Cardiac tumors electrocardiogram: Difference between revisions

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{{Primary tumors of the heart}}
{{Primary tumors of the heart}}


{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}, {{DMakkar}}


==Electrocardiogram==
==Overview==
Replacement of electrically active tissue by inert tissue such as a tumor or [[Chagas disease]] can result in Q waves. Pericardial [[metastases]] can result in [[atrial fibrillation]] or [[atrial flutter]].
:There are no particular ECG abnormalities for cardiac tumors. The ECG changes vary depending on the location of the tumor and do aid in the diagnosis of tumor in combination with other modalities.
 
==Electrocardiogram changes==
 
: There are no ECG abnormalities that are specific to cardiac tumors.
* Nevertheless, based on the area of involvement and propensity to metastasize, cardiac tumors exhibit ECG alterations that can aid in their detection.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ECG Changes in Cardiac Tumors
|-
! Tumor !! ECG changes
|-
| [[Myxoma]] || Findings of [[left atrial enlargement]], rarely arrhythmias, [[conduction abnormalities]].<ref name="pmid22447042">{{cite journal| author=Lamba G, Frishman WH| title=Cardiac and pericardial tumors. | journal=Cardiol Rev | year= 2012 | volume= 20 | issue= 5 | pages= 237-52 | pmid=22447042 | doi=10.1097/CRD.0b013e31825603e7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22447042  }} </ref>
|-
|  [[Papillary Fibroelastoma]] || Nonspecific, patients may have atrial arrhythmias.<ref name="pmid12947356">{{cite journal| author=Gowda RM, Khan IA, Nair CK, Mehta NJ, Vasavada BC, Sacchi TJ| title=Cardiac papillary fibroelastoma: a comprehensive analysis of 725 cases. | journal=Am Heart J | year= 2003 | volume= 146 | issue= 3 | pages= 404-10 | pmid=12947356 | doi=10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00249-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12947356  }} </ref>
|-
|  Rhabdomyoma|| Irregularities of the heart's rhythm, notably as heart block or ventricular tachycardia. The presence of arrhythmias is the most frequent manifestation of rhabdomyoma of the adult variety.<ref name="pmid8863873">{{cite journal| author=Bosi G, Lintermans JP, Pellegrino PA, Svaluto-Moreolo G, Vliers A| title=The natural history of cardiac rhabdomyoma with and without tuberous sclerosis. | journal=Acta Paediatr | year= 1996 | volume= 85 | issue= 8 | pages= 928-31 | pmid=8863873 | doi=10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14188.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8863873  }} </ref>
|-
| [[Cardiac Fibroma]] || The ECG may reveal several abnormalities, such as [[left ventricular hypertrophy]], [[right ventricular hypertrophy]], [[bundle branch block]], [[atrioventricular block]], and [[ventricular tachycardia.]]
|-
| [[Cardiac Lipoma]] || Arrhythmias, including [[atrial fibrillation]], [[ventricular tachycardia]], and [[atrioventricular block]], may result from interference with electrical conduction in the heart.<ref name="pmid10992020">{{cite journal| author=Araoz PA, Mulvagh SL, Tazelaar HD, Julsrud PR, Breen JF| title=CT and MR imaging of benign primary cardiac neoplasms with echocardiographic correlation. | journal=Radiographics | year= 2000 | volume= 20 | issue= 5 | pages= 1303-19 | pmid=10992020 | doi=10.1148/radiographics.20.5.g00se121303 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10992020  }} </ref>
|-
| [[AV nodal tumor]] || It should also be explored in situations involving sudden death and congenital heart block.<ref name="pmid8947350">{{cite journal| author=Cina SJ, Smialek JE, Burke AP, Virmani R, Hutchins GM| title=Primary cardiac tumors causing sudden death: a review of the literature. | journal=Am J Forensic Med Pathol | year= 1996 | volume= 17 | issue= 4 | pages= 271-81 | pmid=8947350 | doi=10.1097/00000433-199612000-00001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8947350  }} </ref>
|-
|Cardiac Sarcomas:
[[Angiosarcoma]],
[[Cardiac rhabdomyosarcomas]],
[[Fibrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma]],
[[Leiomyosarcomas]],
[[Osteosarcomas]] of the heart
 
  || Tumors that invade the myocardium may occasionally manifest with persistent Q waves or even ST alterations on the electrocardiogram (ECG) without coronary artery disease.<ref name="pmid22447042">{{cite journal| author=Lamba G, Frishman WH| title=Cardiac and pericardial tumors. | journal=Cardiol Rev | year= 2012 | volume= 20 | issue= 5 | pages= 237-52 | pmid=22447042 | doi=10.1097/CRD.0b013e31825603e7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22447042  }} </ref>
 
 
 
 
 
|}


==References==
==References==
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Latest revision as of 20:20, 4 July 2022

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Dheeraj Makkar, M.D.[3]

Overview

There are no particular ECG abnormalities for cardiac tumors. The ECG changes vary depending on the location of the tumor and do aid in the diagnosis of tumor in combination with other modalities.

Electrocardiogram changes

There are no ECG abnormalities that are specific to cardiac tumors.
  • Nevertheless, based on the area of involvement and propensity to metastasize, cardiac tumors exhibit ECG alterations that can aid in their detection.
ECG Changes in Cardiac Tumors
Tumor ECG changes
Myxoma Findings of left atrial enlargement, rarely arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities.[1]
Papillary Fibroelastoma Nonspecific, patients may have atrial arrhythmias.[2]
Rhabdomyoma Irregularities of the heart's rhythm, notably as heart block or ventricular tachycardia. The presence of arrhythmias is the most frequent manifestation of rhabdomyoma of the adult variety.[3]
Cardiac Fibroma The ECG may reveal several abnormalities, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular hypertrophy, bundle branch block, atrioventricular block, and ventricular tachycardia.
Cardiac Lipoma Arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and atrioventricular block, may result from interference with electrical conduction in the heart.[4]
AV nodal tumor It should also be explored in situations involving sudden death and congenital heart block.[5]
Cardiac Sarcomas:

Angiosarcoma, Cardiac rhabdomyosarcomas, Fibrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, Leiomyosarcomas, Osteosarcomas of the heart

Tumors that invade the myocardium may occasionally manifest with persistent Q waves or even ST alterations on the electrocardiogram (ECG) without coronary artery disease.[1]



References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lamba G, Frishman WH (2012). "Cardiac and pericardial tumors". Cardiol Rev. 20 (5): 237–52. doi:10.1097/CRD.0b013e31825603e7. PMID 22447042.
  2. ↑ Gowda RM, Khan IA, Nair CK, Mehta NJ, Vasavada BC, Sacchi TJ (2003). "Cardiac papillary fibroelastoma: a comprehensive analysis of 725 cases". Am Heart J. 146 (3): 404–10. doi:10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00249-7. PMID 12947356.
  3. ↑ Bosi G, Lintermans JP, Pellegrino PA, Svaluto-Moreolo G, Vliers A (1996). "The natural history of cardiac rhabdomyoma with and without tuberous sclerosis". Acta Paediatr. 85 (8): 928–31. doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14188.x. PMID 8863873.
  4. ↑ Araoz PA, Mulvagh SL, Tazelaar HD, Julsrud PR, Breen JF (2000). "CT and MR imaging of benign primary cardiac neoplasms with echocardiographic correlation". Radiographics. 20 (5): 1303–19. doi:10.1148/radiographics.20.5.g00se121303. PMID 10992020.
  5. ↑ Cina SJ, Smialek JE, Burke AP, Virmani R, Hutchins GM (1996). "Primary cardiac tumors causing sudden death: a review of the literature". Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 17 (4): 271–81. doi:10.1097/00000433-199612000-00001. PMID 8947350.

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