Third degree AV block causes: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
 
(32 intermediate revisions by 8 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Third degree AV block}}
{{Third degree AV block}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CZ}}; {{RT}}; {{Hilda}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Soroush}} {{CZ}}; {{RT}}; {{Hilda}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Many conditions can cause third degree heart block, but the most common cause is [[coronary ischemia]]. Progressive degeneration of the electrical conduction system of the heart can lead to third degree heart block. In addition, [[myocardial infarction|acute myocardial infarction]] may present with third degree AV block.<br>Third degree heart block may also be [[congenital]] and has been linked to the presence of [[lupus erythematosus|lupus]] in the mother. The cause of congenital third degree heart block in many patients is unknown.
[[Atrioventricular block]] can be due to congenital or acquired causes. The latter are  much more common form and include [[infectious]], [[inflammatory]], [[degenerative]], [[ischemic]], and [[iatrogenic]] causes. The  degenerative cause are associated  with increased age, [[chronic]] [[hypertension]], and [[diabetes mellitus]]. [[Infectious]] cause of [[atrioventricular block]] such as [[lyme]] [[carditis]] may be reversible with [[medical therapy]]. Another reversible cause of [[atrioventricular block]] including [[ischemic]] [[inferior wall MI]] due to [[vagotonic]] effect should be considered.


==Causes==
==Causes==
The [[causes]] of third degree heart block can be broadly divided into [[acquired]] and [[congenital]]. Many of the [[acquired]] [[causes]] are the result of [[Infiltration (medical)|Infiltration]], [[fibrosis]], or loss of connection in the [[Conduction system disease|heart conduction system]] that can tend to develop [[heart block]].
===[[Congenital]] form of [[complete heart block]]===
* Usually occurs at [[Atrioventricular node|AVN]]. [[Patients]] are intially [[asymptomatic]] but may [[symptomatic]] during exertion. Mostly associated with [[maternal antibodies]] to [[SS-A]] (Ro) and [[SS-B]] (La).
===Common causes of acquired [[AV block ]] are as follows===
* '''[[Ischemia]] or [[infarction]]:'''
:* AV node (AVN) block associated with [[Myocardial infarction|inferior wall myocardial infarction]] (MI)
:*[[His-Purkinje fibers|His-Purkinje]] block associated with [[MI|anterior wall MI]]
*'''Drugs''':
:* Most of the [[antiarrhythmics]] like [[quinidine]], , [[disopyramide]],[[procainamide]] [[flecainide]], [[encainide]], [[Beta blockers|beta-blockers]] [[propafenone]], , [[amiodarone]], [[sotalol]], [[dofetilide]], [[ibutilide]], [[Calcium channel blocker|calcium channel blockers]], [[Digoxin]] and other cardiac [[glycosides]].
* '''Infectious disease:'''
:*[[Lyme borreliosis]] (mostly in endemic areas)
:*[[Myocarditis]]
:*[[Aspergillus]] [[myocarditis]]
:*[[Chagas disease]]: [[Trypanosoma cruzi infection|''Trypanosoma cruzi'' infection]]
:*[[Varicella-zoster virus|Varicella-zoster virus infection]]
:*Valve ring abscess
*'''Degenerative diseases:'''
:*[[Lenègre's disease|Lenègre disease]] (sclerodegenerative process involving only the conduction system)
:*[[Lev's disease]] (calcification of the conduction system and valves)
:*[[Noncompaction cardiomyopathy]]
:*[[Nail-patella syndrome]]
:*[[Mitochondrial myopathy]]
*
* '''Rheumatic diseases:'''
:*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
:*[[Reiter's syndrome|Reiter syndrome]]
:*[[Relapsing polychondritis]]
:*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
:*[[Rheumatic fever]]
:*[[Scleroderma]]
* '''Infiltrative pathologies:'''
:*[[Amyloidosis]]
:*[[Sarcoidosis]]
:*[[Malignant]] or [[benign tumors]]
:*[[Hodgkin's lymphoma|Hodgkin lymphoma]]
:*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*'''Neuromuscular disorders:'''
:*[[Becker's muscular dystrophy|Becker muscular dystrophy]]
:*[[Myotonic dystrophy]]
*
* '''Metabolic abnormality:'''
:*[[Hypoxia]]
:*[[Hyperkalemia]]
:*[[Hypothyroidism]]<ref name="OzcanOsmonov2012">{{cite journal|last1=Ozcan|first1=Kazim Serhan|last2=Osmonov|first2=Damirbek|last3=Erdinler|first3=Izzet|last4=Altay|first4=Servet|last5=Yildirim|first5=Ersin|last6=Turkkan|first6=Ceyhan|last7=Hasdemir|first7=Hakan|last8=Cakmak|first8=Nazmiye|last9=Alper|first9=Ahmet Taha|last10=Satilmis|first10=Seckin|last11=Gurkan|first11=Kadir|title=Atrioventricular block in patients with thyroid dysfunction: Prognosis after treatment with hormone supplementation or antithyroid medication|journal=Journal of Cardiology|volume=60|issue=4|year=2012|pages=327–332|issn=09145087|doi=10.1016/j.jjcc.2012.05.012}}</ref>
* '''Toxins:'''
:*[[Grayanotoxin]]:“Mad” honey
:*Natural cardiac [[glycosides]] such as oleandrin
* '''Bradycardia-related block'''
* '''Iatrogenic heart block'''
:*[[Aortic valve surgery - minimally invasive (patient information)|Aortic valve surgery]]
:*Septal alcohol ablation
:*[[Percutaneous coronary intervention]] (PCI) to the [[left anterior descending artery]]
:*[[Ablation]] of the slow or fast pathway of the [[AVN]]
:*[[Ablation]] of accessory pathways near [[AVN]]
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
Third degree heart block is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes.  Life-threatening conditions  can result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Third degree heart block is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes.  Life-threatening conditions  can result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Line 16: Line 94:
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Valvular heart disease]]
*[[Valvular heart disease]]
===Medications inducing [[bradycardia ]] or [[conduction disorder]]===
<br />
{| class="wikitable"
|+Medications that Can Induce/Exacerbate Bradycardia or Conduction Disorders<ref name=":0" />
!Anti-hypertensive
!Anti-arrhythmic
!Psychoactive
!Other
|-
|• Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers
• [[Clonidine HCL|Clonidine]]
• [[Methyldopa]]
• Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
• [[Reserpine]]
|• [[Adenosine]]                                  .                                                                                     
• [[Amiodarone]]
• [[Dronedarone]]
• [[Flecainide]]
• [[Procainamide]]
• [[Propafenone]]
• [[Quinidine]]
• [[Sotalol]]
|• [[Donepezil]]
• [[Lithium]]
• Opioid analgesics
• Phenothiazine antiemetics and antipsychotics
• [[Phenytoin]]
• [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor]]<nowiki/>s
• Tricyclic Antidepressants
|• Anesthetic Drugs [[Propofol|(propofol]])
• [[Cannabis (drug) detailed information|Cannabis]] • Digoxin
• [[Ivabradine]]
• Muscle relaxants (e.g. [[succinylcholine]])
|}


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acute rheumatic fever]], [[amyloidosis]], |[[aspergillosis|aspergillosis myocarditis]], [[atrial septal defect]], [[bacterial endocarditis]], [[congenital heart |block]],<ref name="www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Congenital complete atrioventricular |block. | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC325472/ | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 21 August 2013 | |}}</ref>  [[coronary ischemia]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Ebstein's anomaly]], [[endocardial cushion defect]],  |[[hypertension]],<ref name="pmid18174773">{{cite journal |author=Lionakis N, Moyssakis I, Gialafos E, Dalianis N, Votteas V |title=Aortic dissection and third-degree atrioventricular block in a patient with a hypertensive crisis |journal=J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=69–72 |year=2008 |month=January |pmid=18174773 |doi= |url=}}</ref> [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]],  [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy alcohol septal ablation]],<ref name="pmid23363714">{{cite journal |author=Liu R, Qiao SB, Hu FH, Yang WX, Yuan JS |title=[Clinical features of five patients with delayed third degree atrioventricular block after ethanol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy] |language=Chinese |journal=Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi |volume=40 |issue=12 |pages=1009–11 |year=2012 |month=December |pmid=23363714 |doi= |url=}}</ref> [[heart block|idiopathic heart block]],<ref name="pmid22068075">{{cite journal |author=Sykes JA, Lubega J, Ezetendu C, Verma R, O'Connor B, Kalyanaraman M |title=Asymptomatic complete atrioventricular block in a 13-year-old girl |journal=Pediatr Emerg Care |volume=27 |issue=11 |pages=1081–3 |year=2011 |month=November |pmid=22068075 |doi=10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182360674 |url=}}</ref><ref name="www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = |Idiopathic heart block: association with vitiligo, thyroid disease, pernicious anaemia, and diabetes mellitus. | url = |http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1675154/ | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 21 August 2013 }}</ref> |[[idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome]], [[mitochondrial myopathy]], [[myocardial infarction]],<ref name="pmid18274563">||  {{cite journal |author=Malla RR, Sayami A |title=In hospital complications and mortality of patients of inferior wall |myocardial infarction with right ventricular infarction |journal=JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc |volume=46 |issue=167 |pages=99–102 |year=2007 |pmid=18274563 |doi= |url=}}</ref> [[myocarditis]], [[noncompaction cardiomyopathy]], [[tetralogy of Fallot]], |[[transposition of the great vessels]], [[valvular heart disease]], [[ventricular septal defect]]
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acute rheumatic fever]], [[amyloidosis]], [[aspergillosis|aspergillosis myocarditis]], [[atrial septal defect]], [[bacterial endocarditis]], [[congenital heart block]],<ref name="www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Congenital complete atrioventricular |block. | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC325472/ | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 21 August 2013 | |}}</ref>  [[coronary ischemia]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Ebstein's anomaly]], [[endocardial cushion defect]],  [[hypertension]],<ref name="pmid18174773">{{cite journal |author=Lionakis N, Moyssakis I, Gialafos E, Dalianis N, Votteas V |title=Aortic dissection and third-degree atrioventricular block in a patient with a hypertensive crisis |journal=J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=69–72 |year=2008 |month=January |pmid=18174773 |doi= |url=}}</ref> [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]],  [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy alcohol septal ablation]],<ref name="pmid23363714">{{cite journal |author=Liu R, Qiao SB, Hu FH, Yang WX, Yuan JS |title=[Clinical features of five patients with delayed third degree atrioventricular block after ethanol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy] |language=Chinese |journal=Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi |volume=40 |issue=12 |pages=1009–11 |year=2012 |month=December |pmid=23363714 |doi= |url=}}</ref> [[heart block|idiopathic heart block]],<ref name="pmid22068075">{{cite journal |author=Sykes JA, Lubega J, Ezetendu C, Verma R, O'Connor B, Kalyanaraman M |title=Asymptomatic complete atrioventricular block in a 13-year-old girl |journal=Pediatr Emerg Care |volume=27 |issue=11 |pages=1081–3 |year=2011 |month=November |pmid=22068075 |doi=10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182360674 |url=}}</ref><ref name="www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = |Idiopathic heart block: association with vitiligo, thyroid disease, pernicious anaemia, and diabetes mellitus. | url = |http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1675154/ | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 21 August 2013 }}</ref> [[idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome]], [[mitochondrial myopathy]], [[myocardial infarction]],<ref name="pmid18274563">||  {{cite journal |author=Malla RR, Sayami A |title=In hospital complications and mortality of patients of inferior wall |myocardial infarction with right ventricular infarction |journal=JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc |volume=46 |issue=167 |pages=99–102 |year=2007 |pmid=18274563 |doi= |url=}}</ref> [[myocarditis]], [[noncompaction cardiomyopathy]], [[tetralogy of fallot]], [[transposition of the great vessels]], [[valvular heart disease]], [[ventricular septal defect]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
Line 35: Line 166:
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Beta-blocker]], [[calcium channel blocker]],<ref name="pmid18403171">{{cite journal |author=Wills BK, Liu JM, Wahl M |title=Third-degree AV block [from extended-release diltiazem ingestion in a nine-month-old |journal=J Emerg Med |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=328–31 |year=2010 |month=April |pmid=18403171 |doi=10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.10.053 |url=}}</ref> [[cardiac glycosides]], [[cholinesterase inhibitor]], [[digitalis]], [[procainamide]], [[quinidine]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Arsenic trioxide]], [[Beta-blocker]], [[calcium channel blocker]],<ref name="pmid18403171">{{cite journal |author=Wills BK, Liu JM, Wahl M |title=Third-degree AV block [from extended-release diltiazem ingestion in a nine-month-old |journal=J Emerg Med |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=328–31 |year=2010 |month=April |pmid=18403171 |doi=10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.10.053 |url=}}</ref> [[cardiac glycosides]], [[cholinesterase inhibitor]], [[digitalis]], [[procainamide]], [[quinidine]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
Line 68: Line 199:
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[aspergillosis|Aspergillosis myocarditis]], [[bacterial endocarditis]], [[Chagas disease]], [[diphtheria]],  
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[aspergillosis|Aspergillosis myocarditis]], [[bacterial endocarditis]], [[Chagas disease]], [[diphtheria]],  
[[lyme disease]],<ref name="pmid21125053">{{cite journal |author=Bhattacharya IS, Dweck M, Francis M |title=Lyme carditis: a |reversible cause of complete atrioventricular block |journal=J R Coll Physicians Edinb |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=121–2 |year=2010 |month=June |pmid=21125053 |doi=10.4997/JRCPE.2010.207 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20840915">{{cite journal |author=Wagner V, Zima E, Gellér L, Merkely B |title=[Acute atrioventricular block in chronic Lyme disease] |language=Hungarian |journal=Orv Hetil |volume=151 |issue=39 |pages=1585–90 |year=2010 |month=September |pmid=20840915 |doi=10.1556/OH.2010.28965 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20464556">{{cite journal |author=Semmler D, Blank R, Rupprecht H |title=Complete AV block in Lyme carditis: an important differential diagnosis |journal=Clin Res Cardiol |volume=99 |issue=8 |pages=519–26 |year=2010 |month=August |pmid=20464556 |doi=10.1007/s00392-010-0152-8 |url=}}</ref> [[varicella zoster]]    
[[lyme disease]],<ref name="pmid21125053">{{cite journal |author=Bhattacharya IS, Dweck M, Francis M |title=Lyme carditis: a |reversible cause of complete atrioventricular block |journal=J R Coll Physicians Edinb |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=121–2 |year=2010 |month=June |pmid=21125053 |doi=10.4997/JRCPE.2010.207 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20840915">{{cite journal |author=Wagner V, Zima E, Gellér L, Merkely B |title=[Acute atrioventricular block in chronic Lyme disease] |language=Hungarian |journal=Orv Hetil |volume=151 |issue=39 |pages=1585–90 |year=2010 |month=September |pmid=20840915 |doi=10.1556/OH.2010.28965 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20464556">{{cite journal |author=Semmler D, Blank R, Rupprecht H |title=Complete AV block in Lyme carditis: an important differential diagnosis |journal=Clin Res Cardiol |volume=99 |issue=8 |pages=519–26 |year=2010 |month=August |pmid=20464556 |doi=10.1007/s00392-010-0152-8 |url=}}</ref> [[varicella zoster]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
Line 191: Line 322:
*[[Scleroderma]]<ref name="pmid20920962">{{cite journal |author=Femenía F, Arce M, Arrieta M |title=[Systemic sclerosis complicated with syncope and complete AV block] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Medicina (B Aires) |volume=70 |issue=5 |pages=442–4 |year=2010 |pmid=20920962 |doi= |url=}}</ref>,
*[[Scleroderma]]<ref name="pmid20920962">{{cite journal |author=Femenía F, Arce M, Arrieta M |title=[Systemic sclerosis complicated with syncope and complete AV block] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Medicina (B Aires) |volume=70 |issue=5 |pages=442–4 |year=2010 |pmid=20920962 |doi= |url=}}</ref>,
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Tetralogy of Fallot]]
*[[Tetralogy of fallot]]
*[[Thalassemia major]]<ref name="pmid23056897">{{cite journal |author=Maleki AR, Nikyar B, Hosseini SM |title=Third-Degree Heart Block in Thalassemia major: A Case Report |journal=Iran J Pediatr |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=260–4 |year=2012 |month=June |pmid=23056897 |pmc=3446065 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*[[Thalassemia major]]<ref name="pmid23056897">{{cite journal |author=Maleki AR, Nikyar B, Hosseini SM |title=Third-Degree Heart Block in Thalassemia major: A Case Report |journal=Iran J Pediatr |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=260–4 |year=2012 |month=June |pmid=23056897 |pmc=3446065 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*[[Transposition of the great vessels]]
*[[Transposition of the great vessels]]
Line 208: Line 339:
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]


Latest revision as of 04:47, 22 July 2021

Third degree AV block Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Third degree AV block from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X Ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Third degree AV block causes On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Third degree AV block causes

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Third degree AV block causes

CDC on Third degree AV block causes

Third degree AV block causes in the news

Blogs on Third degree AV block causes

Directions to Hospitals Treating Third degree AV block

Risk calculators and risk factors for Third degree AV block causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [4]; Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H.[5]

Overview

Atrioventricular block can be due to congenital or acquired causes. The latter are much more common form and include infectious, inflammatory, degenerative, ischemic, and iatrogenic causes. The degenerative cause are associated with increased age, chronic hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Infectious cause of atrioventricular block such as lyme carditis may be reversible with medical therapy. Another reversible cause of atrioventricular block including ischemic inferior wall MI due to vagotonic effect should be considered.

Causes

The causes of third degree heart block can be broadly divided into acquired and congenital. Many of the acquired causes are the result of Infiltration, fibrosis, or loss of connection in the heart conduction system that can tend to develop heart block.

Congenital form of complete heart block

Common causes of acquired AV block are as follows

  • Drugs:
  • Infectious disease:


  • Degenerative diseases:
  • Rheumatic diseases:
  • Infiltrative pathologies:
  • Neuromuscular disorders:
  • Metabolic abnormality:


  • Toxins:
  • Bradycardia-related block
  • Iatrogenic heart block

Life Threatening Causes

Third degree heart block is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes. Life-threatening conditions can result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes


Medications inducing bradycardia or conduction disorder


Medications that Can Induce/Exacerbate Bradycardia or Conduction Disorders[3]
Anti-hypertensive Anti-arrhythmic Psychoactive Other
• Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers

• Clonidine

• Methyldopa

• Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers

• Reserpine

• Adenosine .

• Amiodarone

• Dronedarone

• Flecainide

• Procainamide

• Propafenone

• Quinidine

• Sotalol

• Donepezil

• Lithium

• Opioid analgesics

• Phenothiazine antiemetics and antipsychotics

• Phenytoin

• Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

• Tricyclic Antidepressants

• Anesthetic Drugs (propofol)

• Cannabis • Digoxin

• Ivabradine

• Muscle relaxants (e.g. succinylcholine)

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Acute rheumatic fever, amyloidosis, aspergillosis myocarditis, atrial septal defect, bacterial endocarditis, congenital heart block,[4] coronary ischemia, dilated cardiomyopathy, Ebstein's anomaly, endocardial cushion defect, hypertension,[5] hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy alcohol septal ablation,[6] idiopathic heart block,[7][4] idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, mitochondrial myopathy, myocardial infarction,[2] myocarditis, noncompaction cardiomyopathy, tetralogy of fallot, transposition of the great vessels, valvular heart disease, ventricular septal defect
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Arsenic trioxide, Beta-blocker, calcium channel blocker,[8] cardiac glycosides, cholinesterase inhibitor, digitalis, procainamide, quinidine
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Amyloidosis, hyperthyroidism,[9]
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Erb's dystrophy, Kearns-Sayre syndrome, nail-patella syndrome
Hematologic Thalassemia major[10]
Iatrogenic Cardiac surgery
Infectious Disease Aspergillosis myocarditis, bacterial endocarditis, Chagas disease, diphtheria,

lyme disease,[11][12][13] varicella zoster

Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Enhanced vagal tone, idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome
Nutritional/Metabolic Amyloidosis, hemochromatosis
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Hodgkin disease, multiple myeloma, tumor[14][15]
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity Alcohol intoxication[16][17]
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Hyperkalemia
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Amyloidosis, ankylosing spondylitis, Becker muscular dystrophy, Churg-Strauss syndrome,[18] degenerative diseases, dermatomyositis, Erb's dystrophy, idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, muscular dystrophy[19] myotonic muscular dystrophy, peroneal muscular atrophy, Reiter's syndrome, relapsing polychondritis,sarcoidosis, scleroderma,[20] neonatal lupus erythematosus
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Trauma[21][22]

Third degree AV block causes developed by WikiDoc.org

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ Ozcan, Kazim Serhan; Osmonov, Damirbek; Erdinler, Izzet; Altay, Servet; Yildirim, Ersin; Turkkan, Ceyhan; Hasdemir, Hakan; Cakmak, Nazmiye; Alper, Ahmet Taha; Satilmis, Seckin; Gurkan, Kadir (2012). "Atrioventricular block in patients with thyroid dysfunction: Prognosis after treatment with hormone supplementation or antithyroid medication". Journal of Cardiology. 60 (4): 327–332. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2012.05.012. ISSN 0914-5087.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Malla RR, Sayami A (2007). "In hospital complications and mortality of patients of inferior wall myocardial infarction with right ventricular infarction". JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 46 (167): 99–102. PMID 18274563.
  3. ↑
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Congenital complete atrioventricular". Retrieved 21 August 2013. Text "block. " ignored (help)
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lionakis N, Moyssakis I, Gialafos E, Dalianis N, Votteas V (2008). "Aortic dissection and third-degree atrioventricular block in a patient with a hypertensive crisis". J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 10 (1): 69–72. PMID 18174773. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Liu R, Qiao SB, Hu FH, Yang WX, Yuan JS (2012). "[Clinical features of five patients with delayed third degree atrioventricular block after ethanol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]". Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi (in Chinese). 40 (12): 1009–11. PMID 23363714. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Sykes JA, Lubega J, Ezetendu C, Verma R, O'Connor B, Kalyanaraman M (2011). "Asymptomatic complete atrioventricular block in a 13-year-old girl". Pediatr Emerg Care. 27 (11): 1081–3. doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182360674. PMID 22068075. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Wills BK, Liu JM, Wahl M (2010). "Third-degree AV block [from extended-release diltiazem ingestion in a nine-month-old". J Emerg Med. 38 (3): 328–31. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.10.053. PMID 18403171. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Amasyalı B, Barçın C, Kılıç A (2011). "[Supra-His complete atrioventricular block in a patient with subclinical hyperthyroidism]". Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars (in Turkish). 39 (8): 693–6. PMID 22257810. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Maleki AR, Nikyar B, Hosseini SM (2012). "Third-Degree Heart Block in Thalassemia major: A Case Report". Iran J Pediatr. 22 (2): 260–4. PMC 3446065. PMID 23056897. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Bhattacharya IS, Dweck M, Francis M (2010). "Lyme carditis: a". J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 40 (2): 121–2. doi:10.4997/JRCPE.2010.207. PMID 21125053. Text "reversible cause of complete atrioventricular block " ignored (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Wagner V, Zima E, Gellér L, Merkely B (2010). "[Acute atrioventricular block in chronic Lyme disease]". Orv Hetil (in Hungarian). 151 (39): 1585–90. doi:10.1556/OH.2010.28965. PMID 20840915. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Semmler D, Blank R, Rupprecht H (2010). "Complete AV block in Lyme carditis: an important differential diagnosis". Clin Res Cardiol. 99 (8): 519–26. doi:10.1007/s00392-010-0152-8. PMID 20464556. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Frikha Z, Abid L, Abid D; et al. (2011). "Cardiac tamponade and paroxysmal third-degree atrioventricular block revealing a primary cardiac non-Hodgkin large B-cell lymphoma of the right ventricle: a case report". J Med Case Rep. 5: 433. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-5-433. PMC 3180417. PMID 21892927.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Houchaymi Z, Helou S, Ballout J (2010). "[Pericardial tamponade and third-degree atrioventricular block revealing a primary cardiac lymphoma]". Rev Med Interne (in French). 31 (11): e4–6. doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2010.01.014. PMID 20605278. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 van Cleef AN, Schuurman MJ, Busari JO (2011). "Third-degree atrioventricular block in an adolescent following acute alcohol intoxication". BMJ Case Rep. 2011. doi:10.1136/bcr.07.2011.4547. PMID 22679160.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Brvar M, Bunc M (2009). "High-degree atrioventricular block in acute ethanol poisoning: a case report". Cases J. 2: 8559. doi:10.4076/1757-1626-2-8559. PMC 2769457. PMID 19918387.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Tian Z, Fang Q, Zhao DC; et al. (2010). "[The clinico-pathological manifestation of cardiac involvement in eosinophilic diseases]". Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi (in Chinese). 49 (8): 684–7. PMID 20979789. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Facenda-Lorenzo M, Hernández-Afonso J, Rodríguez-Esteban M, de León-Hernández JC, Grillo-Pérez JJ (2012). "Cardiac Manifestations in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Patients Followed Using a Standard Protocol in a Specialized Unit". Rev Esp Cardiol. doi:10.1016/j.recesp.2012.08.011. PMID 23194837. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Femenía F, Arce M, Arrieta M (2010). "[Systemic sclerosis complicated with syncope and complete AV block]". Medicina (B Aires) (in Spanish; Castilian). 70 (5): 442–4. PMID 20920962.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Thakar S, Chandra P, Pednekar M, Kabalkin C, Shani J (2012). "Complete heart block following a blow on the chest by a soccer ball: a rare manifestation of commotio cordis". Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 17 (3): 280–2. doi:10.1111/j.1542-474X.2012.00518.x. PMID 22816548. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Portet N, Riu B, Bounes V, Minville V, Fourcade O (2012). "Left ventricular-right atrial communication with third-degree atrioventricular block after thoracic trauma". J Emerg Med. 43 (6): e385–8. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2010.11.059. PMID 21621364. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Third_degree_AV_block_causes&oldid=1708069"