V wave: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The ‘v’ wave is seen when the tricuspid valve is closed, just before ventricular contraction – with and just after the carotid pulse. The ‘v’ wave represents the gradual build-up of blood in the atria while the AV valves are closed during ventricular contraction. | The ‘v’ wave is seen when the tricuspid valve is closed, just before ventricular contraction – with and just after the carotid pulse. The ‘v’ wave represents the gradual build-up of blood in the atria while the AV valves are closed during ventricular contraction. | ||
See the main page on [[Jugular venous pressure#JVP waveform|JVP waveforms]] for more details. | |||
[[Image:Jvp-waveform.jpg|left|frame| | |||
'''a''' = atrial contraction, occurs just before 1st heart sound and carotid pulse | |||
'''x''' = atrial relaxation | |||
'''c''' = bulging of tricuspid valve during isovolumetric contraction; x 1 = occurs during ventricular contraction pulling down the tricuspid valve “descent of the base”; v = occurs during venous filling of the atrium with a closed tricuspid valve\; y = opening of tricuspid valve and right atrium emptying]] | |||
<br clear="left"/> | |||
===Abnormalities in the JVP Waveforms=== | |||
{|style="width:80%; height:50px" border="1" | |||
|- | |||
|Absence of a wave | |||
|[[Atrial fibrillation]] | |||
|- | |||
|Flutter of a wave | |||
|[[Atrial flutter]] | |||
|- | |||
|Prominent a waves | |||
|[[First-degree atrioventricular block]] | |||
|- | |||
|Large a waves | |||
|[[Tricuspid stenosis]], [[myxoma|right atrial myxoma]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[pulmonary stenosis]] | |||
|- | |||
|Absent x descent | |||
|[[Tricuspid regurgitation]] | |||
|- | |||
|Prominent x descent | |||
|Conditions associated with large a waves | |||
|- | |||
|Slow y descent | |||
|[[Tricuspid stenosis]], [[myxoma|right atrial myxoma]] | |||
|- | |||
|Rapid y descent | |||
|[[Constrictive pericarditis]], [[right heart failure|severe right heart failure]], [[tricuspid regurgitation]], [[atrial septal defect]] | |||
|- | |||
|Absent y descent | |||
|[[Cardiac tamponade]] | |||
|} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 17:09, 24 July 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
The ‘v’ wave is seen when the tricuspid valve is closed, just before ventricular contraction – with and just after the carotid pulse. The ‘v’ wave represents the gradual build-up of blood in the atria while the AV valves are closed during ventricular contraction.
See the main page on JVP waveforms for more details.
Abnormalities in the JVP Waveforms
| Absence of a wave | Atrial fibrillation |
| Flutter of a wave | Atrial flutter |
| Prominent a waves | First-degree atrioventricular block |
| Large a waves | Tricuspid stenosis, right atrial myxoma, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary stenosis |
| Absent x descent | Tricuspid regurgitation |
| Prominent x descent | Conditions associated with large a waves |
| Slow y descent | Tricuspid stenosis, right atrial myxoma |
| Rapid y descent | Constrictive pericarditis, severe right heart failure, tricuspid regurgitation, atrial septal defect |
| Absent y descent | Cardiac tamponade |