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| __NOTOC__
| | #Redirect [[Coronary artery calcification]] |
| {{CMG}}
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| {{SI}}
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| ==Overview==
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| The [[coronary angiogram]] is fairly insensitive to the presence of lesion [[calcification]], particularly the presence of deep [[vessel]] wall [[calcification]]. [[Intravascular ultrasound]] is much more sensitive in the assessment of [[vessel]] wall [[calcification]]. Conventional [[coronary angiography]] has limited [[sensitivity]] for the detection of smaller amounts of [[calcium]], and has moderate [[sensitivity]] for the detection of extensive [[lesion]] [[calcium]] ([[sensitivity]] 60% and 85% for three- and four-quadrant [[calcium]], respectively).<ref name="pmid7895353">{{cite journal |author=Mintz GS, Popma JJ, Pichard AD, ''et al.'' |title=Patterns of calcification in coronary artery disease. A statistical analysis of intravascular ultrasound and coronary angiography in 1155 lesions |journal=Circulation |volume=91 |issue=7 |pages=1959–65 |year=1995 |month=April |pmid=7895353 |doi= |url=}}</ref> [[Calcification]] is often associated with older [[graft]] age, [[insulin–dependent diabetics]], and [[smoking]].<ref name="pmid15723972">{{cite journal |author=Castagna MT, Mintz GS, Ohlmann P, ''et al.'' |title=Incidence, location, magnitude, and clinical correlates of [[saphenous vein graft]] [[calcification]]: an intravascular [[ultrasound]] and [[angiographic]] study |journal=Circulation |volume=111 |issue=9 |pages=1148–52 |year=2005 |month=March |pmid=15723972 |doi=10.1161/01.CIR.0000157160.69812.55 |url=}}</ref>
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| Coronary artery calcification is graded as follows: | |
| * None: no radiopacity.
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| * Mild: faint radiopacities noted during the cardiac cycles.
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| * Moderate: dense radioapcities noted only during the cardiac cycle.
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| * Severe: dense radiopacities noted without cardiac motion before contrast injection generally compromising both sides of the arterial lumen.
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| ==Example==
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| Shown below are an animated image and a static image depicting calcification in the right coronary artery. Encircled in yellow in the image on the right is the calcified lesion. Note the haziness in the calcified lesion.
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| [[Image:Calcification.gif|300px|Calcification in the RCA]]
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| [[Image:Calcification-Static.gif|300px|Calcification in the RCA]]
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| {{Coronary Angiography}}
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| [[Category:Cardiology]]
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| [[Category:Angiopedia]]
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