Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic): Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
(Created page with "{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage |indicationType=treatment |blackBoxWarningTitle=<b><span style="color:#FF0000;">TITLE</span></b> |blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000...")
 
m (Protected "Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)": Bot: Protecting all pages from category Drug ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite)))
 
(13 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
|authorTag={{KS}}
|genericName=ciprofloxacin hydrochloride
|aOrAn=an
|drugClass=[[antibiotic]]
|indicationType=treatment
|indicationType=treatment
|blackBoxWarningTitle=<b><span style="color:#FF0000;">TITLE</span></b>
|indication=[[conjunctivitis|bacterial conjunctivitis]]
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">Condition Name:</span></i> (Content)
|adverseReactions=[[blurred vision]],[[allergy|allergic reactions]], [[dry eye]], [[edema]], [[hyperemia]], and [[keratoconjunctivitis]]
|offLabelAdultGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in adult patients.
|blackBoxWarningTitle=<span style="color:#FF0000;">ConditionName: </span>
|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in adult patients.
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">ConditionName: </span></i>
|offLabelPedGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in pediatric patients.
 
|offLabelPedNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in pediatric patients.
* Content
|alcohol=Alcohol-Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
 
<!--Adult Indications and Dosage-->
 
<!--FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)-->
|fdaLIADAdult=====Indications====
 
* CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the microorganisms listed below:
 
'''Gram-Positive''':
 
:*[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
 
:*[[Staphylococcus epidermidis]]
 
:*[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
 
:*[[Streptococcus viridans]] group
 
'''Gram-Negative''':
 
* [[Haemophilus influenzae]]
 
====Dosage====
 
* Apply a 1/2" ribbon into the conjunctival sac three times a day on the first two days, then apply a 1/2" ribbon two times a day for the next five days.
|offLabelAdultGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in adult patients.
|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in adult patients.
|fdaLIADPed=There is limited information regarding <i>FDA-Labeled Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients.
|offLabelPedGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients.
|offLabelPedNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients.
|contraindications=* A history of [[hypersensitivity]] to ciprofloxacin or any other component of the medication is a contraindication to its use. A history of [[hypersensitivity]] to other quinolones may also contraindicate the use of ciprofloxacin.
|warnings='''FOR TOPICAL OPHTHALMIC USE ONLY'''.
 
'''NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE'''.
 
* Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions, some following the first dose, have been reported in patients receiving systemic quinolone therapy. Some reactions were accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, tingling, pharyngeal or facial edema, dyspnea, urticaria, and itching. Only a few patients had a history of hypersensitivity reactions. Serious anaphylactic reactions require immediate emergency treatment with epinephrine and other resuscitation measures, including oxygen, intravenous fluids, intravenous antihistamines, corticosteroids, pressor amines and airway management, as clinically indicated.
|clinicalTrials=* The following adverse reactions (incidences) were reported in 2% of the patients in clinical studies for CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment): discomfort, keratopathy. Other reactions associated with ciprofloxacin therapy occurring in less than 1% of patients included [[allergic reactions]], [[blurred vision]], corneal staining, decreased [[visual acuity]], [[dry eye]], [[edema]], epitheliopathy, eye [[pain]], foreign body sensation, [[hyperemia]], irritation, keratoconjunctivitis, lid erythema, lid margin hyperemia, photophobia, pruritus, and [[tearing]].
 
* Systemic adverse reactions related to ciprofloxacin therapy occurred at an incidence below 1% and included [[dermatitis]], [[nausea]] and taste perversion.
|postmarketing=There is limited information regarding <i>Postmarketing Experience</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
|drugInteractions=* Specific drug interaction studies have not been conducted with ophthalmic ciprofloxacin. However, the systemic administration of some quinolones has been shown to elevate plasma concentrations of theophylline, interfere with the metabolism of caffeine, enhance the effects of the oral anticoagulant, warfarin, and its derivatives, and has been associated with transient elevations in serum creatinine in patients receiving cyclosporine concomitantly.
|useInPregnancyFDA='''Pregnancy Category C'''.
 
* Reproduction studies have been performed in rats and mice at doses up to six times the usual daily human oral dose and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to ciprofloxacin. In rabbits, as with most antimicrobial agents, ciprofloxacin (30 and 100 mg/kg orally) produced gastrointestinal disturbances resulting in maternal weight loss and an increased incidence of abortion. No teratogenicity was observed at either dose. After intravenous administration, at doses up to 20 mg/kg, no maternal toxicity was produced and no embryotoxicity or teratogenicity was observed. There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
|useInPregnancyAUS=There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of {{PAGENAME}} in women who are pregnant.
|useInLaborDelivery=There is no FDA guidance on use of {{PAGENAME}} during labor and delivery.
|useInNursing=* It is not known whether topically applied ciprofloxacin is excreted in human milk. However, it is known that orally administered ciprofloxacin is excreted in the milk of lactating rats and oral ciprofloxacin has been reported in human breast milk after a single 500 mg dose. Caution should be exercised when CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) is administered to a nursing mother.
|useInPed=* Safety and effectiveness of CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) 0.3% in pediatric patients below the age of two years have not been established. Although ciprofloxacin and other quinolones may cause arthropathy in immature Beagle dogs after oral administration, topical ocular administration of ciprofloxacin to immature animals did not cause any arthropathy and there is no evidence that the ophthalmic dosage form has any effect on the weight bearing joints.
|useInGeri=* No overall clinical differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed between the elderly and other adult patients.
|useInGender=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific gender populations.
|useInRace=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific racial populations.
|useInRenalImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with renal impairment.
|useInHepaticImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with hepatic impairment.
|useInReproPotential=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in women of reproductive potentials and males.
|useInImmunocomp=There is no FDA guidance one the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients who are immunocompromised.
|administration=* Topical
|monitoring=There is limited information regarding <i>Monitoring</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
 
<!--IV Compatibility-->
|IVCompat=There is limited information regarding <i>IV Compatibility</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
 
<!--Overdosage-->
|overdose=There is limited information regarding <i>Chronic Overdose</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
|drugBox={{drugbox2 | Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 443526033
| IUPAC_name = 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid
| image = Ciprofloxacin.png
| width = 200
| image2 = Ciprofloxacin-zwitterion-from-xtal-3D-balls.png
 
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Ciloxan, Cipro, Neofloxin
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|ciprofloxacin-hydrochloride}}
| MedlinePlus = a688016
| licence_US = Ciprofloxacin
| pregnancy_AU = B3
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_AU = S4
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration = [[Route of administration#Enteral|Oral]], [[intravenous therapy|intravenous]], [[topical]] ([[ear drop]]s, [[eye drop]]s)
 
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = 69%<ref>{{cite journal |author=Drusano GL, Standiford HC, Plaisance K, Forrest A, Leslie J, Caldwell J |title=Absolute oral bioavailability of ciprofloxacin |journal=Antimicrob Agents Chemother. |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=444–6 |date=September 1986 |pmid=3777908 |pmc=180577 |url=http://aac.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=3777908 |doi= 10.1128/aac.30.3.444|first1=GL |first2=HC |first3=K |first4=A |first5=J |first6=J |issn=0066-4804}}</ref>
| metabolism = Hepatic, including [[CYP1A2]]
| elimination_half-life = 4 hours
| excretion = Renal
 
<!--Identifiers-->
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 85721-33-1
| ATC_prefix = J01
| ATC_suffix = MA02
| ATC_supplemental =  {{ATC|S01|AE03}} {{ATC|S02|AA15}} {{ATC|S03|AA07}}
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 100241
| PubChem = 2764
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00537
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 2662
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 5E8K9I0O4U
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00186
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 8
| NIAID_ChemDB = 001992
 
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=17 | H=18 | F=1 | N=3 | O=3
| molecular_weight = 331.346 g/mol
| smiles = c1c2c(cc(c1F)N3CCNCC3)n(cc(c2=O)C(=O)O)C4CC4
| InChI = 1/C17H18FN3O3/c18-13-7-11-14(8-15(13)20-5-3-19-4-6-20)21(10-1-2-10)9-12(16(11)22)17(23)24/h7-10,19H,1-6H2,(H,23,24)
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C17H18FN3O3/c18-13-7-11-14(8-15(13)20-5-3-19-4-6-20)21(10-1-2-10)9-12(16(11)22)17(23)24/h7-10,19H,1-6H2,(H,23,24)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = MYSWGUAQZAJSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
}}
|mechAction=* The bactericidal action of ciprofloxacin results from interference with the enzyme DNA gyrase which is needed for the synthesis of bacterial DNA.
|structure=* CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) is a synthetic, sterile, multiple dose, antimicrobial for topical use. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial. It is available as the monohydrochloride monohydrate salt of 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid. Ciprofloxacin is a faint to light yellow crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 385.82. Its empirical formula is C17H18FN3O3•HCl•H2O and its chemical structure is as follows:
[[File:Ciloxan structure.png|thumb|none|600px|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.]]
* Ciprofloxacin differs from other quinolones in that it has a fluorine atom at the 6-position, a piperazine moiety at the 7-position, and a cyclopropyl ring at the 1-position.
'''Each gram of CILOXAN®(ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) contains''':
* Active: ciprofloxacin HCl 3.33 mg equivalent to 3 mg base. Inactives: mineral oil, white petrolatum.
|PD=There is limited information regarding <i>Pharmacodynamics</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
|PK=There is limited information regarding <i>Pharmacokinetics</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
|nonClinToxic='''Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility'''
* Eight in vitro mutagenicity tests have been conducted with ciprofloxacin and the test results are listed below:
:*Salmonella/Microsome Test (Negative)
:*E. coli DNA Repair Assay (Negative)
:*Mouse Lymphoma Cell Forward Mutation Assay (Positive)
:*Chinese Hamster V79 Cell HGPRT Test (Negative)
:*Syrian Hamster Embryo Cell Transformation Assay (Negative)
:*Saccharomyces cerevisiae Point Mutation Assay (Negative)
:*Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitotic Crossover and Gene Conversion Assay (Negative)
:*Rat Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assay (Positive)
* Thus, two of the eight tests were positive, but the results of the following three in vivo test systems gave negative results :
:*Rat Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assay
:*Micronucleus Test (Mice)
:*Dominant Lethal Test (Mice)
* Long-term carcinogenicity studies in mice and rats have been completed. After daily oral dosing for up to two years, there is no evidence that ciprofloxacin had any carcinogenic or tumorigenic effects in these species.
|clinicalStudies=* In multicenter clinical trials, approximately 75% of the patients with signs and symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis and positive conjunctival cultures were clinically cured and approximately 80% had presumed pathogens eradicated by the end of treatment (day 7).
|howSupplied=* 3.5 g STERILE ointment supplied in an aluminum tube with a white polyethylene tip and white polyethylene cap. 3.5 g - NDC 0065-0654-35
|storage=* Store at 2° -25°C (36°-77°F).
|packLabel=[[File:Ciloxan image.jpg|thumb|none|600px|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.]]
[[File:Ciloxan ingredients and appearance.png|thumb|none|600px|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.]]
|fdaPatientInfo='''Information For Patients'''
* Do not touch tip to any surface as this may contaminate the ointment.
* Do not use the product if the imprinted carton seals have been damaged, or removed.
|alcohol=* Alcohol-{{PAGENAME}} interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
|brandNames=* CILOXAN®<ref>{{Cite web | title =ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ointment|url =http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=1c292706-a900-4d6f-979e-9c42d6ff2fb2 }}</ref>
|lookAlike=* A® — B®<ref name="www.ismp.org">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = http://www.ismp.org | url = http://www.ismp.org | publisher =  | date =  }}</ref>
|drugShortage=
}}
{{PillImage
|fileName=No image.jpg
}}
{{LabelImage
|fileName={{PAGENAME}}11.png
}}
{{LabelImage
|fileName={{PAGENAME}}11.png
}}
<!--Pill Image-->
<!--Label Display Image-->
[[Category:Fluoroquinolone antibiotics]]
[[Category:Piperazines]]
[[Category:Drug]]

Latest revision as of 19:10, 18 August 2015

Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]

Disclaimer

WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug pages is based upon the FDA package insert, National Library of Medicine content and practice guidelines / consensus statements. WikiDoc does not promote the administration of any medication or device that is not consistent with its labeling. Please read our full disclaimer here.

Overview

Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) is an antibiotic that is FDA approved for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. Common adverse reactions include blurred vision,allergic reactions, dry eye, edema, hyperemia, and keratoconjunctivitis.

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Indications

  • CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the microorganisms listed below:

Gram-Positive:

Gram-Negative:

Dosage

  • Apply a 1/2" ribbon into the conjunctival sac three times a day on the first two days, then apply a 1/2" ribbon two times a day for the next five days.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in pediatric patients.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

  • A history of hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or any other component of the medication is a contraindication to its use. A history of hypersensitivity to other quinolones may also contraindicate the use of ciprofloxacin.

Warnings

FOR TOPICAL OPHTHALMIC USE ONLY.

NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE.

  • Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions, some following the first dose, have been reported in patients receiving systemic quinolone therapy. Some reactions were accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, tingling, pharyngeal or facial edema, dyspnea, urticaria, and itching. Only a few patients had a history of hypersensitivity reactions. Serious anaphylactic reactions require immediate emergency treatment with epinephrine and other resuscitation measures, including oxygen, intravenous fluids, intravenous antihistamines, corticosteroids, pressor amines and airway management, as clinically indicated.

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

  • The following adverse reactions (incidences) were reported in 2% of the patients in clinical studies for CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment): discomfort, keratopathy. Other reactions associated with ciprofloxacin therapy occurring in less than 1% of patients included allergic reactions, blurred vision, corneal staining, decreased visual acuity, dry eye, edema, epitheliopathy, eye pain, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, irritation, keratoconjunctivitis, lid erythema, lid margin hyperemia, photophobia, pruritus, and tearing.
  • Systemic adverse reactions related to ciprofloxacin therapy occurred at an incidence below 1% and included dermatitis, nausea and taste perversion.

Postmarketing Experience

There is limited information regarding Postmarketing Experience of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in the drug label.

Drug Interactions

  • Specific drug interaction studies have not been conducted with ophthalmic ciprofloxacin. However, the systemic administration of some quinolones has been shown to elevate plasma concentrations of theophylline, interfere with the metabolism of caffeine, enhance the effects of the oral anticoagulant, warfarin, and its derivatives, and has been associated with transient elevations in serum creatinine in patients receiving cyclosporine concomitantly.

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA): Pregnancy Category C.

  • Reproduction studies have been performed in rats and mice at doses up to six times the usual daily human oral dose and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to ciprofloxacin. In rabbits, as with most antimicrobial agents, ciprofloxacin (30 and 100 mg/kg orally) produced gastrointestinal disturbances resulting in maternal weight loss and an increased incidence of abortion. No teratogenicity was observed at either dose. After intravenous administration, at doses up to 20 mg/kg, no maternal toxicity was produced and no embryotoxicity or teratogenicity was observed. There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.


Pregnancy Category (AUS): There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

  • It is not known whether topically applied ciprofloxacin is excreted in human milk. However, it is known that orally administered ciprofloxacin is excreted in the milk of lactating rats and oral ciprofloxacin has been reported in human breast milk after a single 500 mg dose. Caution should be exercised when CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) is administered to a nursing mother.

Pediatric Use

  • Safety and effectiveness of CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) 0.3% in pediatric patients below the age of two years have not been established. Although ciprofloxacin and other quinolones may cause arthropathy in immature Beagle dogs after oral administration, topical ocular administration of ciprofloxacin to immature animals did not cause any arthropathy and there is no evidence that the ophthalmic dosage form has any effect on the weight bearing joints.

Geriatic Use

  • No overall clinical differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed between the elderly and other adult patients.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

  • Topical

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in the drug label.

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in the drug label.

Overdosage

There is limited information regarding Chronic Overdose of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in the drug label.

Pharmacology

Template:Px
Template:Px
Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
Systematic (IUPAC) name
1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS number 85721-33-1
ATC code J01MA02 S01AE03 (WHO) S02AA15 (WHO) S03AA07 (WHO)
PubChem 2764
DrugBank DB00537
Chemical data
Formula Template:OrganicBox atomTemplate:OrganicBox atomTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBox atomTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBox atomTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBox atomTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBoxTemplate:OrganicBox 
Mol. mass 331.346 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability 69%[1]
Metabolism Hepatic, including CYP1A2
Half life 4 hours
Excretion Renal
Therapeutic considerations
Licence data

US

Pregnancy cat.

B3(AU) C(US)

Legal status

Prescription Only (S4)(AU) POM(UK) [[Prescription drug|Template:Unicode-only]](US)

Routes Oral, intravenous, topical (ear drops, eye drops)

Mechanism of Action

  • The bactericidal action of ciprofloxacin results from interference with the enzyme DNA gyrase which is needed for the synthesis of bacterial DNA.

Structure

  • CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) is a synthetic, sterile, multiple dose, antimicrobial for topical use. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial. It is available as the monohydrochloride monohydrate salt of 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid. Ciprofloxacin is a faint to light yellow crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 385.82. Its empirical formula is C17H18FN3O3•HCl•H2O and its chemical structure is as follows:
This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.
  • Ciprofloxacin differs from other quinolones in that it has a fluorine atom at the 6-position, a piperazine moiety at the 7-position, and a cyclopropyl ring at the 1-position.

Each gram of CILOXAN®(ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment) contains:

  • Active: ciprofloxacin HCl 3.33 mg equivalent to 3 mg base. Inactives: mineral oil, white petrolatum.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacokinetics of Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

  • Eight in vitro mutagenicity tests have been conducted with ciprofloxacin and the test results are listed below:
  • Salmonella/Microsome Test (Negative)
  • E. coli DNA Repair Assay (Negative)
  • Mouse Lymphoma Cell Forward Mutation Assay (Positive)
  • Chinese Hamster V79 Cell HGPRT Test (Negative)
  • Syrian Hamster Embryo Cell Transformation Assay (Negative)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Point Mutation Assay (Negative)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitotic Crossover and Gene Conversion Assay (Negative)
  • Rat Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assay (Positive)
  • Thus, two of the eight tests were positive, but the results of the following three in vivo test systems gave negative results :
  • Rat Hepatocyte DNA Repair Assay
  • Micronucleus Test (Mice)
  • Dominant Lethal Test (Mice)
  • Long-term carcinogenicity studies in mice and rats have been completed. After daily oral dosing for up to two years, there is no evidence that ciprofloxacin had any carcinogenic or tumorigenic effects in these species.

Clinical Studies

  • In multicenter clinical trials, approximately 75% of the patients with signs and symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis and positive conjunctival cultures were clinically cured and approximately 80% had presumed pathogens eradicated by the end of treatment (day 7).

How Supplied

  • 3.5 g STERILE ointment supplied in an aluminum tube with a white polyethylene tip and white polyethylene cap. 3.5 g - NDC 0065-0654-35

Storage

  • Store at 2° -25°C (36°-77°F).

Images

Drug Images

{{#ask: Page Name::Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}

Package and Label Display Panel

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.
This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

{{#ask: Label Page::Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}

Patient Counseling Information

Information For Patients

  • Do not touch tip to any surface as this may contaminate the ointment.
  • Do not use the product if the imprinted carton seals have been damaged, or removed.

Precautions with Alcohol

  • Alcohol-Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

Look-Alike Drug Names

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

  1. ↑ Drusano GL, Standiford HC, Plaisance K, Forrest A, Leslie J, Caldwell J, GL (September 1986). "Absolute oral bioavailability of ciprofloxacin". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 30 (3): 444–6. doi:10.1128/aac.30.3.444. ISSN 0066-4804. PMC 180577. PMID 3777908. |first2= missing |last2= in Authors list (help); |first3= missing |last3= in Authors list (help); |first4= missing |last4= in Authors list (help); |first5= missing |last5= in Authors list (help); |first6= missing |last6= in Authors list (help)
  2. ↑ "ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ointment".
  3. ↑ "http://www.ismp.org". External link in |title= (help)

{{#subobject: 

 |Page Name=Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
 |Pill Name=No image.jpg
 |Drug Name=
 |Pill Ingred=|+sep=;
 |Pill Imprint=
 |Pill Dosage={{{dosageValue}}} {{{dosageUnit}}}
 |Pill Color=|+sep=;
 |Pill Shape=
 |Pill Size (mm)=
 |Pill Scoring=
 |Pill Image=
 |Drug Author=
 |NDC=

}}

{{#subobject: 

 |Label Page=Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
 |Label Name=Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)11.png

}}

{{#subobject: 

 |Label Page=Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
 |Label Name=Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)11.png

}}

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Ciprofloxacin_(ophthalmic)&oldid=1135023"