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'''For patient information click [[Congenital heart disease(patient information)|here]]'''
__NOTOC__
{{Infobox_Disease |
  Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Caption        = Cross-section diagram of a normal human heart|
  DiseasesDB    = 9820 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|I|01|0|i|00}}, {{ICD10|I|09|2|i|05}}, {{ICD10|I|30||i|30}}-{{ICD10|I|32||i|30}} |
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|420.90}} |
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = 000182 |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  eMedicine_mult = |
  MeshName      = Congenital heart disease |
  MeshNumber    = C14.280.720 |
}}
{{Congenital heart disease}}
{{Congenital heart disease}}


{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh| Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:psingh@perfuse.org], [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu]; Atif Mohammad, M.D.; '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [mailto:kfeeney@perfuse.org]
'''For patient information, click [[Congenital heart disease(patient information)|here]]'''
 
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com] '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [mailto:kfeeney@elon.edu]
 
{{SK}} CHD; cardiac malformation


==[[Congenital heart disease overview|Overview]]==
==[[Congenital heart disease overview|Overview]]==
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, accounting for about 1% of all cases [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17051527/ <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>]. Although mild cases of CHD are not detected until after discharge, most of the critical CHD cases are identified soon after birth requiring surgery or catheter-based intervention in the first year of life. CHD is broadly classified into three major groups, namely, cyanotic CHD, ductal-dependent CHD and critical CHD. Cyanotic CHD involves defects that lead to mixing of deoxygenated blood into the systemic circulation. Ductal-dependent CHD relies on the patency of the ductus arteriosus for supply of blood to the pulmonary or systemic outflow which allows adequate mixing between the parallel circulations. Lesions requiring surgery or catheter-based intervention in the first year of life are referred to as critical CHD which includes ductal-dependent and cyanotic lesions, as well as forms of CHD that, although not requiring surgery in the neonatal period, do necessitate intervention in the first year of life, such as a big ventricular septal defect or an atrioventricular canal defect (or atrioventricular septal defect).


==[[Congenital heart disease congenital heart disease anatomy |Anatomy]]==
==[[Congenital heart disease congenital heart disease anatomy |Anatomy]]==


==[[Congenital heart disease pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Congenital heart disease classification|Classification]]==


==[[Congenital heart disease epidemiology and demographics |Epidemiology and Demographics ]]==
[[Aortic stenosis]] | [[Atrial septal defect]] (ASD) | [[Atrial septal defect sinus venosus]] | [[Atrioventricular canal]] | [[Atrioventricular septal defect]] (AVSD) | [[Bicuspid aortic valve]] | [[Brugada syndrome]] | [[Cardiomyopathy]] | [[Coarctation of the aorta]] (CoA) | [[dextro-Transposition of the great arteries]] (d-TGA) | [[Dextrocardia]] | [[Ebstein's anomaly]] | [[Hypoplastic left heart syndrome]] (HLHS) | [[Hypoplastic right heart syndrome]] | [[Interrupted aortic arch]] (IAA) | [[levo-Transposition of the great arteries]] (l-TGA) | [[Lutembacher's syndrome]] | [[Mitral stenosis]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium primum|Ostium primum]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum|Ostium secundum]] | [[Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection]] (PAPVC) | [[Patent ductus arteriosus]] (PDA) | [[Pulmonary atresia]] | [[Pulmonary stenosis]] | [[Septum primum]] | [[Subaortic stenosis]] | [[Tetralogy of Fallot]] (ToF) | [[Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection]] (TAPVC) | [[Tricuspid atresia]] | [[Truncus arteriosus]] | [[Ventricular septal defect]] (VSD)


==[[Congenital heart disease natural history, complications and prognosis | Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
==[[Congenital heart disease pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==[[Congenital heart disease causes | Causes]]==
==[[Congenital heart disease causes | Causes]]==


==[[Congenital heart disease differential diagnosis|Differential Diagnosis]]==
==[[Congenital heart disease differential diagnosis|Differentiating Congenital heart disease from other Disorders]]==


==Diagnosis==
==[[Congenital heart disease epidemiology and demographics |Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
[[Congenital heart disease diagnosis|General Diagnostic Information]] | [[Congenital heart disease history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Congenital heart disease laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Congenital heart disease electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Congenital heart disease chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Congenital heart disease MRI|MRI]] | [[Congenital heart disease CT|CT]] | [[Congenital heart disease echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Congenital heart disease other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]]


==Classifications==
==[[Congenital heart disease risk factors |Risk Factors]]==
[[Congenital heart disease septal|Septal]] | [[Congenital heart disease obstructive|Obstructive]] | [[Congenital heart disease cyanotic|Cyanotic]]


==Treatment==
==[[Congenital heart disease natural history, complications and prognosis | Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
[[Congenital heart disease medical therapy|Medical Therapy]]


==[[Congenital heart disease ACC/AHA guidelines for permanent pacing|ACC/AHA Guidelines for permanent pacing in patients with congenital heart disease]]==
==Diagnosis==
==[[Congenital heart disease ACC/AHA guidelines for management of adults|ACC/AHA Guidelines for management of adults with congenital heart disease]]==
[[Congenital heart disease diagnosis|Diagnostic Criteria]] | [[Congenital heart disease history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Congenital heart disease physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Congenital heart disease laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Congenital heart disease electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Congenital heart disease chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Congenital heart disease MRI|MRI]] | [[Congenital heart disease CT|CT]] | [[Congenital heart disease echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Congenital heart disease prenatal ultrasound|Prenatal Ultrasound]] | [[Congenital heart disease other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]]
==[[Congenital heart disease prevention|Prevention]]==
==[[Congenital heart disease outcomes|Outcomes]]==


==External links==
==Treatment==
*[http://my.clevelandclinic.org/heart/webchat/adult_congenital_heart_disease_webchat_transcript.aspx Cleveland Clinic Webchat - Adult Congenital Heart Disease Webchat with Dr. Richard Krasuski.]
[[Congenital heart disease medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Congenital heart disease surgery|Surgery]] | [[Congenital heart disease prevention|Prevention]] | [[Congenital heart disease outcomes|Outcomes]] | [[Congenital heart disease reproduction|Reproduction]]
*[http://my.clevelandclinic.org/heart/webchat/pettersson100307.aspx Cleveland Clinic Webchat - Adult Congenital Heart Disease Surgery Webchat with Dr. Gosta Pettersson.]
*[http://www.itsmyheart.org  It's My Heart Advocating for and Supporting those affected by Congenital Heart Defects - US Non-Profit under section 501(c)3.]
*[http://www.savinglittlehearts.com/ Saving Little Hearts]
*[http://www.card-ag.org Card-AG, The Cardiologycal Working Group of the University Pediatric Clinic Munster]
*[http://www.heartchest.org The Heart Chest]
*[http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=1200000 American Heart Association]
*[http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/681_1212.asp Congenital Heart Defect]
*[http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/congenitalheartdisease.html Treating Congenital Heart Disease]
*[http://www.bhf.org.uk/hearthealth/index.asp?secID=1&secondlevel=77&thirdlevel=362&artID=509 Coping with Congenital Heart Disease]
*[http://fetus.ucsfmedicalcenter.org/heart/ Fetal Treatment for Congenital Heart Disease (UCSF Fetal Treatment Center)]
*[http://www.eactscongenitaldb.org/ EACTS Congenital Database ― European database of cardiothoracic surgeries with publicly available reports]
*[http://www.achaheart.org/ Adult Congenital Heart Association]
*[http://www.tchin.org/  Congenital Heart Information Network ]
*[http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/antenna/tickers/ Fixing Tiny Tickers - Fetal heart surgery]
*[http://www.echocharity.org.uk/ Tiny Tickers - Antenatal congenital heart disease information]
*[http://www.cardiacdiseases.org Cardiacdiseases.org]
 
==Sources==
* The ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities <ref name="Epstein"> Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NAM III, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, Gillinov AM, Gregoratos G, Hammill SC, Hayes DL, Hlatky MA, Newby LK, Page RL, Schoenfeld MH, Silka MJ, Stevenson LW, Sweeney MO. ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices). Circulation. 2008; 117: 2820–2840. PMID 18483207 </ref>


==References==
==Case Studies==
1. [http://www.heartchest.org “The Heart Chest.” Non-profit Organization.]<br>
[[Congenital heart disease case study one|Case #1]]
2. [http://web7.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/1/1/1/purl=rc6_HRCA “Congenital Heart Disease.” Clinical Reference Systems. McKesson Health Solutions LLC , 2004. pg 783. Health Reference Center-Academic. Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.]<br>
3. [http://web7.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/1/1/1/purl=rc6_HRCA Jacob, Dawn A. “Patent Ductus Arteriosus.” Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. 2001. Health Reference Center-Academic . Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.]<br>
4. [http://web7.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/1/1/1/purl=rc6_HRCA Knopper, Melissa, and Teresa G Odle. “Congenital Heart Disease.” Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. 2004. Health Reference Center-Academic . 20 Feb. 2006.]<br>
5. [http://web7.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/1/1/1/purl=rc6_HRCA Washington, Reginald L. “Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.” Clinical Reference Systems. McKesson Health Solutions LLC , 2004. p 1724. Health Reference Center-Academic. Accessed: 20 Feb. 2006.]


{{Reflist|2}}
==Related Chapters==


[[es:Cardiopatía congénita]]
[[es:Cardiopatía congénita]]
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]

Latest revision as of 05:29, 21 October 2021

Congenital heart disease Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Anatomy

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Congenital heart disease from other Disorders

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

MRI

CT

Echocardiography

Prenatal Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

Outcomes

Reproduction

Case Studies

Case #1

Congenital heart disease On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Congenital heart disease

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X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Congenital heart disease

CDC on Congenital heart disease

Congenital heart disease in the news

Blogs on Congenital heart disease

Directions to Hospitals Treating Type page name here

Risk calculators and risk factors for Congenital heart disease

For patient information, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2] Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [3]

Synonyms and keywords: CHD; cardiac malformation

Overview

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, accounting for about 1% of all cases [4]. Although mild cases of CHD are not detected until after discharge, most of the critical CHD cases are identified soon after birth requiring surgery or catheter-based intervention in the first year of life. CHD is broadly classified into three major groups, namely, cyanotic CHD, ductal-dependent CHD and critical CHD. Cyanotic CHD involves defects that lead to mixing of deoxygenated blood into the systemic circulation. Ductal-dependent CHD relies on the patency of the ductus arteriosus for supply of blood to the pulmonary or systemic outflow which allows adequate mixing between the parallel circulations. Lesions requiring surgery or catheter-based intervention in the first year of life are referred to as critical CHD which includes ductal-dependent and cyanotic lesions, as well as forms of CHD that, although not requiring surgery in the neonatal period, do necessitate intervention in the first year of life, such as a big ventricular septal defect or an atrioventricular canal defect (or atrioventricular septal defect).

Anatomy

Classification

Aortic stenosis | Atrial septal defect (ASD) | Atrial septal defect sinus venosus | Atrioventricular canal | Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) | Bicuspid aortic valve | Brugada syndrome | Cardiomyopathy | Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) | dextro-Transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) | Dextrocardia | Ebstein's anomaly | Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) | Hypoplastic right heart syndrome | Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) | levo-Transposition of the great arteries (l-TGA) | Lutembacher's syndrome | Mitral stenosis | Ostium primum | Ostium secundum | Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) | Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) | Pulmonary atresia | Pulmonary stenosis | Septum primum | Subaortic stenosis | Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) | Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) | Tricuspid atresia | Truncus arteriosus | Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Congenital heart disease from other Disorders

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | MRI | CT | Echocardiography | Prenatal Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Prevention | Outcomes | Reproduction

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

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