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==Overview==
Pancreatitis can be caused by a number of causes both intrinsic as well as extrinsic to pancreas. The most common causes include Alcoholism, gallstones and medications.
Common causes of pancreatitis include [[alcoholism]] , [[ gallstones]], [[hypertriglyceridemia]], [[ERCP]], pancreatic tumors, and medications such as [[5-Mercaptopurine]] and [[Azathioprine]] .
==Causes==
==Causes==
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| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hyperparathyroidism|Primary hyperparathyroidism]]
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*[[Premarin]]
*[[Prednisone]]
*[[Prednisone]]
*[[Hyperparathyroidism|Primary hyperparathyroidism]]
*[[Procainamide]]
*[[Procainamide]]
*[[Propofol]]
*[[Propofol]]
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==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]
[[Category:Abdominal pain]]
[[Category:Abdominal pain]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Primary care]]
[[Category:Needs causes]]
[[Category:Needs causes]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Vidit Bhargava, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview Common causes of pancreatitis include alcoholism , gallstones , hypertriglyceridemia , ERCP , pancreatic tumors, and medications such as 5-Mercaptopurine and Azathioprine .
Causes Life Threatening Causes Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening condition, especially if it progresses to necrotizing pancreatitis, and should be treated as such irrespective of the cause.
Common Causes Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular
No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning
Atheroembolism , Cholesterol embolism , Hemorrhagic shock , Hypotension , Intraoperative hypotension
Dental
No underlying causes
Dermatologic
No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect
6-mercaptopurine , Acetaminophen , Acetaminophen and Oxycodone , Alogliptin , Amiodarone , Arabinoside , Asparaginase , Asparaginase Erwinia Chrysanthemi , Azathioprine , Azodisalicylate , Bexarotene , Bezafibrate , Bumetanide , Carbimazole , Chlorothiazide , Cidofovir , Clomiphene , Clozapine , Cytarabine , Cytosine , dabrafenib mesylate , Dapsone , Dexamethasone , Didanosine , Dapsone , Doxercalciferol , Enalapril , Enfuvirtide , Eribulin , Erythromycin , Estrogen , Exenatide , Febuxostat , Frusemide , Furosemide , Indinavir , Ifosfamide , Hydrochlorothiazide , interferon alfacon-1 , Interferon gamma , Interferon alfa-2b , Isoniazid , Lamivudine , Linagliptin , Linagliptin and Metformin hydrochloride , Liraglutide , Losartan , Meglumine , Mesalamine , Mesalazine , Methimazole , Methyldopa , Methylprednisolone , Metronidazole , Minocycline hydrochloride , Nelfinavir , Nilotinib , Nitrofurantoin , Nivolumab , Olsalazine , Omeprazole , Oxaliplatin , Oxaprozin , Oxcarbazepine , Oxyphenbutazone , Pegaspargase , Pegylated interferon alfa-2b , Pentamidine , Pergolide , Phenylbutazone , Ponatinib , Pramipexole , Pravastatin , Premarin , Prednisone , Procainamide , Propofol , Pyritonol , Prednisolone , Repaglinide , Ritonavir , Saquinavir mesylate , Saxagliptin hydrochloride and Metformin hydrochloride , Simvastatin , Sitagliptin , Somatropin ,Stavudine , Sodium stibogluconate , Sorafenib , Sulfamethoxazole , Sulindac , Sulfasalazine ,Tamoxifen , Teduglutide , Tetracycline , Thalidomide , Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole , Valproic acid , Zalcitabine , α-methyldopa
Ear Nose Throat
No underlying causes
Endocrine
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Environmental
Alcoholism , Blunt trauma , Pregnancy
Gastroenterologic
Acute gestational fatty liver , Acute hepatic porphyrias , Acute intermittent porphyria , Biliary sludge , Choledochal cyst , Choledocholithiasis , Cholelithiasis , Duodenal ulcer , Gallstones , Gastric ulcer , Hepatitis B , Hereditary pancreatitis , Microlithiasis , Pancreatic cysts , Pancreatic pseudocyst , Porphyrias , Reye syndrome
Genetic
Aminoaciduria , Apolipoprotein c-ii deficiency , Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1 , Congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 2 , Cystic fibrosis , Erythropoietic protoporphyria. , Familial hypertriglyceridaemia , Hemochromatosis , Hereditary coproporphyria , Lipoprotein lipase deficiency
Hematologic
No underlying causes
Iatrogenic
ERCP , Partial pancreas resection , Posttransplantation
Infectious Disease
Ascariasis , Aspergillus , Campylobacter jejuni , Coxsackievirus , Cryptosporidium , Cytomegalovirus , Fungal infections , Herpes simplex , HIV , Human enterovirus b , Legionella , Leptospira , Leukocytosis , Mumps , Mycoplasma , Salmonella , Teniasis , Toxoplasma , Varicella zoster
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic
No underlying causes
Neurologic
No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic
All-trans-retinoic acid , Hypercalcaemia , Hypertriglyceridemia , Zinc
Obstetric/Gynecologic
No underlying causes
Oncologic
Cholangiocarcinoma , Pancreatic cancer
Ophthalmologic
No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity
Cannabis , Codeine , Ethanol , Thallium
Psychiatric
No underlying causes
Pulmonary
No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte
No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
Autoimmune pancreatitis , Autoimmune sclerosing pancreatitis , Crohn's disease , Necrotizing vascular angiitis , Polyarteritis nodosa , Systemic lupus erythematosus , Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura , Variegate porphyria , Vasculitis
Sexual
No underlying causes
Trauma
No underlying causes
Urologic
No underlying causes
Miscellaneous
Duodenal diverticulum , Ectopic pancreas , Fever , Hypothermia , Idiopathic , Pancreas divisum , Penetrating trauma , Stenosis of pancreatic ducts , Trauma
Causes in Alphabetical Order References
↑ Yang, AL.; Vadhavkar, S.; Singh, G.; Omary, MB. (2008). "Epidemiology of alcohol-related liver and pancreatic disease in the United States". Arch Intern Med . 168 (6): 649–56. doi :10.1001/archinte.168.6.649 . PMID 18362258 . ↑ Forsmark, CE.; Baillie, J. (2007). "AGA Institute technical review on acute pancreatitis". Gastroenterology . 132 (5): 2022–44. doi :10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.065 . PMID 17484894 . ↑ Fortson, MR.; Freedman, SN.; Webster, PD. (1995). "Clinical assessment of hyperlipidemic pancreatitis". Am J Gastroenterol . 90 (12): 2134–9. PMID 8540502 . ↑ Yi, GC.; Yoon, KH.; Hwang, JB. (2012). "Acute Pancreatitis Induced by Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine Proven by Single and Low Dose Challenge Testing in a Child with Crohn Disease". Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr . 15 (4): 272–5. doi :10.5223/pghn.2012.15.4.272 . PMID 24010098 . ↑ Köhler, H.; Lankisch, PG. (1987). "Acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasaemia in pancreatic carcinoma". Pancreas . 2 (1): 117–9. PMID 2437571 .
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