruritic
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Keratoacanthoma]]'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Macule
* Papule
* May have telangiectasias
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Skin-colored
* Mildly erythematous
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Prominent keratinous core in the center of the nodule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* 1 to 2.5 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Sun-exposed areas
* Face, neck, hands, and arms
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* White circles
* Keratin
* Blood spots
* White structureless zones
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Well-differentiated squamous epithelium
* Central keratin core
* Epidermal hyperplasia + large eosinophilic keratinocytes
 
* Dermal inflammatory infiltrate
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Rapid growth (within weeks)
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Merkel cell carcinoma]]'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Intracutaneous nodule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Shiny
* Flesh-colored or bluish-red
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Firm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* < 1 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Sun-exposed areas
 
* Head and neck
* Upper limbs and shoulder
* Lower limbs and hip
* Trunk
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Milky red areas
* Linear
* Irregular vessels
* Polymorphous vessels
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Uniform cells with large basophilic nuclei
* Single-cell necrosis
* Frequent mitoses
* Lymphovascular invasion
* Perineural invasion
* Epidermal involvement via pagetoid spread
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Older individuals with light skin tones
* Rapidly growing
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Basal cell carcinoma]]'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Nodular basal cell carcinoma]]'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Papule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Flesh-colored
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Small bump
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variable
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Face
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Focused, bright red, and branching arborizing vessels
* Loosely arranged blue-gray dots
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Nest-like infiltration with basaloid cells
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* May have a "rolled" border
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Superficial basal cell carcinoma '''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Patch
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Erythematous
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Scaly
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* 1 to > 10 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Sun-exposed areas
* Head (cheek and nose)
* Trunk
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Superficial fine telangiectasia
* Shiny white to red, translucent or opaque structureless areas
* Multiple small erosions
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Large, hyperchromatic, oval nuclei
* Minimal cytoplasm
* Small basaloid nodules
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Higher incidence in men
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Sclerosing basal cell carcinoma (morpheaform)'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Papule
 
* Plaque
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Flesh-colored
* Slightly erythematous
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Firm
* Indurated
* Indistinct borders
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variable
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Sun-exposed areas
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Whitish backround
* Few fine arborizing vessels
* Multiple brown dots
* Ulceration
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Thin columns + small nodules
* Highly collagenized stroma
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Expression of smooth muscle protein alpha-actin in tumor stroma
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Prurigo nodules'''<ref name="pmid25808786">{{cite journal| author=Errichetti E, Piccirillo A, Stinco G| title=Dermoscopy of prurigo nodularis. | journal=J Dermatol | year= 2015 | volume= 42 | issue= 6 | pages= 632-4 | pmid=25808786 | doi=10.1111/1346-8138.12844 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25808786  }}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Dome-shaped nodule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Flesh-colored
* Erythematous
* Brown/black
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Firm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Few millimeters to several centimeters
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Extensor surfaces of the arms and legs and on the trunk
 
* Upper back, abdomen, and sacrum
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* White "starburst pattern" surrounding red/brown/yellow crusts
* Erosions
* Hyperkeratosis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Thick and compact orthohyperkeratosis
* Irregular epidermal hyperplasia
* Focal parakeratosis with irregular acanthosis
* Nonspecific dermal infiltrate containing WBCs
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Nodules range in number from few to hundreds
* Worsened by heat, sweating, or irritation from clothing
|-
| rowspan="6" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Melanoma]]'''
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Melanoma in situ''' (Lentigo Maligna)
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Macule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variable (from light to dark brown, black, pink, red, or white)
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Smooth
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Around 1 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Sun-damaged skin of the head or neck
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Asymmetric, pigmented follicular openings
* Gray angulated lines
* Gray areas, dots, and globules
* Circle within a circle
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* '''↑''' atypical spindle shaped melanocytes
* Arranged in single cells or in small nests along the dermoepidermal junction
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Darkening of pigmentation, sharpening of borders, or emergence of nodular areas are signs of progression to lentigo maligna melanoma
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Lentigo maligna melanoma]]'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Macule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Brown/tan
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Freckle-like
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variable
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Chronically sun-damaged areas
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Asymmetric, pigmented follicular openings
* Gray angulated lines
* Gray areas, dots, and globules
* Circle within a circle
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* "Star-burst giant cells" in epidermis
* "Swallow's nest" sign along the dermal-epidermal junction
* Minimal cytoplasm
* Pale nucleus with small nucleoli
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Usually in older individuals
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Superficial spreading melanoma]]'''<ref name="pmid19782937">{{cite journal| author=Argenziano G, Ferrara G, Francione S, Di Nola K, Martino A, Zalaudek I| title=Dermoscopy--the ultimate tool for melanoma diagnosis. | journal=Semin Cutan Med Surg | year= 2009 | volume= 28 | issue= 3 | pages= 142-8 | pmid=19782937 | doi=10.1016/j.sder.2009.06.001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19782937  }}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Macule
* Plaque with irregular borders
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variably pigmented (red, blue, black, gray, and white)
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Thin
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* 1 mm to > 1 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Anywhere but usually:
** Back (men and women)
** Lower extremities (women)
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Asymmetry of shape
* > 2 colors
* Asymmetry of structures
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Asymmetric
* Poorly circumscribed
* Lack cellular maturation
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Lateral (radial) growth before vertical (invasive) growth
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Nodular melanoma]]'''<ref name="pmid12734496">{{cite journal| author=Argenziano G, Soyer HP, Chimenti S, Talamini R, Corona R, Sera F et al.| title=Dermoscopy of pigmented skin lesions: results of a consensus meeting via the Internet. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2003 | volume= 48 | issue= 5 | pages= 679-93 | pmid=12734496 | doi=10.1067/mjd.2003.281 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12734496  }}</ref><ref name="MenziesMoloney2013">{{cite journal|last1=Menzies|first1=Scott W.|last2=Moloney|first2=Fergal J.|last3=Byth|first3=Karen|last4=Avramidis|first4=Michelle|last5=Argenziano|first5=Giuseppe|last6=Zalaudek|first6=Iris|last7=Braun|first7=Ralph P.|last8=Malvehy|first8=Josep|last9=Puig|first9=Susana|last10=Rabinovitz|first10=Harold S.|last11=Oliviero|first11=Margaret|last12=Cabo|first12=Horacio|last13=Bono|first13=Riccardo|last14=Pizzichetta|first14=Maria A.|last15=Claeson|first15=Magdalena|last16=Gaffney|first16=Daniel C.|last17=Soyer|first17=H. Peter|last18=Stanganelli|first18=Ignazio|last19=Scolyer|first19=Richard A.|last20=Guitera|first20=Pascale|last21=Kelly|first21=John|last22=McCurdy|first22=Olivia|last23=Llambrich|first23=Alex|last24=Marghoob|first24=Ashfaq A.|last25=Zaballos|first25=Pedro|last26=Kirchesch|first26=Herbert M.|last27=Piccolo|first27=Domenico|last28=Bowling|first28=Jonathan|last29=Thomas|first29=Luc|last30=Terstappen|first30=Karin|last31=Tanaka|first31=Masaru|last32=Pellacani|first32=Giovanni|last33=Pagnanelli|first33=Gianluca|last34=Ghigliotti|first34=Giovanni|last35=Ortega|first35=Blanca Carlos|last36=Crafter|first36=Greg|last37=Ortiz|first37=Ana María Perusquía|last38=Tromme|first38=Isabelle|last39=Karaarslan|first39=Isil Kilinc|last40=Ozdemir|first40=Fezal|last41=Tam|first41=Anthony|last42=Landi|first42=Christian|last43=Norton|first43=Peter|last44=Kaçar|first44=Nida|last45=Rudnicka|first45=Lidia|last46=Slowinska|first46=Monika|last47=Simionescu|first47=Olga|last48=Di Stefani|first48=Alessandro|last49=Coates|first49=Elliot|last50=Kreusch|first50=Juergen|title=Dermoscopic Evaluation of Nodular Melanoma|journal=JAMA Dermatology|volume=149|issue=6|year=2013|pages=699|issn=2168-6068|doi=10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.2466}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Polypoid nodule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Dark color
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Lump
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* 6mm to > 1 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Trunk
* Head
* Neck
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Pigment network or pseudonetwork
* Aggregated brown or black globules
* Blue pigmentation within lesion
* Small dotted or comma vessels
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Cells proliferate downwards through the skin
 
* Dermal growth in isolation or in association with an epidermal component
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Two-thirds arise in normal skin, the rest in existing moles
* Rapidly enlarging
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Acral lentiginous melanoma]]'''<ref name="pmid19922528">{{cite journal| author=Phan A, Dalle S, Touzet S, Ronger-Savlé S, Balme B, Thomas L| title=Dermoscopic features of acral lentiginous melanoma in a large series of 110 cases in a white population. | journal=Br J Dermatol | year= 2010 | volume= 162 | issue= 4 | pages= 765-71 | pmid=19922528 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09594.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19922528  }}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Macule
* Patch
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Dark brown to black
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Raised areas
* Ulceration
* Bleeding
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variable
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Palmar
* Plantar
* Subungual
* Mucosal surfaces
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Parallel-ridge pattern
* Irregular diffuse pigmentation
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Asymmetric proliferation of single melanocytes at dermoepidermal junction
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Most common among dark skinned individuals
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Amelanotic melanoma]]'''<ref name="pmid23197217">{{cite journal| author=Steglich RB, Meotti CD, Ferreira MS, Lovatto L, de Carvalho AV, de Castro CG| title=Dermoscopic clues in the diagnosis of amelanotic and hypomelanotic malignant melanoma. | journal=An Bras Dermatol | year= 2012 | volume= 87 | issue= 6 | pages= 920-3 | pmid=23197217 | doi= | pmc=3699915 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23197217  }}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Patch
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Skin color
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Slightly elevated borders
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Around 6 mm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Sun-exposed areas
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* No melanin pigmentation
 
* Dotted vessels
* linear irregular vessels
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Lesions not pigmented since they don't produce melanin
*
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Nevus|Common nevus]]<ref name="pmid20137743">{{cite journal| author=Witt C, Krengel S| title=Clinical and epidemiological aspects of subtypes of melanocytic nevi (Flat nevi, Miescher nevi, Unna nevi). | journal=Dermatol Online J | year= 2010 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 1 | pmid=20137743 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20137743  }}</ref>'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Dome-shaped  nodules
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Hypopigmented
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Smooth surface
* Terminal hairs  often present
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* 1 cm to > 20 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Sun-exposed areas above the waist
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Comma-shaped or curved vessels
* Structureless light brown background
* Residual brown thick circles around the hair follicles
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Multinucleated melanocytes
* Melanocytes diffusely infiltrate dermis
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Also called Miescher nevus
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Blue nevus]]'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Macules
* Papules
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Blue
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Smooth
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variable
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Head and neck,
* Dorsal aspect of the distal extremities
* Sacral area
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Structureless blue pigmentation
* Structureless blue and white or blue and brown on some occasions
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Proliferation of dendritic, dermal, melanin-producing melanocytes
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Also called Mongolian spots
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Spitz nevus'''<ref name="pmid22082838">{{cite journal| author=Luo S, Sepehr A, Tsao H| title=Spitz nevi and other Spitzoid lesions part I. Background and diagnoses. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2011 | volume= 65 | issue= 6 | pages= 1073-84 | pmid=22082838 | doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.040 | pmc=3217183 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22082838  }}</ref>
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Nonpigmented Spitz nevus'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Nodules
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Pink
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Smooth
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* < 1 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Cheek
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Coiled vessels
* White network over a pink to reddish background
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* In children and adolescents
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Reed-like Spitz'''<ref name="pmid27222770">{{cite journal| author=Pedrosa AF, Lopes JM, Azevedo F, Mota A| title=Spitz/Reed nevi: a review of clinical-dermatoscopic and histological correlation. | journal=Dermatol Pract Concept | year= 2016 | volume= 6 | issue= 2 | pages= 37-41 | pmid=27222770 | doi=10.5826/dpc.0602a07 | pmc=4866625 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27222770 }}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Papule
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Heavily pigmented
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Smooth
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* < 1 cm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Head and neck
* Upper and lower extremities
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Structureless black to gray center
* Hypopigmented follicular openings
* Peripheral streaks
* Pseudopods
* Globules
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Enlarged spindle melanocytes with polyangular form
* "Ground glass" cytoplasm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Most commonly develops in children, adolescents, and young adults.
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Solar lentigo]]'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Multiple spots
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Brown
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Smooth
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Around 5mm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Sun-exposed areas
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Faint pigmented fingerprint structures
* Structureless pattern
* Light brown pseudonetwork with well-defined borders and a "moth-eaten" edge
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* '''↑''' melanin deposition in keratinocytes
* '''↑''' linear arrangement of melanocytes at the dermoepidermal junction.
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Associated with UV exposure and skin aging
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Sebaceous hyperplasia]]'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Papules
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Skin-colored to brownish
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Umbilicated
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* 2 - 6 mm
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Forehead
* Nose
* Cheeks
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Structureless yellow to whitish center surrounded by short linear "crown vessels"
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Usually in middle-aged or older patients
|-
| colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Lichen planus-like keratosis'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Papule
* Plaque
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Gray to brown
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Prominent
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Variable
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Upper trunk
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Shows a coarse or fine, gray to blue, granular pigmentation
* Diffuse brownish gray granules
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Hypergranulosis
* Epidermal hyperplasia
* Superficial bandlike  infiltrate
* Melanophages
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Appearance depends on stage of evolution
|}
SCC in situ: Frequently, there is associated thickening of the epidermis (acanthosis), as well as hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis of the stratum corneum. In contrast to SCC in situ, actinic keratoses demonstrate only partial-thickness epidermal dysplasia.
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 15:09, 26 March 2021


Cardiac surgery[1]

  1. ↑ Aya HD, Cecconi M, Hamilton M, Rhodes A (2013). "Goal-directed therapy in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Br J Anaesth. 110 (4): 510–7. doi:10.1093/bja/aet020. PMID 23447502.
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