Dysmelia: Difference between revisions
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'''Dysmelia''' (from [[Greek language|Greek]] Δύσ - = "bad" plus μέλος (plural μέλεα) = "limb") is a [[congenital disorder]] referring to the limbs. | '''Dysmelia''' (from [[Greek language|Greek]] Δύσ - = "bad" plus μέλος (plural μέλεα) = "limb") is a [[congenital disorder]] referring to the limbs. | ||
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[[Category:Congenital disorders]] | [[Category:Congenital disorders]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:01, 9 August 2012
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Dysmelia (from Greek Δύσ - = "bad" plus μέλος (plural μέλεα) = "limb") is a congenital disorder referring to the limbs.
Dysmelia can refer to
- missing (aplasia) limbs: amelia, oligodactyly, congenital amputation
- malformation of limbs: ectrodactyly, phocomelia, syndactyly, brachydactyly, clubfoot
- too many limbs: polymelia, polydactyly, polysyndactyly
Occurrence rate
Birth defects involving limbs occur in 1 per 1000.
Causes
Dysmelia can be caused by
- inheritance of abnormal genes, e.g. polydactyly, ectrodactyly or brachydactyly, symptoms of deformed limbs then often occur in combination with other symptoms (syndromes)
- external causes during pregnancy (thus not inherited), e.g. via amniotic band syndrome
- teratogenic drugs (e.g. thalidomide, which causes phocomelia) or environmental chemicals
- ionizing radiation (atomic weapons, radioiodine, radiation therapy)
- infections
- metabolic imbalance