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{{Subgaleal hemorrhage}}
'''For patient information, click [[Subgaleal hemorrhage(patient information)|here]]'''
 
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{{SK}} Subgaleal hematoma
 
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage overview|Overview]]==
 
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage anatomy|Anatomy]]==
 
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
 
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
 
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage causes|Causes]]==
 
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage differential diagnosis|Differentiating Subgaleal Hemorrhage from other Diseases]]==


==Overview==
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


'''Subgaleal hemorrhage or hematoma''' is bleeding in the potential space between the skull [[periosteum]] and the scalp [[galea aponeurosis]].
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


[[Image:Scalp_hematomas.jpg|thumb|500px|none|Newborn Scalp bleeds]]
==[[Subgaleal hemorrhage natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==Causes==
==Diagnosis==
Majority (90%) result from vacuum applied to the head at delivery (Ventouse assisted delivery). Subgaleal hematoma has a high frequency of occurrence of associated head trauma (40%), such as intracranial hemorrhage or skull fracture. The occurrence of these features does not correlate significantly with the severity of subgaleal hemorrhage.
[[Subgaleal hemorrhage history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage CT|CT]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage MRI|MRI]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


==Symptoms==
==Treatment==
The diagnosis is generally a clinical one, with a fluctuant boggy mass developing over the scalp (especially over the occiput) with superficial skin bruising. The swelling develops gradually 12-72 hours after delivery, although it may be noted immediately after delivery in severe cases. The hematoma spreads across the whole calvaria as its growth is insidious and may not be recognized for hours. Patients with subgaleal hematoma may present with hemorrhagic shock. The swelling may obscure the fontanel and cross suture lines (distinguishing it from cephalohematoma). Watch for significant hyperbilirubinemia. The long-term prognosis is generally good. Laboratory studies consist of a hematocrit evaluation.
[[Subgaleal hemorrhage medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage surgery|Surgery]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Subgaleal hemorrhage future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


==Management==
== Case Studies ==
Management consists of vigilant observation over days to detect progression.  Fluid bolus may be required if blood loss is significant and patient becomes tachycardic. Transfusion and phototherapy may be necessary. Investigation for coagulopathy may be indicated.
[[Subgaleal hemorrhage case study one|Case #1]]


==See also==
==Related Chapters==
*[[Caput succedaneum]]
*[[Caput succedaneum]]
*[[Cephalhematoma|Cephal hematoma]]
*[[Cephalhematoma|Cephal hematoma]]
*[[Hematoma]]
*[[Hematoma]]


{{SIB}}
 
[[Category:Neurological disorders]]
[[Category:Neurological disorders]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Disease]]


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Latest revision as of 14:43, 11 February 2013

Subgaleal Hemorrhage Microchapters

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Overview

Anatomy

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Subgaleal Hemorrhage from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

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Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Subgaleal hematoma

Overview

Anatomy

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Subgaleal Hemorrhage from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | CT | MRI | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

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Case #1

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