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{{Teratoma}}
{{Teratoma}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MD}}
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==Overview==
Teratomas are subtypes of germ cell tumors.Teratomas may be classified into four subgroups based on the histology and site features.
 
==Classification==
==Classification==
* '''Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors classification'''
*Teratomas may be classified into four subgroups based on the histology features.<ref name="pmid27528018">{{cite journal| author=Zuquello RÁ, Tagliari G, Bagatini R, Camiña RH, Caron R, Lorencette NA et al.| title=Immature teratoma presenting as a soft-tissue mass with no evidence of other sites of involvement: a case report. | journal=Diagn Pathol | year= 2016 | volume= 11 | issue= 1 | pages= 76 | pmid=27528018 | doi=10.1186/s13000-016-0527-x | pmc=4986345 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27528018  }} </ref><ref name="PetersonBuckley2012">{{cite journal|last1=Peterson|first1=Christine M.|last2=Buckley|first2=Celine|last3=Holley|first3=Susan|last4=Menias|first4=Christine O.|title=Teratomas: A Multimodality Review|journal=Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology|volume=41|issue=6|year=2012|pages=210–219|issn=03630188|doi=10.1067/j.cpradiol.2012.02.001}}</ref><ref name="pmid26894303">{{cite journal| author=Meinhold-Heerlein I, Fotopoulou C, Harter P, Kurzeder C, Mustea A, Wimberger P et al.| title=The new WHO classification of ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer and its clinical implications. | journal=Arch Gynecol Obstet | year= 2016 | volume= 293 | issue= 4 | pages= 695-700 | pmid=26894303 | doi=10.1007/s00404-016-4035-8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26894303  }} </ref>
:* 1. GCTs arise from primordial germ cells, which migrate during embryogenesis from the yolk sac through the mesentery to the gonads.[4,5] Childhood extracranial GCTs can be divided into the following two types:
**Mature teratoma which is benign cystic and solid.
::* Gonadal.
**Immature teratoma which is malignant with some embryonic component.
::* Extragonadal.
**Malignant teratoma with some somatic malignant neoplasm component.
:* 2. Most childhood extragonadal GCTs arise in midline sites (i.e., sacrococcygeal, mediastinal, and retroperitoneal); the midline location may represent aberrant embryonic migration of the primordial germ cells.
**Monodermal teratoma.  
::* Childhood extracranial GCTs are broadly classified as the following:
*Teratomas may also be classified based on the site:<ref name="pmid29798962">{{cite journal| author=Varma AV, Malpani G, Agrawal P, Malukani K, Dosi S| title=Clinicopathological spectrum of teratomas: An 8-year retrospective study from a tertiary care institute. | journal=Indian J Cancer | year= 2017 | volume= 54 | issue= 3 | pages= 576-579 | pmid=29798962 | doi=10.4103/ijc.IJC_294_17 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29798962  }} </ref>
:::* Mature teratomas.
**Intragonadal (ovary and testis).
:::* Immature teratomas.
**Extragonadal (sacrococcygeal, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, and others).
:::* Malignant GCTs.
:::* GCTs comprise a variety of histologic diagnoses and can also be divided into the following histologic types:
:::* Germinoma.
:::* Germinoma.
:::* Dysgerminoma (ovary).
:::* Seminoma (testis).
:::* Nongerminoma.
:::* Teratoma (mature and immature).
:::* Yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor).
:::* Choriocarcinoma.
:::* Embryonal carcinoma.
:::* Gonadoblastoma.
:::* Mixed GCT
 
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 19:21, 4 November 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2], Masoud Bitarafan, M.D[[3]]Amandeep Singh M.D.[4]

Overview

Teratomas are subtypes of germ cell tumors.Teratomas may be classified into four subgroups based on the histology and site features.

Classification

  • Teratomas may be classified into four subgroups based on the histology features.[1][2][3]
    • Mature teratoma which is benign cystic and solid.
    • Immature teratoma which is malignant with some embryonic component.
    • Malignant teratoma with some somatic malignant neoplasm component.
    • Monodermal teratoma.
  • Teratomas may also be classified based on the site:[4]
    • Intragonadal (ovary and testis).
    • Extragonadal (sacrococcygeal, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, and others).

References

  1. Zuquello RÁ, Tagliari G, Bagatini R, Camiña RH, Caron R, Lorencette NA; et al. (2016). "Immature teratoma presenting as a soft-tissue mass with no evidence of other sites of involvement: a case report". Diagn Pathol. 11 (1): 76. doi:10.1186/s13000-016-0527-x. PMC 4986345. PMID 27528018.
  2. Peterson, Christine M.; Buckley, Celine; Holley, Susan; Menias, Christine O. (2012). "Teratomas: A Multimodality Review". Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology. 41 (6): 210–219. doi:10.1067/j.cpradiol.2012.02.001. ISSN 0363-0188.
  3. Meinhold-Heerlein I, Fotopoulou C, Harter P, Kurzeder C, Mustea A, Wimberger P; et al. (2016). "The new WHO classification of ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer and its clinical implications". Arch Gynecol Obstet. 293 (4): 695–700. doi:10.1007/s00404-016-4035-8. PMID 26894303.
  4. Varma AV, Malpani G, Agrawal P, Malukani K, Dosi S (2017). "Clinicopathological spectrum of teratomas: An 8-year retrospective study from a tertiary care institute". Indian J Cancer. 54 (3): 576–579. doi:10.4103/ijc.IJC_294_17. PMID 29798962.