Tuberous sclerosis physical examination: Difference between revisions

	Tuberous sclerosis Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Pathophysiology
Differentiating Tuberous sclerosis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
Chest X Ray
CT
MRI
Echocardiography or Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Tuberous sclerosis physical examination On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Tuberous sclerosis physical examination All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Tuberous sclerosis physical examination
CDC on Tuberous sclerosis physical examination
Tuberous sclerosis physical examination in the news
Blogs on Tuberous sclerosis physical examination
Directions to Hospitals Treating Tuberous sclerosis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Tuberous sclerosis physical examination

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 17:56, 23 June 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] José Eduardo Riceto Loyola Junior, M.D.[3]

Physical Examination

Skin

Images of the nail shown below are courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Adenoma sebaceum.
Tuberous sclerosis; Subungual fibroma; Beneath the Left Index Nail
Tuberous sclerosis, Periungual Fibroma; Lateral Side of Left Great Toe Nail

Skin

The skin is examined under a Wood's lamp. The most common skin abnormalities include:

Facial angiofibromas
Ungual or subungual fibromas
Hypomelanic macules ("ash leaf spots")
Forehead plaques
Shagreen patches
Molluscum fibrosum or skin tags
Cafe-au-lait spots or flat brown marks
Poliosis

Head

Pitted tooth enamel
Rubbery growths on the tongue or gums

Eyes

Retinal lesions - astrocytic hamartomas, which may cause blindness.
Non-retinal lesions associated with TSC include
- Coloboma
- Angiofibromas of the eyelids
- Papilledema (related to hydrocephalus)

Heart

A heart murmur can be heard due to the obstruction of blood flow by rhabdomyomas.

Lungs

Coarse rales are heard when lung parenchyma is involved.
Bronchial breathing and bronchophony are heard on auscultation when multiple cysts occur in the lungs.

Extremities

Rough growths under or around the fingernails and toenails

Neurologic

Abnormal size of head in children - due to hydrocephalus

References

↑ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 ^1.14 ^1.15 ^1.16 ^1.17 ^1.18 ^1.19 ^1.20 ^1.21 ^1.22 ^1.23 ^1.24 ^1.25 ^1.26 ^1.27 ^1.28 ^1.29 ^1.30 ^1.31 ^1.32 ^1.33 ^1.34 ^1.35 ^1.36 ^1.37 ^1.38 ^1.39 ^1.40 "Dermatology Atlas".

[Dermatology_Atlas-1] 1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 ^1.11 ^1.12 ^1.13 ^1.14 ^1.15 ^1.16 ^1.17 ^1.18 ^1.19 ^1.20 ^1.21 ^1.22 ^1.23 ^1.24 ^1.25 ^1.26 ^1.27 ^1.28 ^1.29 ^1.30 ^1.31 ^1.32 ^1.33 ^1.34 ^1.35 ^1.36 ^1.37 ^1.38 ^1.39 ^1.40 "Dermatology Atlas".

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Tuberous sclerosis}}
-{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}} {{Jose}}
 ==Physical Examination ==
@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 Image:Tuberous sclerosis16.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
-Image:Tuberous sclerosis18.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
-Image:Tuberous sclerosis19.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 Image:Tuberous sclerosis20.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
@@ Line 70: / Line 66: @@
 Image:Tuberous sclerosis29.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 Image:Tuberous sclerosis30.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 Image:Tuberous sclerosis32.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
@@ Line 88: / Line 83: @@
 </gallery>
-====Extremities====
+====Nails====
 <gallery>Image:Tuberous sclerosis31.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
@@ Line 109: / Line 104: @@
 </gallery>
+====Oral cavity====
+<gallery>
+Image:Tuberous sclerosis19.jpg|Tuberous sclerosis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
+</gallery>
+=== Skin ===
 The skin is examined under a [[Wood's lamp]].  The most common skin abnormalities include:
-* Facial angiofibromas
+* Facial [[Angiofibroma|angiofibromas]]
 * Ungual or subungual fibromas
 * Hypomelanic [[macules]] ("ash leaf spots")
@@ Line 117: / Line 119: @@
 * Molluscum fibrosum or skin tags
 * [[Cafe-au-lait spots]] or flat brown marks
-* Poliosis
+*[[Poliosis]]
 ===Head===
 * Pitted tooth [[enamel]]
-* Rubbery growths on the tongue or gums
+* Rubbery growths on the [[tongue]] or gums
 ===Eyes===
-* Retinal lesions - astrocytic hamartomas
+*[[Retinal]] lesions - [[astrocytic]] [[hamartomas]], which may cause [[blindness]].
-* Non-retinal lesions associated with TSC include
+* Non-retinal lesions associated with [[TSC]] include
-** [[Coloboma]]
+**[[Coloboma]]
-** Angiofibromas of the eyelids
+**[[Angiofibromas]] of the eyelids
-** [[Papilledema]] (related to hydrocephalus)
+**[[Papilledema]] (related to hydrocephalus)
 ===Heart===
-* A heart murmur can be heard due to the obstruction of blood flow by [[rhabdomyomas]].
+* A heart [[Heart murmur|murmur]] can be heard due to the obstruction of blood flow by [[rhabdomyomas]].
 ===Lungs===
-* Coarse rales are heard when lung parenchyma is involved.
+* Coarse [[Rales/Crackles|rales]] are heard when lung [[Parenchymal|parenchyma]] is involved.
-* Bronchial breathing and bronchophony are heard on auscultation when multiple cysts occur in the lungs.
+*[[Bronchial]] breathing and bronchophony are heard on auscultation when multiple cysts occur in the lungs.
 ===Extremities===
-* Rough growths under or around the fingernails and toenails
+* Rough growths under or around the [[fingernails]] and toenails
 ===Neurologic===
 * Abnormal size of head in children - due to [[hydrocephalus]]
-* Low IQ
-* Learning difficulties
-* Intellectual disability
-* Troubled communication and social interaction
 ==References==

Tuberous sclerosis physical examination: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:56, 23 June 2020

Physical Examination

Skin

Face

Nails

Trunk

Oral cavity

Skin

Head

Eyes

Heart

Lungs

Extremities

Neurologic

References

Navigation menu