Human papillomavirus screening: Difference between revisions

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{{Human papillomavirus}}
{{Human papillomavirus}}
==Overview==  
==Overview==  
High-risk [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] types are associated with 70% of [[Cervical cancer|cervical cancers]] in females having persistent infection.<ref name=CDC4>http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hpv.html#epi Accessed on October 13, 2016</ref> Due to this strong association between [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] and [[cervical cancer]], [[cervical cancer]] screening is recommended in all females from age 21. According to the [[US Preventive Services Task Force]] (USPSTF), specific screening guidelines for cervical cancer includes screening all females from age 21 to 65 for [[cervical cancer]].<ref name="pmid22711081">{{cite journal| author=Moyer VA, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force| title=Screening for cervical cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 2012 | volume= 156 | issue= 12 | pages= 880-91, W312 | pmid=22711081 | doi=10.7326/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-00424 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22711081  }} </ref><ref name="pmid25302174">{{cite journal| author=McGraw SL, Ferrante JM| title=Update on prevention and screening of cervical cancer. | journal=World J Clin Oncol | year= 2014 | volume= 5 | issue= 4 | pages= 744-52 | pmid=25302174 | doi=10.5306/wjco.v5.i4.744 | pmc=4129537 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25302174  }} </ref>


==Screening==
==Screening==
According to the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), screening guidelines for human papillomavirus infection leading to cervical cancer is described below:
High-risk [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] types are associated with 70% of [[Cervical cancer|cervical cancers]] in females having persistent infection.<ref name=CDC4>http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hpv.html#epi Accessed on October 13, 2016</ref> Due to this strong association between [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] and [[cervical cancer]], [[cervical cancer]] screening is recommended in all females from age 21. According to the [[US Preventive Services Task Force]] (USPSTF), specific screening guidelines for cervical cancer is described below:<ref name="pmid22711081">{{cite journal| author=Moyer VA, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force| title=Screening for cervical cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 2012 | volume= 156 | issue= 12 | pages= 880-91, W312 | pmid=22711081 | doi=10.7326/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-00424 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22711081  }} </ref><ref name="pmid25302174">{{cite journal| author=McGraw SL, Ferrante JM| title=Update on prevention and screening of cervical cancer. | journal=World J Clin Oncol | year= 2014 | volume= 5 | issue= 4 | pages= 744-52 | pmid=25302174 | doi=10.5306/wjco.v5.i4.744 | pmc=4129537 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25302174  }} </ref><ref name="pmid34292926">{{cite journal| author=Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny CA, Park I | display-authors=etal| title=Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. | journal=MMWR Recomm Rep | year= 2021 | volume= 70 | issue= 4 | pages= 1-187 | pmid=34292926 | doi=10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1 | pmc=8344968 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=34292926  }} </ref>
 
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
|+
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 150px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Population}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 350px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Recommendations}}
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | Women 21 to 65 (pap Smear)
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Screen every 3 years
*[[Cytology]] with [[pap smear]]
*[[United states preventive services task force recommendations scheme#USPSTF Grade Definitions|Grade A recommendation]]
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |  Women aged 30-65
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
 
*Screen every 3 years ([[cytology]] with [[pap smear]])
*Screen every 5 years ([[pap smear]] with [[HPV test|HPV testing]])<ref name="pmidPMID: 18378945">{{cite journal| author=Datta SD, Koutsky LA, Ratelle S, Unger ER, Shlay J, McClain T et al.| title=Human papillomavirus infection and cervical cytology in women screened for cervical cancer in the United States, 2003-2005. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 2008 | volume= 148 | issue= 7 | pages= 493-500 | pmid=PMID: 18378945 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18378945  }} </ref>
*[[United states preventive services task force recommendations scheme#USPSTF Grade Definitions|Grade A recommendation]]
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | Women younger than 21
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Do not screen
*[[United states preventive services task force recommendations scheme#USPSTF Grade Definitions|Grade D recommendation]]
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | Women older than 65 (who have had adequate prior screening)
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Do not screen
*[[United states preventive services task force recommendations scheme#USPSTF Grade Definitions|Grade D recommendation]]
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | Women after hysterectomy with removal of cervix (no h/o high grade precancer or cervical cancer)
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Do not screen
*[[United states preventive services task force recommendations scheme#USPSTF Grade Definitions|Grade D recommendation]]
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | Women before age 30
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Do not screen with HPV testing
*[[United states preventive services task force recommendations scheme#USPSTF Grade Definitions|Grade D recommendation]]
|-
|}
 
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 01:48, 9 September 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]

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Overview

High-risk HPV types are associated with 70% of cervical cancers in females having persistent infection.[1] Due to this strong association between HPV and cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening is recommended in all females from age 21. According to the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), specific screening guidelines for cervical cancer includes screening all females from age 21 to 65 for cervical cancer.[2][3]

Screening

High-risk HPV types are associated with 70% of cervical cancers in females having persistent infection.[1] Due to this strong association between HPV and cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening is recommended in all females from age 21. According to the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), specific screening guidelines for cervical cancer is described below:[2][3][4]

Population Recommendations
Women 21 to 65 (pap Smear)
Women aged 30-65
Women younger than 21
Women older than 65 (who have had adequate prior screening)
Women after hysterectomy with removal of cervix (no h/o high grade precancer or cervical cancer)
Women before age 30

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hpv.html#epi Accessed on October 13, 2016
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Moyer VA, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2012). "Screening for cervical cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement". Ann Intern Med. 156 (12): 880–91, W312. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-00424. PMID 22711081.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 McGraw SL, Ferrante JM (2014). "Update on prevention and screening of cervical cancer". World J Clin Oncol. 5 (4): 744–52. doi:10.5306/wjco.v5.i4.744. PMC 4129537. PMID 25302174.
  4. ↑ Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny CA, Park I; et al. (2021). "Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021". MMWR Recomm Rep. 70 (4): 1–187. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1. PMC 8344968 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 34292926 Check |pmid= value (help).
  5. ↑ Datta SD, Koutsky LA, Ratelle S, Unger ER, Shlay J, McClain T; et al. (2008). "Human papillomavirus infection and cervical cytology in women screened for cervical cancer in the United States, 2003-2005". Ann Intern Med. 148 (7): 493–500. PMID 18378945 PMID: 18378945 Check |pmid= value (help).


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