Bronchial hyperresponsiveness: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Bronchial hyperresponsiveness''' (or other combinations with '''airway''' or '''hyperreactivity''') is a state characterised by easily triggered [[bronchospasm]] (contraction of the [[bronchioles]] or small airways). | '''Bronchial hyperresponsiveness''' (or other combinations with '''airway''' or '''hyperreactivity''') is a state characterised by easily triggered [[bronchospasm]] (contraction of the [[bronchioles]] or small airways). | ||
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be assessed with a [[bronchial challenge test]]. This most often uses products like [[metacholine]] or [[histamine]]. These chemicals trigger bronchospasm in normal individuals as well, but people with bronchial hyperresponsiveness have a lower threshold. | ==Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness== | ||
*Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be assessed with a [[Asthma bronchial challenge test|bronchial challenge test]]. This most often uses products like [[metacholine]] or [[histamine]]. These chemicals trigger bronchospasm in normal individuals as well, but people with bronchial hyperresponsiveness have a lower threshold. | |||
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of [[asthma]] but also occurs frequently in people suffering from [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD).<ref name="pmid9817744"> | *Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of [[asthma]] but also occurs frequently in people suffering from [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD).<ref name="pmid9817744">Postma DS, Kerstjens HA (1998) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9817744 Characteristics of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.] ''Am J Respir Crit Care Med'' 158 (5 Pt 3):S187-92. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/9817744 9817744]</ref> In the '''Lung Heart Study''', bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two-thirds of patients with non-severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other factors.<ref name="pmid8665038">Tashkin DP, Altose MD, Connett JE, Kanner RE, Lee WW, Wise RA (1996) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8665038 Methacholine reactivity predicts changes in lung function over time in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study Research Group.] ''Am J Respir Crit Care Med'' 153 (6 Pt 1):1802-11. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/8665038 8665038]</ref> In asthma it tends to be reversible with [[bronchodilator]] therapy, while this is not the case in COPD. | ||
== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Pulmonology]] | |||
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Latest revision as of 18:48, 7 October 2011
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (or other combinations with airway or hyperreactivity) is a state characterised by easily triggered bronchospasm (contraction of the bronchioles or small airways).
Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness
- Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be assessed with a bronchial challenge test. This most often uses products like metacholine or histamine. These chemicals trigger bronchospasm in normal individuals as well, but people with bronchial hyperresponsiveness have a lower threshold.
- Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma but also occurs frequently in people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).[1] In the Lung Heart Study, bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two-thirds of patients with non-severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other factors.[2] In asthma it tends to be reversible with bronchodilator therapy, while this is not the case in COPD.
References
- ↑ Postma DS, Kerstjens HA (1998) Characteristics of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 158 (5 Pt 3):S187-92. PMID: 9817744
- ↑ Tashkin DP, Altose MD, Connett JE, Kanner RE, Lee WW, Wise RA (1996) Methacholine reactivity predicts changes in lung function over time in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study Research Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 153 (6 Pt 1):1802-11. PMID: 8665038