Isepamicin: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Isepamicin is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]]. | Isepamicin is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]]. It has been used in the treatment of skin, upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract, and urinary tract infections caused by [[Gram-negative]] bacteria (including ''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'', Proteobacteria, and ''[[Escherichia coli]]''). | ||
==Category== | ==Category== | ||
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==Brand Names== | ==Brand Names== | ||
EXACIN, ISEPACIN, ISEPACINE, ISEPALLINE | |||
EXACIN<sup>®</sup>, ISEPACIN<sup>®</sup>, ISEPACINE<sup>®</sup>, ISEPALLINE<sup>®</sup> (not currently available in the U.S.) | |||
==Prescribing Information== | ==Prescribing Information== | ||
====Clinical Pharmacology==== | |||
General pharmacological properties of isepamicin sulfate (HAPA-B), a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, were studied in animals and the results obtained were summarized below. Intramuscular injections of HAPA-B at doses of 500 mg/kg inhibited the writing response induced by acetic acid, and at doses of 1,000 mg/kg, caused muscle relaxation, respiratory depression, suppression of spontaneous motor activity and prolongation of thiopental anesthesia. Anticonvulsive action and the effect on the rectal temperature were not observed. | |||
Intravenous Intravenous HAPA-B showed no significant effect on the general behavior and the function of the central nervous system at doses of 100 mg/kg. Intravenous injections of HAPA-B to anesthetized dogs resulted increases in the femoral arterial blood flow at doses of 12.5 mg/kg, decrease in the blood pressure and increase in the respiratory rate at doses of 25 mg/kg, and increase in the carotid arterial blood flow at doses of 50 mg/kg. Apparent changes were not recognized in the heart rate and electrocardiograms. In conscious rabbits, intravenous HAPA-B produced increases in the heart rate without significant changes of the blood pressure and electrocardiograms at doses of 100 mg/kg. Spontaneous beatings of isolated atria were depressed by HAPA-B in concentrations of 3 X 10(-4) to 10(-3) g/ml. The HAPA-B inhibited the gastric secretion at intramuscular doses of 500 mg/kg or intravenous doses of 100 mg/kg, and depressed charcoal transport through small intestine and the spontaneous movement of isolated ileum at intramuscular doses of 1,000 mg/kg and at concentrations of 3 X 10(-4) to 10(-3) g/ml, respectively. No irritative effect was found on the gastric mucous membrane. Intravenous HAPA-B inhibited the response of nictitating membrane to pre and post ganglionic stimulations of cervical sympathetic nerve at doses of 100 mg/kg. In in vitro test, HAPA-B inhibited nonspecifically the constrictive responses of trachea, aorta, stomach, ileum and vas deferens to various agonists in concentrations of 3 X 10(-4) to 10(-3) g/ml. Spontaneous movements of uteri of estrous or pregnant animals were depressed by HAPA-B at intravenous doses of 50 to 100 mg/kg and in in vitro at concentrations of 10(-4) to 3 X 10(-4) g/ml. Antidiuretic effect was also observed at intramuscular doses of 250 mg/kg. HAPA-B increased the length of the whole blood clotting time and raised the plasma glucose level at intramuscular doses of 1,000 mg/kg and inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by ADP in vitro at concentrations of 10(-3) g/ml.<ref name="www.tecolandcorp.com">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | url = http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | publisher = | date = | accessdate = }}</ref> | |||
====Chemical Structure==== | |||
'''| | {| | ||
| [[File:Isepamycin01.jpg|400px|thumb]] | |||
|} | |||
Molecular Formula: C<sub>22</sub>H<sub>45</sub>N<sub>5</sub>O<sub>16</sub>S<ref name="www.tecolandcorp.com">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title =http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | url = http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | publisher = | date = |accessdate = }}</ref> | |||
====Reported Use==== | |||
Treatment of susceptible bacterial infections<ref name="www.tecolandcorp.com">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title =http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | url = http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | publisher = | date = |accessdate = }}</ref> | |||
====Dosage==== | |||
* '''Adults''': I.M., I.V.: 8-15 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses; maximum: 1.5 g/day<ref name="www.tecolandcorp.com">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title =http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | url = http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | publisher = | date = |accessdate = }}</ref> | |||
====Dosage Forms==== | |||
Injection, solution: 250 mg/mL (1 mL, 2 mL)<ref name="www.tecolandcorp.com">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title =http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | url = http://www.tecolandcorp.com/Product-Group-I/Isepamycin%20sulfate.htm | publisher = | date = |accessdate = }}</ref> | |||
==Mechanism of Action== | ==Mechanism of Action== | ||
Isepamicin is an aminoglycoside which inhibits bacterial [[protein synthesis]] by binding to [[30S]] and [[50S]] [[ribosomal]] subunits in susceptible micro-organisms. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 17:42, 8 January 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: Isepamycin
Overview
Isepamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. It has been used in the treatment of skin, upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract, and urinary tract infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteobacteria, and Escherichia coli).
Category
Aminoglycoside
Brand Names
EXACIN®, ISEPACIN®, ISEPACINE®, ISEPALLINE® (not currently available in the U.S.)
Prescribing Information
Clinical Pharmacology
General pharmacological properties of isepamicin sulfate (HAPA-B), a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, were studied in animals and the results obtained were summarized below. Intramuscular injections of HAPA-B at doses of 500 mg/kg inhibited the writing response induced by acetic acid, and at doses of 1,000 mg/kg, caused muscle relaxation, respiratory depression, suppression of spontaneous motor activity and prolongation of thiopental anesthesia. Anticonvulsive action and the effect on the rectal temperature were not observed.
Intravenous Intravenous HAPA-B showed no significant effect on the general behavior and the function of the central nervous system at doses of 100 mg/kg. Intravenous injections of HAPA-B to anesthetized dogs resulted increases in the femoral arterial blood flow at doses of 12.5 mg/kg, decrease in the blood pressure and increase in the respiratory rate at doses of 25 mg/kg, and increase in the carotid arterial blood flow at doses of 50 mg/kg. Apparent changes were not recognized in the heart rate and electrocardiograms. In conscious rabbits, intravenous HAPA-B produced increases in the heart rate without significant changes of the blood pressure and electrocardiograms at doses of 100 mg/kg. Spontaneous beatings of isolated atria were depressed by HAPA-B in concentrations of 3 X 10(-4) to 10(-3) g/ml. The HAPA-B inhibited the gastric secretion at intramuscular doses of 500 mg/kg or intravenous doses of 100 mg/kg, and depressed charcoal transport through small intestine and the spontaneous movement of isolated ileum at intramuscular doses of 1,000 mg/kg and at concentrations of 3 X 10(-4) to 10(-3) g/ml, respectively. No irritative effect was found on the gastric mucous membrane. Intravenous HAPA-B inhibited the response of nictitating membrane to pre and post ganglionic stimulations of cervical sympathetic nerve at doses of 100 mg/kg. In in vitro test, HAPA-B inhibited nonspecifically the constrictive responses of trachea, aorta, stomach, ileum and vas deferens to various agonists in concentrations of 3 X 10(-4) to 10(-3) g/ml. Spontaneous movements of uteri of estrous or pregnant animals were depressed by HAPA-B at intravenous doses of 50 to 100 mg/kg and in in vitro at concentrations of 10(-4) to 3 X 10(-4) g/ml. Antidiuretic effect was also observed at intramuscular doses of 250 mg/kg. HAPA-B increased the length of the whole blood clotting time and raised the plasma glucose level at intramuscular doses of 1,000 mg/kg and inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by ADP in vitro at concentrations of 10(-3) g/ml.[1]
Chemical Structure
 |
Molecular Formula: C22H45N5O16S[1]
Reported Use
Treatment of susceptible bacterial infections[1]
Dosage
- Adults: I.M., I.V.: 8-15 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses; maximum: 1.5 g/day[1]
Dosage Forms
Injection, solution: 250 mg/mL (1 mL, 2 mL)[1]
Mechanism of Action
Isepamicin is an aminoglycoside which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits in susceptible micro-organisms.