Penetrating trauma: Difference between revisions

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VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 17:46, 21 February 2013

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Penetrating trauma is an injury that occurs primarily by an object piercing the skin or entering a tissue of the body.

Pathophysiology

The severity of the injury is determined largely by the velocity of the object that enters the body. High-velocity objects are usually projectiles such as bullets from high-powered or assault rifles.^[1] Bullets from handguns and shotguns are classed as medium-velocity projectiles.^[1] Low-velocity items, such as knives, are usually propelled by a person's hand, and usually do damage only to the area that is directly contacted by the object.^[1]

Complications

In addition to causing damage to the tissues they contact, medium and high velocity projectiles cause a cavitation injury: as the object enters the body, it creates a pressure wave which forces tissue out of the way, creating a cavity that can be much larger than the object itself.^[1] The tissues soon move back into place, eliminating the cavity, but the cavitation frequently does considerable damage first.^[1] Cavitation can be especially damaging when it affects delicate tissues such as the brain, as occurs in penetrating head trauma.

Related Chapters

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Daniel Limmer and Michael F. O'Keefe. 2005. Emergency Care 10th ed. Edward T. Dickinson, Ed. Pearson, Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Pages 189-190.

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[brady-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Daniel Limmer and Michael F. O'Keefe. 2005. Emergency Care 10th ed. Edward T. Dickinson, Ed. Pearson, Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Pages 189-190.

[1]

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 ==Complications==
-In addition to causing damage to the tissues they contact, medium- and high-velocity projectiles cause a cavitation injury: as the object enters the body, it creates a pressure wave which forces tissue out of the way, creating a cavity that can be much larger than the object itself.<ref name="brady"/>  The tissues soon move back into place, eliminating the cavity, but the cavitation frequently does considerable damage first.<ref name="brady"/>  Cavitation can be especially damaging when it affects delicate tissues such as the [[brain]], as occurs in [[penetrating head trauma]].
+In addition to causing damage to the tissues they contact, medium and high velocity projectiles cause a cavitation injury: as the object enters the body, it creates a pressure wave which forces tissue out of the way, creating a cavity that can be much larger than the object itself.<ref name="brady"/>  The tissues soon move back into place, eliminating the cavity, but the cavitation frequently does considerable damage first.<ref name="brady"/>  Cavitation can be especially damaging when it affects delicate tissues such as the [[brain]], as occurs in [[penetrating head trauma]].
 ==Related Chapters==