HIV AIDS surgery

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-in-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS; Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Overview

HIV infected patients may require surgery to treat infections and diseases associated with the condition. Childbirth and organ transplant are two of the many conditions that may require surgery in a HIV patient.

Surgery

Surgical biopsy is indicated in tuberculosis, lymphoma, lymphadenitis

Abdominal Surgery

Bacterial or viral infections in the digestive tract are common among HIV patients, leading to enlarged lymph nodes. This lymphadenopathy can squeeze the appendix causing obstruction .

• Cholecystectomy for CMV in gallbladder
• Spleenectomy for thrombocytopenia

Types of surgery	Indication
Cholecystectomy	CMV in gallbladder
Spleenectomy	Thrombocytopenia
Exploratory laporotomy	Abdominal lymphadenopathy
Right hemicolectomy	Partial bowel obstruction
Cholecystectomy	Acalculous cholecystitis
Diverting colostomy	Partial bowel obstruction
Appendicectomy	Appenditicitis

Anorectal Surgery

Condylomas are wart-like growths, typically developing in HIV patients having concomitant human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Condylomas are present around the anus, vulva, or tip of the penis.

Brain Surgery

Toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of brain lesions in HIV patients. Brain biopsy is required in patients who do not respond to treatment for confirming the diagnosis.