Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years of age worldwide. Both children and the elderly are at a higher risk for pneumonia complications. Countries in the Middle East and Africa have a higher mortality rate among children with pneumonia.
Pneumonia is the ninth leading cause of death in the United States. It is the leading cause of death worldwide for children younger than 5 years of age. Both children and the elderly are at a higher risk for pneumonia complications. Countries in the Middle East and Africa have a higher pneumonia caused mortality rate amongst children.
==Epidemiology==
==Epidemiology==
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|[[File:Percentage_of_adults_aged_65_and_over_who_had_ever_received_a_pneumococcal_vaccination_United_States,_1997–2012.png|thumb|450px|''' Percentage of adults aged 65 and over who had ever received a pneumococcal vaccination: United States, 1997–2012'''<br> Graph obtained from CDC <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/earlyrelease201306_05.pdf |title=CDC Early Release of Selected Estimates Based on Data From the 2012 National Health Interview Survey - Receipt of pneumococcal vaccination}}</ref>]]
|[[File:Percentage_of_adults_aged_65_and_over_who_had_ever_received_a_pneumococcal_vaccination_United_States,_1997–2012.png|thumb|450px|''' Percentage of adults aged 65 and over who had ever received a pneumococcal vaccination: United States, 1997–2012'''<br> Graph obtained from CDC <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/earlyrelease201306_05.pdf |title=CDC Early Release of Selected Estimates Based on Data From the 2012 National Health Interview Survey - Receipt of pneumococcal vaccination}}</ref>]]
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* About 3.5 million deaths yearly have been attributed to [[lower respiratory tract infection]]. It is the third most common overall cause of death and the leading cause of death from infectious diseases.<ref name="www.who.int">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = WHO | The top 10 causes of death | url = http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/index.html | publisher = | date = | accessdate = }}</ref>
*As many as 400,000 hospitalizations from pneumococcal pneumonia are estimated to occur annually in the United States. Pneumococci accounts for about 30% of adult community-acquired pneumonia. <ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/clinicians/clinical-features.html| title= CDC Pneumococcal Disease - Clinical Features}} </ref>
* [[Pneumonia]] is one of the leading causes of death in the world and ninth leading cause in the United States. In 2001, 50,000 deaths were due to both [[pneumonia]] and [[influenza]].
*In 2012, 59.9% of adults 65 years and older received a pneumococcal vaccination.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
*As many as 400,000 hospitalizations from pneumococcal pneumonia are estimated to occur annually in the United States. Pneumococci account for about 30% of adult community-acquired pneumonia. <ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/clinicians/clinical-features.html| title= CDC Pneumococcal Disease - Clinical Features}} </ref>
*In 2010, the number of discharges for patient admitted with pneumonia in hospitals in the US was 1.1 million patients. The average length of stay for pneumonia patients admitted to hospitals was 5.2 days.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
*In 2012, 59.9% of adults 65 years and over received a pneumococcal vaccination.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
*An increasing rate of CAP is seen with age. Approximately 5 to 6 cases of [[pneumonia]] per 1000 persons are observed among adults. A pronounced seasonal effect on the number of patients presenting to the emergency department is also noted. During the winter months, there is an approximately 50% rise in the number of cases compared to the summer months.<ref name="Marrie-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Marrie | first1 = TJ. | last2 = Huang | first2 = JQ. | title = Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in Edmonton, Alberta: an emergency department-based study. | journal = Can Respir J | volume = 12 | issue = 3 | pages = 139-42 | month = Apr | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 15875065 }}</ref>
*The number of discharges for patient admitted with pneumonia in hospitals in the US was 1.1 million patients in 2010.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
*''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'' is the leading cause of [[pneumonia]] worldwide.<ref name="Miniño-2011">{{Cite journal | last1 = Miniño | first1 = AM. | last2 = Murphy | first2 = SL. | last3 = Xu | first3 = J. | last4 = Kochanek | first4 = KD. | title = Deaths: final data for 2008. | journal = Natl Vital Stat Rep | volume = 59 | issue = 10 | pages = 1-126 | month = Dec | year = 2011 | doi = | PMID = 22808755 }}</ref>
*The average length of stay for those patients was 5.2 days.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
* An increasing rate of CAP is seen with age. 5.16 to 6.11 cases of [[pneumonia]] per 1000 persons is observed in the community for adults. A pronounced seasonal effect on the number of patients presenting to emergency department was also noted. During the winter months, there was up to a 50% increase in the number of cases compared with the summer months.<ref name="Marrie-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Marrie | first1 = TJ. | last2 = Huang | first2 = JQ. | title = Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in Edmonton, Alberta: an emergency department-based study. | journal = Can Respir J | volume = 12 | issue = 3 | pages = 139-42 | month = Apr | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 15875065 }}</ref> ''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'' is the leading cause of [[pneumonia]] worldwide.<ref name="Miniño-2011">{{Cite journal | last1 = Miniño | first1 = AM. | last2 = Murphy | first2 = SL. | last3 = Xu | first3 = J. | last4 = Kochanek | first4 = KD. | title = Deaths: final data for 2008. | journal = Natl Vital Stat Rep | volume = 59 | issue = 10 | pages = 1-126 | month = Dec | year = 2011 | doi = | PMID = 22808755 }}</ref>
* [[Pneumonia]] and [[influenza]] are the eighth and seventh cause of death in the United states and Canada respectively.<ref name="File-2010">{{Cite journal | last1 = File | first1 = TM. | last2 = Marrie | first2 = TJ. | title = Burden of community-acquired pneumonia in North American adults. | journal = Postgrad Med | volume = 122 | issue = 2 | pages = 130-41 | month = Mar | year = 2010 | doi = 10.3810/pgm.2010.03.2130 | PMID = 20203464 }}</ref><ref name="Kung-2008">{{Cite journal | last1 = Kung | first1 = HC. | last2 = Hoyert | first2 = DL. | last3 = Xu | first3 = J. | last4 = Murphy | first4 = SL. | title = Deaths: final data for 2005. | journal = Natl Vital Stat Rep | volume = 56 | issue = 10 | pages = 1-120 | month = Apr | year = 2008 | doi = | PMID = 18512336 }}</ref>
*A death rate of more than 60000 persons was recorded in 2005 due to pneumonia in ages more than 15 years. A difference in mortality ratio is observed in different countries like in United States/Canada 7.3 percent, Latin America 13.3 percent, Europe 9.1 percent.<ref name="Arnold-2013">{{Cite journal | last1 = Arnold | first1 = FW. | last2 = Wiemken | first2 = TL. | last3 = Peyrani | first3 = P. | last4 = Ramirez | first4 = JA. | last5 = Brock | first5 = GN. | title = Mortality differences among hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia in three world regions: results from the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organization (CAPO) International Cohort Study. | journal = Respir Med | volume = 107 | issue = 7 | pages = 1101-11 | month = Jul | year = 2013 | doi = 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.04.003 | PMID = 23660396 }}</ref>
===Mortality===
===Mortality===
* About 3.5 million deaths yearly have been attributed to [[lower respiratory tract infection]]s (LRTI). LTRIs are the third most common cause of overall death and the leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide.<ref name="www.who.int">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = WHO | The top 10 causes of death | url = http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/index.html | publisher = | date = | accessdate = }}</ref>
* [[Pneumonia]] is the ninth leading cause of death in the United States.
* The number of deaths in the US in 2011 attributed to pneumonia was 52,294. <ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
* Pneumonia mortality rate was 16.8 deaths per 100,000 in the US in 2011. <ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
* A higher mortality rate is seen in invasive diseases, nursing home patients and severe [[bacteremia]].
* A higher mortality rate is seen in invasive diseases, nursing home patients and severe [[bacteremia]].
* More than 40 % mortality rate is seen in ICU admitted patients.
* More than 40 % mortality rate is seen in ICU admitted patients.
* The number of deaths in the US in 2011 was 52,294. <ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
* 16.8 deaths per 100,000 population in the US was reported in 2011 due to pneumonia. <ref name=CDC>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/pneumonia.htm| title=CDC Pneumonia FastStats}} </ref>
* The percentage of hospital inpatient deaths from pneumonia in the US 2006 was 3.4%. <ref>http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_13/sr13_168.pdf</ref>
* The percentage of hospital inpatient deaths from pneumonia in the US 2006 was 3.4%. <ref>http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_13/sr13_168.pdf</ref>
===Age===
*Individuals older than 85 years of age are at a particularly high risk of developing CAP that can reach an annual rate of 5-10%.<ref name="pmid15578365">{{cite journal| author=Jackson ML, Neuzil KM, Thompson WW, Shay DK, Yu O, Hanson CA et al.| title=The burden of community-acquired pneumonia in seniors: results of a population-based study. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2004 | volume= 39 | issue= 11 | pages= 1642-50 | pmid=15578365 | doi=10.1086/425615 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15578365 }} </ref>
*Individuals younger than 3 years and older than 65 years of age are more likely to be hospitalized with severe symptoms and complications.
===Gender===
*The risk of CAP is similar in males and females.
==Incidence of Community–Acquired Pneumonia in 2010 in Children 0–4 Years of Age in 192 Countries<ref name="pmid23826505">{{cite journal| author=Rudan I, O'Brien KL, Nair H, Liu L, Theodoratou E, Qazi S et al.| title=Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia in 2010: estimates of incidence, severe morbidity, mortality, underlying risk factors and causative pathogens for 192 countries. | journal=J Glob Health | year= 2013 | volume= 3 | issue= 1 | pages= 010401 | pmid=23826505 | doi=10.7189/jogh.03.010401 | pmc=PMC3700032 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23826505 }} </ref>==
==Incidence of Community–Acquired Pneumonia in 2010 in Children 0–4 Years of Age in 192 Countries<ref name="pmid23826505">{{cite journal| author=Rudan I, O'Brien KL, Nair H, Liu L, Theodoratou E, Qazi S et al.| title=Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia in 2010: estimates of incidence, severe morbidity, mortality, underlying risk factors and causative pathogens for 192 countries. | journal=J Glob Health | year= 2013 | volume= 3 | issue= 1 | pages= 010401 | pmid=23826505 | doi=10.7189/jogh.03.010401 | pmc=PMC3700032 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23826505 }} </ref>==
Pneumonia is the ninth leading cause of death in the United States. It is the leading cause of death worldwide for children younger than 5 years of age. Both children and the elderly are at a higher risk for pneumonia complications. Countries in the Middle East and Africa have a higher pneumonia caused mortality rate amongst children.
Epidemiology
Percentage of adults aged 65 and over who had ever received a pneumococcal vaccination: United States, 1997–2012 Graph obtained from CDC [1]
As many as 400,000 hospitalizations from pneumococcal pneumonia are estimated to occur annually in the United States. Pneumococci accounts for about 30% of adult community-acquired pneumonia. [2]
In 2012, 59.9% of adults 65 years and older received a pneumococcal vaccination.[3]
In 2010, the number of discharges for patient admitted with pneumonia in hospitals in the US was 1.1 million patients. The average length of stay for pneumonia patients admitted to hospitals was 5.2 days.[3]
An increasing rate of CAP is seen with age. Approximately 5 to 6 cases of pneumonia per 1000 persons are observed among adults. A pronounced seasonal effect on the number of patients presenting to the emergency department is also noted. During the winter months, there is an approximately 50% rise in the number of cases compared to the summer months.[4]
About 3.5 million deaths yearly have been attributed to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). LTRIs are the third most common cause of overall death and the leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide.[6]
Pneumonia is the ninth leading cause of death in the United States.
The number of deaths in the US in 2011 attributed to pneumonia was 52,294. [3]
Pneumonia mortality rate was 16.8 deaths per 100,000 in the US in 2011. [3]
A higher mortality rate is seen in invasive diseases, nursing home patients and severe bacteremia.
More than 40 % mortality rate is seen in ICU admitted patients.
The percentage of hospital inpatient deaths from pneumonia in the US 2006 was 3.4%. [7]
Age
Individuals older than 85 years of age are at a particularly high risk of developing CAP that can reach an annual rate of 5-10%.[8]
Individuals younger than 3 years and older than 65 years of age are more likely to be hospitalized with severe symptoms and complications.
Gender
The risk of CAP is similar in males and females.
Incidence of Community–Acquired Pneumonia in 2010 in Children 0–4 Years of Age in 192 Countries[9]
▸ Click on the following regions to expand the data.
