Malaria screening: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Malaria}} | {{Malaria}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{USAMA}}, {{Marjan}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Screening]] of [[malaria]] is important in Sub-Saharan refugees and blood donors. | [[Screening]] of [[malaria]] is important in Sub-Saharan refugees and blood donors.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web | title = Immigrant and Refugee Health | url = http://www.cdc.gov/immigrantrefugeehealth/guidelines/domestic/malaria-guidelines-domestic.html }}</ref> | ||
==Screening== | ==Screening== | ||
Screening for [[malaria]] [[infection]] is important in: | Screening for [[malaria]] [[infection]] is important in:<ref name=CDC>{{cite web | title = Immigrant and Refugee Health | url = http://www.cdc.gov/immigrantrefugeehealth/guidelines/domestic/malaria-guidelines-domestic.html }}</ref> | ||
* Sub-Saharan refugees | * Sub-Saharan refugees | ||
** A sub-optimal alternative to presumptive therapy is to test newly arriving for malaria infection. | ** A sub-optimal alternative to presumptive therapy is to test newly arriving for malaria infection. | ||
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* Blood donors | * Blood donors | ||
** Studies using [[PCR]] test for the [[screening]] of [[malaria]] in blood donors are being conducted. | ** Studies using [[PCR]] test for the [[screening]] of [[malaria]] in blood donors are being conducted.<ref name="pmid12430867">{{cite journal| author=Lee SH, Kara UA, Koay E, Lee MA, Lam S, Teo D| title=New strategies for the diagnosis and screening of malaria. | journal=Int J Hematol | year= 2002 | volume= 76 Suppl 1 | issue= | pages= 291-3 | pmid=12430867 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12430867 }} </ref> | ||
===WHO Guidlines=== | |||
*In 1968, the World Health Organization published guidelines for the establishment of a screening program that can be summarized in 10 principles: | |||
#The disease should be an important health problem. | |||
#The natural history of the disease should be understood adequately. | |||
#A latent stage of the disease occurs. | |||
#A test for the disease is available. | |||
#The test is acceptable to the population. | |||
#Treatment for the disease exist. | |||
#facilities for diagnosis and treatment are available. | |||
#A policy about who to treat has been agreed on. | |||
#Case finding costs should be considered in relation to medical expenditure as a whole. | |||
#Case finding should be organized as an ongoing process rather than a one-time only project. | |||
*These guidelines form the theoretic basis of most screening programs including malaria that are currently in use. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Tropical disease]] | [[Category:Tropical disease]] | ||
[[Category:Deaths from malaria]] | [[Category:Deaths from malaria]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Latest revision as of 18:20, 5 November 2018
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Malaria Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case studies |
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Malaria screening On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Malaria screening |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2], Marjan Khan M.B.B.S.[3]
Overview
Screening of malaria is important in Sub-Saharan refugees and blood donors.[1]
Screening
Screening for malaria infection is important in:[1]
- Sub-Saharan refugees
- A sub-optimal alternative to presumptive therapy is to test newly arriving for malaria infection.
- Studies have demonstrated that a single malaria thick-and-thin blood smear lacks sensitivity for detecting asymptomatic or sub-clinical malaria in these populations.
- Three separate blood films taken at 12 to 24 hour intervals, the standard recommendation for diagnosis of clinical malaria, has a greater sensitivity. However, this approach is rarely feasible for screening newly arriving refugee populations because of cost constraints and the need for multiple visits.
- When a refugee does not receive presumptive therapy they should be monitored for signs or symptoms of disease, particularly during the initial 3 months after arrival, regardless of the post-arrival testing results.
- Blood donors
WHO Guidlines
- In 1968, the World Health Organization published guidelines for the establishment of a screening program that can be summarized in 10 principles:
- The disease should be an important health problem.
- The natural history of the disease should be understood adequately.
- A latent stage of the disease occurs.
- A test for the disease is available.
- The test is acceptable to the population.
- Treatment for the disease exist.
- facilities for diagnosis and treatment are available.
- A policy about who to treat has been agreed on.
- Case finding costs should be considered in relation to medical expenditure as a whole.
- Case finding should be organized as an ongoing process rather than a one-time only project.
- These guidelines form the theoretic basis of most screening programs including malaria that are currently in use.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Immigrant and Refugee Health".
- ↑ Lee SH, Kara UA, Koay E, Lee MA, Lam S, Teo D (2002). "New strategies for the diagnosis and screening of malaria". Int J Hematol. 76 Suppl 1: 291–3. PMID 12430867.