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| {{drugbox
| | #REDIRECT [[Benazepril]] |
| | IUPAC_name =
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| 2-[(4''S'')-4-<nowiki>[[</nowiki>(1''S'')-1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenyl-propyl]amino]-<br>3-oxo-2-azabicyclo[5.4.0]undeca-7,9,11-trien-2-yl]acetic acid
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| | image = Benazepril_svg.png
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| | CAS_number = 86541-75-5
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| | ATC_prefix = C09
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| | ATC_suffix = AA07
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| | PubChem = 5362124
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| | DrugBank = APRD00063
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| | C = 24 | H = 28 | N = 2 | O = 5
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| | molecular_weight = 424.49 g/mol
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| | bioavailability =
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| | protein_bound = 96.7%
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| | metabolism = [[Liver|Hepatic]] [[glucuronidation]]
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| | elimination_half-life = 10-11 hours
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| | excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]] and biliary
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| | pregnancy_category = D
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| | legal_status = Rx-only
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| | routes_of_administration = Oral
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| }}
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| __NOTOC__
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| {{CMG}}
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| ==[[Benazepril (patient information)|For patient information, click here]]==
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Benazepril''', brand name '''Lotensin®''', is a medication used to treat high blood pressure ([[hypertension]]), [[congestive heart failure]], and [[chronic renal failure]]. Upon cleavage of its [[ester]] group by the [[liver]], benazepril is converted into its active form benazeprilat, a non-sulfhydryl [[angiotensin-converting enzyme]] (ACE) [[ACE inhibitor|inhibitor]].
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| ==Dosage forms==
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| Oral tablets, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg.
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| Benazepril is also available in combination with [[hydrochlorothiazide]], under the trade name '''Lotensin® HCT''', and with [[amlodipine]] (trade name '''Lotrel®''').
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| ==Side effects==
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| Most commonly, [[headache]] and [[cough]]. [[Anaphylaxis]] and [[angioedema]] can occur. [[Hyperkalemia]], or an elevation of potassium levels, can also occur.
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| Benazepril may cause harm to the [[fetus]] during [[pregnancy]].
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| ==Contraindications==
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| Benazepril should be discontinued during pregnancy. | |
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| ==Kidney disease==
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| According to a 2006 article in the ''[[New England Journal of Medicine]]'', patients with advanced [[renal insufficiency]] taking benazepril showed "substantial" kidney benefits.<ref name = Hou>{{cite journal | author = Hou F, Zhang X, Zhang G, Xie D, Chen P, Zhang W, Jiang J, Liang M, Wang G, Liu Z, Geng R | title = Efficacy and safety of benazepril for advanced chronic renal insufficiency | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 354 | issue = 2 | pages = 131-40 | year = 2006 | id = PMID 16407508}}</ref>
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| A long term study of patients' kidney disease revealed that patients who took benazepril had better kidney function and a slower progression of kidney disease. [[Kidney function]] was much better in the group of patients taking the drug than their peers who took a [[placebo]] drug.<ref name = Hitti>{{cite web |url= http://www.webmd.com/content/article/117/112524.htm |title= Drug May Treat Advanced Kidney Disease|last= Hitti |first= Miranda |coauthors= Chang, Louise |date= January 11, 2006 |publisher = [[WebMD]]}}</ref> This is notable because this category of pharmaceuticals have long been thought to cause further kidney damage or increase the rate of progression for kidney disease.
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| According to coverage of the study on WebMD:
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| [[ACE inhibitor]]s can pose a potential threat to kidneys as well. The key question was whether damaged kidneys would worsen if patients took ACE inhibitors. In a nutshell, concerns centered on blood levels of [[potassium]] and [[creatinine]], waste products that are excreted by the kidneys. Testing creatinine levels in the blood is used as a way to monitor kidney function (...) kidney problems worsened more slowly in those taking Lotensin. Overall, there were no major differences in side effects between patients taking Lotensin or the placebo.<ref name = Hitti/>}}
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| This study marks the first indication that benazepril, and perhaps other ACE inhibitors, may actually be beneficial in the treatment of [[hypertension]] in patients with kidney disease.
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| ===Veterinary use===
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| Under the brand name '''Fortekor''' ([[Novartis]]), benazepril [[hydrochloride]] is used to treat [[congestive heart failure]] in dogs and [[chronic renal failure]] in cats.
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| ==References==
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| <div class="references-small"><references /></div>
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| {{ACE inhibitors}}
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| [[Category:ACE inhibitors]]
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| [[Category:prodrugs]]
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| [[Category:Drugs]]
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| [[hu:Benazepril]]
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| [[ja:ベナゼプリル]]
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| [[pt:Benazepril]]
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| [[sr:Беназеприл]]
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| {{WikiDoc Sources}}
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