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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Tuberculosis}}
{{Tuberculosis}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AL}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Mashal Awais}}; {{AL}}


==Overwiew==
==Overview==
MRI is indicated for the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary [[tuberculosis]], such as [[Tuberculous meningitis|CNS tuberculosis]], [[parotid gland]] tuberculosis [[Osteoarticular pain|osteoarticular]] [[tuberculosis]], and [[Pott's disease]].


==MRI==
==MRI==
*MRI is most commonly used in cases of CNS infection with tuberculosis.
====CNS Tuberculosis====
*The following findings may be seen in CNS tuberculosis:
 
:*
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is often ordered in case of [[CNS infection]] with [[tuberculosis]].
:*
*The following findings may be seen in CNS tuberculosis:<ref name="BurrillWilliams2007">{{cite journal|last1=Burrill|first1=Joshua|last2=Williams|first2=Christopher J.|last3=Bain|first3=Gillian|last4=Conder|first4=Gabriel|last5=Hine|first5=Andrew L.|last6=Misra|first6=Rakesh R.|title=Tuberculosis: A Radiologic Review1|journal=RadioGraphics|volume=27|issue=5|year=2007|pages=1255–1273|issn=0271-5333|doi=10.1148/rg.275065176}}</ref>
===Parotid Gland Tuberculosis===
 
* Tuberculosis infection of the parotid gland con mimic a parotid neoplasm.
:*Ring-enhancing mass in T2 and hypodense lesion in case of a non-caseating [[tuberculoma]].
*The MRI shown below reveals a well-defined mass lesion, measuring 16 × 21 × 30 mm in size, hypointense on T1-weighted images, and hyperintense on T2-weighted images with homogenous contrast enhancement, located in the posterior part of the superficial lobe of the right parotid gland.<ref name="BirkentKarahatay2008">{{cite journal|last1=Birkent|first1=Hakan|last2=Karahatay|first2=Serdar|last3=Akcam|first3=Timur|last4=Durmaz|first4=Abdullah|last5=Ongoru|first5=Onder|title=Primary parotid tuberculosis mimicking parotid neoplasm: a case report|journal=Journal of Medical Case Reports|volume=2|issue=1|year=2008|pages=62|issn=1752-1947|doi=10.1186/1752-1947-2-62}}</ref>
:*A [[caseating]] [[Tuberculosis|tuberculoma]] can show a hypodense lesion in both T1 and T2.
:*Cerebral edema
:*Diffuse enhancement in case of meningitis
 
{|
|[[Image: Tuberculoma CNS.jpg|thumb|300px|left|CNS Tuberculoma<br>Image courtesy of Dr Praveen Jha, [http://www.Radiopaedia.org Radiopedia]. (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/tuberculoma here)] [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]]]
|[[Image: Tuberculoma CNS 2.jpg|thumb|300px|left|CNS Tuberculoma<br>Image courtesy of Dr Praveen Jha, [http://www.Radiopaedia.org Radiopedia]. (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/tuberculoma here)] [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]]]
|}
 
====Pott's Disease====
 
*[[Spinal Arthritis|Spinal]] [[MRI]] is the imaging test of choice in case of [[tuberculosis]] involving [[spine]].
*Findings include: <ref name="pmid24887691">{{cite journal| author=Torres C, Riascos R, Figueroa R, Gupta RK| title=Central nervous system tuberculosis. | journal=Top Magn Reson Imaging | year= 2014 | volume= 23 | issue= 3 | pages= 173-89 | pmid=24887691 | doi=10.1097/RMR.0000000000000023 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24887691  }} </ref>
 
:*[[Endplates|Endplate]] irregularity
:*Irregular anterior aspect of the [[vertebral bodies]]
:*[[Edema]] and [[enhancement]] of the bone marrow
:*Destruction of the [[Body of vertebra|vertebral body]] in severe cases
 
{|
|[[Image: Spinal TB MRI.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Spinal Tuberculosis<br>Image courtesy of Dr Hani Salam, [http://www.Radiopaedia.org Radiopedia]. (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pott-s-disease here)] [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]]]
|[[Image: Spinal TB MRI 2.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Spinal Tuberculosis<br>Image courtesy of Dr Hani Salam, [http://www.Radiopaedia.org Radiopedia]. (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pott-s-disease here)] [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]]]
|[[Image: Spinal TB MRI 3.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Spinal Tuberculosis<br>Image courtesy of Dr Hani Salam, [http://www.Radiopaedia.org Radiopedia]. (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pott-s-disease here)] [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]]]
|}
 
====Osteoarticular Tuberculosis====
 
*Abnormal findings on [[MRI]] in [[Osteoarticular pain|osteoarticular]] [[tuberculosis]] include:<ref name="pmid25163241">{{cite journal| author=Grubisić F, Borić I, Segota A, Kruslin B, Grazio S| title=An unusual manifestation of osteoarticular tuberculosis: case report. | journal=Acta Clin Croat | year= 2014 | volume= 53 | issue= 2 | pages= 237-41 | pmid=25163241 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25163241  }} </ref>
 
:*[[Demineralization]]
 
:*Joint space narrowing
 
:*[[Bone]] and [[cartilage]] erosion
 
:*[[Calcifications]]
 
====Parotid Gland Tuberculosis====
 
*[[Tuberculosis]] [[infection]] of the [[parotid gland]] may resemble a [[Parotid gland|parotid]] [[neoplasm.]]
*The [[MRI]] shown below reveals a well-defined [[mass]] lesion, measuring 16 × 21 × 30 mm in size, [[hypointense]] on T1-weighted images, and [[hyperintense]] on T2-weighted images with homogenous contrast enhancement, present in the posterior part of the superficial lobe of the right [[parotid gland]].<ref name="BirkentKarahatay2008">{{cite journal|last1=Birkent|first1=Hakan|last2=Karahatay|first2=Serdar|last3=Akcam|first3=Timur|last4=Durmaz|first4=Abdullah|last5=Ongoru|first5=Onder|title=Primary parotid tuberculosis mimicking parotid neoplasm: a case report|journal=Journal of Medical Case Reports|volume=2|issue=1|year=2008|pages=62|issn=1752-1947|doi=10.1186/1752-1947-2-62}}</ref>
 
{|
{|
|[[Image:Parotid-gland-tuberculosis.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.]]
|[[Image:Parotid-gland-tuberculosis.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.]]
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}


[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category: Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category: Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Primary care]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 23:43, 26 March 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mashal Awais, M.D.[2]; Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [3]

Overview

MRI is indicated for the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, such as CNS tuberculosis, parotid gland tuberculosis osteoarticular tuberculosis, and Pott's disease.

MRI

CNS Tuberculosis

  • Ring-enhancing mass in T2 and hypodense lesion in case of a non-caseating tuberculoma.
  • A caseating tuberculoma can show a hypodense lesion in both T1 and T2.
  • Cerebral edema
  • Diffuse enhancement in case of meningitis
CNS Tuberculoma
Image courtesy of Dr Praveen Jha, Radiopedia. (original file here) Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
CNS Tuberculoma
Image courtesy of Dr Praveen Jha, Radiopedia. (original file here) Creative Commons BY-SA-NC

Pott's Disease

Spinal Tuberculosis
Image courtesy of Dr Hani Salam, Radiopedia. (original file here) Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
Spinal Tuberculosis
Image courtesy of Dr Hani Salam, Radiopedia. (original file here) Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
Spinal Tuberculosis
Image courtesy of Dr Hani Salam, Radiopedia. (original file here) Creative Commons BY-SA-NC

Osteoarticular Tuberculosis

  • Joint space narrowing

Parotid Gland Tuberculosis

Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.

References

  1. ↑ Burrill, Joshua; Williams, Christopher J.; Bain, Gillian; Conder, Gabriel; Hine, Andrew L.; Misra, Rakesh R. (2007). "Tuberculosis: A Radiologic Review1". RadioGraphics. 27 (5): 1255–1273. doi:10.1148/rg.275065176. ISSN 0271-5333.
  2. ↑ Torres C, Riascos R, Figueroa R, Gupta RK (2014). "Central nervous system tuberculosis". Top Magn Reson Imaging. 23 (3): 173–89. doi:10.1097/RMR.0000000000000023. PMID 24887691.
  3. ↑ Grubisić F, Borić I, Segota A, Kruslin B, Grazio S (2014). "An unusual manifestation of osteoarticular tuberculosis: case report". Acta Clin Croat. 53 (2): 237–41. PMID 25163241.
  4. ↑ Birkent, Hakan; Karahatay, Serdar; Akcam, Timur; Durmaz, Abdullah; Ongoru, Onder (2008). "Primary parotid tuberculosis mimicking parotid neoplasm: a case report". Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2 (1): 62. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-2-62. ISSN 1752-1947.

Template:WH Template:WS

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