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{{Gangrene}}
{{Gangrene}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} [[User:Edzelco|Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.]]
{{CMG}} {{AE}} [[User:Edzelco|Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.]]
==Overview==
[[Gangrene]] originated from a Greek word ''"sphacelus"'' that meant [[mortification]] of a [[human body]] part.<ref name="pmid19540438">{{cite journal| author=Christopoulou-Aletra H, Papavramidou N| title=The manifestation of "gangrene" in the Hippocratic corpus. | journal=Ann Vasc Surg | year= 2009 | volume= 23 | issue= 4 | pages= 548-51 | pmid=19540438 | doi=10.1016/j.avsg.2009.02.002 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19540438  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref> It was first used as a noun in the British Isles during the 16th century. [[Surgeons]] most often used it to refer to the [[cure]] of external [[human]] conditions. <ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
==Historical Perspective==
*[[Gangrene]] originated from a Greek word ''"sphacelus"'' that meant [[mortification]] of a [[human body]] part. <ref name="pmid19540438">{{cite journal| author=Christopoulou-Aletra H, Papavramidou N| title=The manifestation of "gangrene" in the Hippocratic corpus. | journal=Ann Vasc Surg | year= 2009 | volume= 23 | issue= 4 | pages= 548-51 | pmid=19540438 | doi=10.1016/j.avsg.2009.02.002 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19540438  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
*It was first used as a noun in the British Isles during the 16th century.  <ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
*[[Surgeons]] most often used it to refer to the [[cure]] of external [[human]] conditions. <ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
*In the 17th century, this word was passed on from one person to another, until a metaphorical meaning was given by Shakespeare in ''Coriolanus'':
                           
                                ''"The service of the foote''
                                ''Being once gangren'd, is not then respected''
                                ''For what it was before."'' <ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
*[[Pathology]] became a new profession in the 19th century, and has made [[gangrene]] as a taxonomical umbrella with a myriad of species flourished.
*In 1915, [[gangrene]] was described by [[surgeon]] D'Arcy Power in his book ''Wounds of War'':
  ''The [[wound]] generally becomes more or less [[emphysematous]] and discharges a thin brownish, offensive fluid, which contains bubbles of gas...''
    ''The ineffective process continues after [[death]] and the [[swelling]] may rapidly become so great as to make the [[corpse]] unrecognizable.''
==Some Personalities With Significant Historical Contribution to the Discovery of Gangrene==
*Table 1 lists the famous people who had contracted [[gangrene]].


{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 1px; width: " align="center" 800px;"
| valign="top" |
|+<big>''' Table 1.Personalities With Significant Historical Contribution to the Discovery of [[Gangrene]].'''</big>
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 200px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Name}}
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 400px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Image}}
! align="center" style="background: #00CED1; width: 500px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Description}}
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |Jean Baptiste Lully
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Image:Jean_Baptiste_Lully.jpg|thumb|180px|center|Jean Baptiste Lully. <br> ('''Image courtesy of Wikipedia''')]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
* French Baroque composer who had [[gangrene]] in January 1687.
* While performing in his ''Te Deum'', he stabbed his toe with a pointed material, which caused the spread of [[infection]] in his leg.


* He refused [[amputation]] of his leg.
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |French King Louis XIV
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Image:King_Louis_XIV.jpg|thumb|180px|center|French King Louis XIV. <br> ('''Image courtesy of Wikipedia''')|link=Special:FilePath/.jpg]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*He [[died]] due to [[gangrene]] on September 1, 1715.
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |Sebald Justinus Brugmans
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Image:Sebald_Justinus_Brugmans.jpg|thumb|180px|center|Sebald Justinus Brugmans. <br> ('''Image courtesy of Wikipedia''')|link=Special:FilePath/.jpg]]
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*A professor at Leyden University, Brugsman became the lead expert against [[hospital]]-[[gangrene]].


==Overview==
*In 1814, he made a treatise on [[gangrene]], and later on established the [[contagious]] property of this [[disease]].
Gangrene originated from a Greek word that meant mortification of a human body part. It was first used as a noun in the British Isles during the 16th century. Surgeons most often used it to refer to the cure of external human conditions. <ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
|-
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |John M. Trombold
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*He was a [[surgeon]] during the American Civil War.


==Historical Perspective==
*He studied [[hospital]] [[gangrene]] and was able to come up with a revolutionary [[treatment]] for this ([[debridement]] and the use of [[intravenous]] and [[topical]] [[bromide]] solutions on [[infected]] [[wounds]].
*Gangrene originated from a Greek word that meant mortification of a human body part. <ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
|-
*It was first used as a noun in the British Isles during the 16th century.  <ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #E6E6FA; font-weight: bold" |Father Camille Bulcke
*Surgeons most often used it to refer to the cure of external human conditions. <ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>
| align="center" style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |[[Image:Camille_Bulcke.jpg|thumb|180px|center|Father Camille Bulcke. <br> ('''Image courtesy of Wikipedia''')|link=Special:FilePath/.jpg]]
*In the 17th century, this word was passed on from one person to another, until Shakespeare began to give metaphorical meaning to it in ''Coriolanus'':
| style="padding: 2px 2px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
                    ''"The service of the foote''
*He [[died]] on August 17, 1982 due to [[gangrene]].
                    ''Being once gangren'd, is not then respected''
|}
                    ''For what it was before"''.<ref name="pmid16291052">{{cite journal| author=Lawrence C| title=Gangrene. | journal=Lancet | year= 2005 | volume= 366 | issue= 9498 | pages= 1689 | pmid=16291052 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16291052  }} </ref>


==References==
==References==
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Latest revision as of 17:42, 14 July 2022

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.

Overview

Gangrene originated from a Greek word "sphacelus" that meant mortification of a human body part.[1][2] It was first used as a noun in the British Isles during the 16th century. Surgeons most often used it to refer to the cure of external human conditions. [2]

Historical Perspective

  • Gangrene originated from a Greek word "sphacelus" that meant mortification of a human body part. [1][2]
  • It was first used as a noun in the British Isles during the 16th century. [2]
  • Surgeons most often used it to refer to the cure of external human conditions. [2]
  • In the 17th century, this word was passed on from one person to another, until a metaphorical meaning was given by Shakespeare in Coriolanus:
                               "The service of the foote
                                Being once gangren'd, is not then respected
                                For what it was before." [2]
  • Pathology became a new profession in the 19th century, and has made gangrene as a taxonomical umbrella with a myriad of species flourished.
  • In 1915, gangrene was described by surgeon D'Arcy Power in his book Wounds of War:
 The wound generally becomes more or less emphysematous and discharges a thin brownish, offensive fluid, which contains bubbles of gas...
    The ineffective process continues after death and the swelling may rapidly become so great as to make the corpse unrecognizable.

Some Personalities With Significant Historical Contribution to the Discovery of Gangrene

  • Table 1 lists the famous people who had contracted gangrene.



Table 1.Personalities With Significant Historical Contribution to the Discovery of Gangrene.
Name Image Description
Jean Baptiste Lully
Jean Baptiste Lully.
(Image courtesy of Wikipedia)
  • French Baroque composer who had gangrene in January 1687.
  • While performing in his Te Deum, he stabbed his toe with a pointed material, which caused the spread of infection in his leg.
French King Louis XIV
French King Louis XIV.
(Image courtesy of Wikipedia)
Sebald Justinus Brugmans
Sebald Justinus Brugmans.
(Image courtesy of Wikipedia)
  • A professor at Leyden University, Brugsman became the lead expert against hospital-gangrene.
John M. Trombold
  • He was a surgeon during the American Civil War.
Father Camille Bulcke
Father Camille Bulcke.
(Image courtesy of Wikipedia)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Christopoulou-Aletra H, Papavramidou N (2009). "The manifestation of "gangrene" in the Hippocratic corpus". Ann Vasc Surg. 23 (4): 548–51. doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2009.02.002. PMID 19540438.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Lawrence C (2005). "Gangrene". Lancet. 366 (9498): 1689. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67683-0. PMID 16291052.