Nightmare disorder: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Nightmare disorder''' is a [[sleep disorder]] characterized by frequent awakening from [[nightmare]]s with a vivid remembrance of the dream. It is often caused by a major stressful event or from the use of [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|SSRIs]] | '''Nightmare disorder''' is a [[sleep disorder]] characterized by frequent awakening from [[nightmare]]s with a vivid remembrance of the dream. It is often caused by a major stressful event or from the use of [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|SSRIs]]. Most cases reported begin at the age of 10 after a stressful life event. The frequency of the episodes is varied form person to person; generally one will suffer from three or four episodes every week. | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
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The prevalence of nightmare disorder is: | The prevalence of nightmare disorder is: | ||
6,000 per 100,000 (6%) monthly among adults | *6,000 per 100,000 (6%) monthly among adults | ||
1,000-2,000 per 100,000 (1%-2%) frequently among adults<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref> | *1,000-2,000 per 100,000 (1%-2%) frequently among adults<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref> | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
| Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
'''''AND''''' | '''''AND''''' | ||
*B. On awakening from the dysphoric dreams, the individual rapidly becomes oriented and alert. | *B.On awakening from the dysphoric dreams, the individual rapidly becomes oriented and alert. | ||
'''''AND''''' | '''''AND''''' | ||
*C. The sleep disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational,or other important areas of functioning. | *C.The sleep disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational,or other important areas of functioning. | ||
'''''AND''''' | '''''AND''''' | ||
*D. The nightmare symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication). | *D.The nightmare symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication). | ||
'''''AND''''' | '''''AND''''' | ||
*E. Coexisting mental and medical disorders do not adequately explain the predominant complaint of dysphoric dreams. | *E.Coexisting mental and medical disorders do not adequately explain the predominant complaint of dysphoric dreams. | ||
Specify if: | Specify if: | ||
| Line 90: | Line 90: | ||
*Severe: Episodes nightly. | *Severe: Episodes nightly. | ||
}} | }} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Psychiatry]] | [[Category:Psychiatry]] | ||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Sleep disorders]] | [[Category:Sleep disorders]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Latest revision as of 18:49, 31 October 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]
Overview
Nightmare disorder is a sleep disorder characterized by frequent awakening from nightmares with a vivid remembrance of the dream. It is often caused by a major stressful event or from the use of SSRIs. Most cases reported begin at the age of 10 after a stressful life event. The frequency of the episodes is varied form person to person; generally one will suffer from three or four episodes every week.
Differential Diagnosis
- Bereavement
- Breathing-related sleep disorders
- Medication or substance use
- Antidepressants
- Amphetamine
- Antihypertensives
- Beta-adrenergic antagonists
- Cocaine
- Dopaminergics
- Melatonin
- smoking cessation aids
- Narcolepsy
- Nocturnal seizures
- Panic disorder
- REM sleep behavior disorder
- Sleep terror disorder
- Sleep-related dissociative disorders[1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
The prevalence of nightmare disorder is:
- 6,000 per 100,000 (6%) monthly among adults
- 1,000-2,000 per 100,000 (1%-2%) frequently among adults[1]
Risk Factors
- Genetic predisposition
- Irregular sleep-wake schedules
- Past adverse events
- Sleep deprivation
- Sleep fragmentation[1]
Diagnostic Criteria
DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Nightmare disorder [1]
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and that generally occur during the second half of the major sleep episode. AND
AND
AND
AND
Specify if:
Specify if:
Specify if:
Specify current severity: Severity can be rated by the frequency with which the nightmares occur:
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