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{{Malabsorption}}
{{Malabsorption}}
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==Overview==
==Causes==
Malabsorption syndrome is commonly caused by [[gastroenterological]] conditions, including [[bacterial]] infections and other sources of [[liver]], [[intestine]], and [[pancreatic]] [[inflammation]]. It is also commonly caused by sources of [[anemia]].  
===Due to Infective Agents===
*[[Whipple's disease]]
*Intestinal [[tuberculosis]]
*[[HIV]] related malabsorption
*[[Tropical sprue]]
*[[Traveller's diarrhoea]]
*[[Parasites]] e.g. [[giardiasis|''Giardia lamblia'']], [[Diphyllobothrium|fish tape worm]]  ([[Vitamin B12|B12 malabsorption]]), [[Strongyloides stercoralis|round warm]], [[hookworm]] (''Ancylostoma duodenale'' and ''Necator americanus'').


===Due to Structural Defects<ref>{{cite book |author=M. S Losowsky, |title=Malabsorption in clinical practice |publisher=Churchill Livingstone |location=Edinburgh |year= |pages= |isbn=0-443-01007-2 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>===
==Causes<ref>{{cite book |author=M. S Losowsky, |title=Malabsorption in clinical practice |publisher=Churchill Livingstone |location=Edinburgh |year= |pages= |isbn=0-443-01007-2 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>==
*[[blind loop syndrome|Blind loops]]
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;">
*[[Inflammatory bowel disease]]s commonly in [[Crohn's disease]]
===Life Threatening Causes===
*Intestinal hurry from post-[[gastrectomy]], post-[[vagotomy]] and gastro-jejunostomy
*[[Aids]]
*[[Fistulae]], [[Diverticulum|diverticulae]] and [[strictures]]
*[[Atrophic gastritis ]]
*Infiltrative conditions such as [[amyloidosis]], [[lymphoma]] and eosinophilic gastroenteropathy
*[[Bacterial overgrowth]]
*[[Radiation enteritis]]
*[[Carcinoid syndrome]]
*[[Systemic sclerosis]] and collagen vascular diseases
*[[Carcinoma of pancreas]]
*[[Chronic pancreatitis]]
*[[Cirrhosis]]
*[[Cystic fibrosis]]
*[[Hiv related malabsorption]]
*[[Ileal disease ]]
*[[Intestinal lymphoma]]
*[[Intestinal trauma]]
*[[Intestinal tuberculosis]]
*[[Liver disease]]
*[[Lymphoma ]]
*[[Mastocytosis]]
*[[Pancreatic insufficiencies]]
*[[Pancreatitis]]
*[[Terminal ileal disease]]


===Due to Mucosal Abnormality===
===Common Causes===  
*[[Atrophic gastritis]]
*[[B12 malabsorption]]
*[[Celiac disease]]
*[[Celiac disease]]
*Cows' milk intolerance
*[[Celiac sprue]]
*Soya milk intolerance
*[[Cholestasis]]
*[[Chronic pancreatitis]]
*[[Cirrhosis]]
*[[Crohn's disease]]
*[[Disaccharidase deficiency]] 
*[[Gallbladder disease]]
*[[Giardia lamblia]]
*[[Giardiasis]]
*[[Hiv related malabsorption]]
*[[Intestinal radiation therapy]]
*[[Intestinal surgery]]
*[[Intestinal trauma]]
*[[Intestinal tuberculosis]]
*[[Lactase deficiency ]],
*[[Laxative abuse]],
*[[Liver disease]],
*[[Menetrier disease]],
*[[Obstructive jaundice]],
*[[Pancreatic insufficiencies]],
*[[Pancreatitis]],
*[[Postgastrectomy syndrome]],
*[[Short bowel syndrome]],
*[[Short gut syndrome]],
*[[Soya milk intolerance]],
*[[Ulcerative colitis]],
*[[Whipple's disease]],


===Due to Enzyme Defeciencies===
===Causes by Organ System===
*Lactase deficiency inducing [[lactose intolerance]] (constitutional, secondary or rarely congenital)
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
*[[Sucrose intolerance]]  
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
*Intestinal disaccharidase defeciency
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |  [[Abetalipoproteinemia]],  [[Anderson disease]],  [[Apolipoprotein b deficiency]],  [[Cholesterol ester storage disease]],  [[Strictures]],  [[Systemic sclerosis ]]
*Intestinal enteropeptidase defeciency
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cholestatic jaundice]],  [[Collagen vascular diseases]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Colchicine]],  [[Colestyramine]],  [[Efavirenz]],  [[Laxative abuse]],  [[Metformin]],  [[Neomycin]],  [[Prolonged antibiotic use]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Addison's disease]],  [[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1]],  [[Hyperparathyroidism ]],  [[Hyperthyroidism]],  [[Hypoparathyroidism]],  [[Hypothyroidism ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alagille syndrome]],  [[Atrophic gastritis ]],  [[B12 malabsorption]],  [[Bile acid malabsorption syndrome]],  [[Bile salt malabsorption]],  [[Biliary atresia]],  [[Blind loops]],  [[Canada-cronkhite syndrome]],  [[Carcinoma of pancreas]],  [[Celiac disease]],  [[Celiac sprue]],  [[Cholestasis]],  [[Cholestatic jaundice]],  [[Chronic cholestasis]],  [[Chronic granulomatous disease]],  [[Chronic pancreatitis]],  [[Chylomicron retention disease]],  [[Cirrhosis]],  [[Cow's milk intolerance]],  [[Crohn's disease]],  [[Disaccharidase deficiency]],  [[Diverticulae]],  [[Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy]],  [[Fistulae]],  [[Gallbladder disease]],  [[Giardia lamblia]],  [[Giardiasis]],  [[Graft versus host disease]],  [[Hiv related malabsorption]],  [[Ileal disease ]],  [[Intestinal disaccharidase deficiency]],  [[Intestinal enteropeptidase deficiency]],  [[Intestinal lymphangiectasia]],  [[Intestinal lymphoma]],  [[Intestinal radiation therapy]],  [[Intestinal surgery]],  [[Intestinal trauma]],  [[Intestinal tuberculosis]],  [[Lactase deficiency ]],  [[Laxative abuse]],  [[Liver disease]],  [[Menetrier disease]],  [[Obstructive jaundice]],  [[Pancreatic insufficiencies]],  [[Pancreatitis]],  [[Pearson marrow-pancreas syndrome]],  [[Post billroth ii procedure]],  [[Postgastrectomy syndrome]],  [[Radiation enteritis]],  [[Short bowel syndrome]],  [[Short gut syndrome]],  [[Shwachman-diamond syndrome]],  [[Soya milk intolerance]], [[Terminal ileal disease]],  [[Trichohepatoenteric syndrome 1]],  [[Tropical sprue]],  [[Ulcerative colitis]],  [[Whipple's disease]],  [[Zollinger-ellison syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alagille syndrome]],  [[Canada-cronkhite syndrome]],  [[Disaccharidase deficiency]],  [[Hartnup's disease]],  [[Johanson-blizzard syndrome]],  [[Trypsinogen deficiency]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[3-beta-hydroxy-delta-5-c27-steroid oxidoreductase deficiency]],  [[Abetalipoproteinemia]],  [[Apolipoprotein b deficiency]],  [[B12 malabsorption]],  [[Common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia]],  [[Diabetes mellitus]],  [[Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy]],  [[Hypogammaglobulinaemia]],  [[Ileal disease ]],  [[Obstructive jaundice]],  [[Pernicious anemia ]],  [[Shwachman-diamond syndrome]],  [[Small bowel lymphoma]],  [[Sucrase-isomaltase deficiency]],  [[Sucrose intolerance]],  [[Terminal ileal disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Intestinal radiation therapy]],  [[Intestinal surgery]],  [[Post billroth ii procedure]],  [[Postgastrectomy syndrome]],  [[Radiation enteritis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aids]],  [[Bacterial overgrowth]],  [[Blind loops]],  [[Fasciolopsis buski]],  [[Fish tape worm]],  [[Giardia lamblia]],  [[Giardiasis]],  [[Hiv related malabsorption]],  [[Hookworm]],  [[Intestinal tuberculosis]],  [[Pancreatitis]],  [[Strongyloidiasis]],  [[Whipple's disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabetes mellitus]],  [[Malnutrition]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carcinoid syndrome]],  [[Carcinoma of pancreas]],  [[Intestinal lymphoma]],  [[Lymphoma ]],  [[Mastocytosis]],  [[Small bowel lymphoma]],  [[Zollinger-ellison syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Gallbladder disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alpha heavy chain disease]],  [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Celiac disease]],  [[Celiac sprue]],  [[Cow's milk intolerance]],  [[Crohn's disease]],  [[Cystic fibrosis]],  [[Mastocytosis]],  [[Soya milk intolerance]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aids]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Intestinal trauma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}


===Due to Digestive Failure===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
*Pancreatic insufficiencies:
{{columns-list|
**[[Cystic fibrosis]]
*[[3-beta-hydroxy-delta-5-c27-steroid oxidoreductase deficiency]]
**[[Chronic pancreatitis]]
*[[Abetalipoproteinemia]]
**[[Carcinoma of pancreas]]
**[[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome]]
*[[Bile salt]] malabsorption
**Terminal ileal disease
**[[Obstructive jaundice]]
**[[Bacterial overgrowth]]
 
===Due to Other Systemic Diseases Affecting GI Tract===
*[[Hypothyroidism]] and [[hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Addison's disease]]
*[[Addison's disease]]
*[[Aids]]
*[[Alagille syndrome]]
*[[Alpha heavy chain disease]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Anderson disease]]
*[[Apolipoprotein b deficiency]]
*[[Atrophic gastritis ]]
*[[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1]]
*[[B12 malabsorption]]
*[[Bacterial overgrowth]]
*[[Bile acid malabsorption syndrome]]
*[[Bile salt malabsorption]]
*[[Biliary atresia]]
*[[Blind loops]]
*[[Canada-cronkhite syndrome]]
*[[Carcinoid syndrome]]
*[[Carcinoma of pancreas]]
*[[Celiac disease]]
*[[Celiac sprue]]
*[[Cholestasis]]
*[[Cholestatic jaundice]]
*[[Cholesterol ester storage disease]]
*[[Chronic cholestasis]]
*[[Chronic granulomatous disease]]
*[[Chronic pancreatitis]]
*[[Chylomicron retention disease]]
*[[Cirrhosis]]
*[[Colchicine]]
*[[Colestyramine]]
*[[Collagen vascular diseases]]
*[[Common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia]]
*[[Cow's milk intolerance]]
*[[Crohn disease]]
*[[Crohn's disease]]
*[[Cystic fibrosis]]
*[[Diabetes mellitus]]
*[[Diabetes mellitus]]
*[[Hyperparathyroidism]] and [[hypoparathyroidism]]
*[[Disaccharidase deficiency]]
*[[Carcinoid syndrome]]
*[[Diverticulae]]
*[[Efavirenz]]
*[[Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy]]
*[[Fasciolopsis buski]]
*[[Fish tape worm]]
*[[Fistulae]]
*[[Gallbladder disease]]
*[[Giardia lamblia]]
*[[Giardiasis]]
*[[Graft versus host disease]]
*[[Hartnup's disease]]
*[[Hiv related malabsorption]]
*[[Hookworm]]
*[[Hyperparathyroidism ]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hypogammaglobulinaemia]]
*[[Hypoparathyroidism]]
*[[Hypothyroidism ]]
*[[Ileal disease ]]
*[[Intestinal disaccharidase deficiency]]
*[[Intestinal enteropeptidase deficiency]]
*[[Intestinal lymphangiectasia]]
*[[Intestinal lymphoma]]
*[[Intestinal radiation therapy]]
*[[Intestinal surgery]]
*[[Intestinal trauma]]
*[[Intestinal tuberculosis]]
*[[Johanson-blizzard syndrome]]
*[[Lactase deficiency ]]
*[[Laxative abuse]]
*[[Liver disease]]
*[[Lymphoma ]]
*[[Malnutrition]]
*[[Malnutrition]]
*[[Abetalipoproteinemia|Abeta-lipoproteinemia]]
*[[Mastocytosis]]
 
*[[Menetrier disease]]
===Due to Drug Side Effect===
*[[Metformin]]
*[[metformin]]
*[[Neomycin]]
*[[Obstructive jaundice]]
*[[Pancreatic insufficiencies]]
*[[Pancreatitis]]
*[[Pearson marrow-pancreas syndrome]]
*[[Pernicious anemia ]]
*[[Post billroth ii procedure]]
*[[Postgastrectomy syndrome]]
*[[Prolonged antibiotic use]]
*[[Radiation enteritis]]
*[[Short bowel syndrome]]
*[[Short gut syndrome]]
*[[Shwachman-diamond syndrome]]
*[[Small bowel lymphoma]]
*[[Soya milk intolerance]]
*[[Strictures]]
*[[Strongyloidiasis]]
*[[Sucrase-isomaltase deficiency]]
*[[Sucrose intolerance]]
*[[Systemic sclerosis ]]
*[[Terminal ileal disease]]
*[[Traveller's diarrhoea]]
*[[Trichohepatoenteric syndrome 1]]
*[[Tropical sprue]]
*[[Trypsinogen deficiency]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Whipple's disease]]
*[[Zollinger-ellison syndrome]]
}}
</div>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}


{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
 
[[Category:Needs causes]]
{{WS}}
[[Category:Needs content]]
{{WH}}

Latest revision as of 21:53, 10 January 2020

Malabsorption

Home

Overview

Classification

Infection
Structural defect
Digestive failure
Systemic disease
Iatrogenic

Differentiating Malabsorption from other Diseases

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maheep Sangha, M.B.B.S. Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Malabsorption syndrome is commonly caused by gastroenterological conditions, including bacterial infections and other sources of liver, intestine, and pancreatic inflammation. It is also commonly caused by sources of anemia.

Causes[1]

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Abetalipoproteinemia, Anderson disease, Apolipoprotein b deficiency, Cholesterol ester storage disease, Strictures, Systemic sclerosis 
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Cholestatic jaundice, Collagen vascular diseases
Drug Side Effect Colchicine, Colestyramine, Efavirenz, Laxative abuse, Metformin, Neomycin, Prolonged antibiotic use
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Addison's disease, Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, Hyperparathyroidism , Hyperthyroidism, Hypoparathyroidism, Hypothyroidism 
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Alagille syndrome, Atrophic gastritis , B12 malabsorption, Bile acid malabsorption syndrome, Bile salt malabsorption, Biliary atresia, Blind loops, Canada-cronkhite syndrome, Carcinoma of pancreas, Celiac disease, Celiac sprue, Cholestasis, Cholestatic jaundice, Chronic cholestasis, Chronic granulomatous disease, Chronic pancreatitis, Chylomicron retention disease, Cirrhosis, Cow's milk intolerance, Crohn's disease, Disaccharidase deficiency, Diverticulae, Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy, Fistulae, Gallbladder disease, Giardia lamblia, Giardiasis, Graft versus host disease, Hiv related malabsorption, Ileal disease , Intestinal disaccharidase deficiency, Intestinal enteropeptidase deficiency, Intestinal lymphangiectasia, Intestinal lymphoma, Intestinal radiation therapy, Intestinal surgery, Intestinal trauma, Intestinal tuberculosis, Lactase deficiency , Laxative abuse, Liver disease, Menetrier disease, Obstructive jaundice, Pancreatic insufficiencies, Pancreatitis, Pearson marrow-pancreas syndrome, Post billroth ii procedure, Postgastrectomy syndrome, Radiation enteritis, Short bowel syndrome, Short gut syndrome, Shwachman-diamond syndrome, Soya milk intolerance, Terminal ileal disease, Trichohepatoenteric syndrome 1, Tropical sprue, Ulcerative colitis, Whipple's disease, Zollinger-ellison syndrome
Genetic Alagille syndrome, Canada-cronkhite syndrome, Disaccharidase deficiency, Hartnup's disease, Johanson-blizzard syndrome, Trypsinogen deficiency
Hematologic 3-beta-hydroxy-delta-5-c27-steroid oxidoreductase deficiency, Abetalipoproteinemia, Apolipoprotein b deficiency, B12 malabsorption, Common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia, Diabetes mellitus, Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy, Hypogammaglobulinaemia, Ileal disease , Obstructive jaundice, Pernicious anemia , Shwachman-diamond syndrome, Small bowel lymphoma, Sucrase-isomaltase deficiency, Sucrose intolerance, Terminal ileal disease
Iatrogenic Intestinal radiation therapy, Intestinal surgery, Post billroth ii procedure, Postgastrectomy syndrome, Radiation enteritis
Infectious Disease Aids, Bacterial overgrowth, Blind loops, Fasciolopsis buski, Fish tape worm, Giardia lamblia, Giardiasis, Hiv related malabsorption, Hookworm, Intestinal tuberculosis, Pancreatitis, Strongyloidiasis, Whipple's disease
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic Diabetes mellitus, Malnutrition
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Carcinoid syndrome, Carcinoma of pancreas, Intestinal lymphoma, Lymphoma , Mastocytosis, Small bowel lymphoma, Zollinger-ellison syndrome
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Gallbladder disease
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Alpha heavy chain disease, Amyloidosis, Celiac disease, Celiac sprue, Cow's milk intolerance, Crohn's disease, Cystic fibrosis, Mastocytosis, Soya milk intolerance
Sexual Aids
Trauma Intestinal trauma
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ M. S Losowsky,. Malabsorption in clinical practice. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 0-443-01007-2.

Template:WS Template:WH

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