Diabetic foot causes: Difference between revisions
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{{Diabetic foot}} | {{Diabetic foot}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Anahita}} | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Conditions such as [[neuropathy|peripheral neuropathy]] and [[ischemia]] are two common causes of [[diabetic foot]] [[ulcer]] formation. Decreased sensation due to [[neuropathy|peripheral neuropathy]] increase the risk of [[trauma]] which is another known cause of [[ulcer]] formation. [[Microorganisms]] such as [[staphylococcus aureus]], [[pseudomonas aeruginosa]], [[proteus mirabilis]], [[escherichia coli]] and [[bacteroides fragilis]] are responsible for [[diabetic foot]] [[ulcer]] [[infection]]. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Common Causes=== | ===Common Causes=== | ||
Common causes of [[diabetic foot]] may include:<ref name="pmid33551559">{{cite journal| author=Roberts AJ, Barry D, Yi-Frazier J, Rutman L, Pihoker C, Malik FS| title=Screening for Mental Health Comorbidities in a Pediatric Diabetes Clinic Setting. | journal=Clin Diabetes | year= 2021 | volume= 39 | issue= 1 | pages= 97-101 | pmid=33551559 | doi=10.2337/cd20-0037 | pmc=7839615 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=33551559 }} </ref><ref name="pmid11533815">{{cite journal| author=El-Tahawy AT| title=Bacteriology of diabetic foot. | journal=Saudi Med J | year= 2000 | volume= 21 | issue= 4 | pages= 344-7 | pmid=11533815 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11533815 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18603922">{{cite journal| author=Sharma VK, Khadka PB, Joshi A, Sharma R| title=Common pathogens isolated in diabetic foot infection in Bir Hospital. | journal=Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) | year= 2006 | volume= 4 | issue= 3 | pages= 295-301 | pmid=18603922 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18603922 }} </ref> | Common causes of [[diabetic foot]] may include:<ref name="pmid33551559">{{cite journal| author=Roberts AJ, Barry D, Yi-Frazier J, Rutman L, Pihoker C, Malik FS| title=Screening for Mental Health Comorbidities in a Pediatric Diabetes Clinic Setting. | journal=Clin Diabetes | year= 2021 | volume= 39 | issue= 1 | pages= 97-101 | pmid=33551559 | doi=10.2337/cd20-0037 | pmc=7839615 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=33551559 }} </ref><ref name="pmid11533815">{{cite journal| author=El-Tahawy AT| title=Bacteriology of diabetic foot. | journal=Saudi Med J | year= 2000 | volume= 21 | issue= 4 | pages= 344-7 | pmid=11533815 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11533815 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18603922">{{cite journal| author=Sharma VK, Khadka PB, Joshi A, Sharma R| title=Common pathogens isolated in diabetic foot infection in Bir Hospital. | journal=Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) | year= 2006 | volume= 4 | issue= 3 | pages= 295-301 | pmid=18603922 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18603922 }} </ref><ref name="Dinker R Pai2013">{{cite journal|last1=Dinker R Pai|first1=Simerjit Singh|title=Diabetic Foot Ulcer – Diagnosis and Management|journal=Clinical Research on Foot & Ankle|volume=01|issue=03|year=2013|issn=2329910X|doi=10.4172/2329-910X.1000120}}</ref> | ||
*[[neuropathy| | *[[neuropathy|Peripheral neuropathy]] | ||
*[[Ischemia]] from [[neuropathy|peripheral vascular disease]] | *[[Ischemia]] from [[neuropathy|peripheral vascular disease]] | ||
*Poor glycemic control | |||
*In the presence of [[diabetic foot]] [[infection]], the following are the most common causes of [[infections]]: | *In the presence of [[diabetic foot]] [[infection]], the following are the most common causes of [[infections]]: | ||
**[[Staphylococcus aureus]] | **[[Staphylococcus aureus]] | ||
| Line 17: | Line 15: | ||
**[[Proteus mirabilis]] | **[[Proteus mirabilis]] | ||
**[[Bacteroides fragilis]] | **[[Bacteroides fragilis]] | ||
**[[Escherichia coli]] (It | **[[Escherichia coli]] (It was the most common [[gram negative bacteria]] based on one study. ) | ||
*[[Trauma]] and [[burn]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | [[Category:Endocrinology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Up To Date]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:25, 17 September 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anahita Deylamsalehi, M.D.[2]
Overview
Conditions such as peripheral neuropathy and ischemia are two common causes of diabetic foot ulcer formation. Decreased sensation due to peripheral neuropathy increase the risk of trauma which is another known cause of ulcer formation. Microorganisms such as staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis, escherichia coli and bacteroides fragilis are responsible for diabetic foot ulcer infection.
Causes
Common Causes
Common causes of diabetic foot may include:[1][2][3][4]
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Ischemia from peripheral vascular disease
- Poor glycemic control
- In the presence of diabetic foot infection, the following are the most common causes of infections:
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Proteus mirabilis
- Bacteroides fragilis
- Escherichia coli (It was the most common gram negative bacteria based on one study. )
- Trauma and burn
References
- ↑ Roberts AJ, Barry D, Yi-Frazier J, Rutman L, Pihoker C, Malik FS (2021). "Screening for Mental Health Comorbidities in a Pediatric Diabetes Clinic Setting". Clin Diabetes. 39 (1): 97–101. doi:10.2337/cd20-0037. PMC 7839615 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 33551559 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ El-Tahawy AT (2000). "Bacteriology of diabetic foot". Saudi Med J. 21 (4): 344–7. PMID 11533815.
- ↑ Sharma VK, Khadka PB, Joshi A, Sharma R (2006). "Common pathogens isolated in diabetic foot infection in Bir Hospital". Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 4 (3): 295–301. PMID 18603922.
- ↑ Dinker R Pai, Simerjit Singh (2013). "Diabetic Foot Ulcer – Diagnosis and Management". Clinical Research on Foot & Ankle. 01 (03). doi:10.4172/2329-910X.1000120. ISSN 2329-910X.