Superior vena cava syndrome history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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{{Superior vena cava syndrome}} | {{Superior vena cava syndrome}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}{{AE}}{{MV}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The hallmark of [[superior vena cava syndrome]] is elevated [[jugular venous pressure]]. A positive history of [[cancer]] and intra-vascular devices are suggestive of [[superior vena cava syndrome]]. The most common [[Symptom|symptoms]] of [[superior vena cava syndrome]] include upper body [[swelling]], [[dyspnea]], and [[cough]]. | |||
==History and Symptoms== | ==History== | ||
The most common symptoms include the following: | * Obtaining the history is the most important aspect of making a [[diagnosis]] of [[superior vena cava syndrome]]. It provides insight into cause, possible recurrence, and associated [[Comorbid|comorbid conditions]]. Complete history will help determine the correct therapy and helps in determining the [[prognosis]]. Specific histories about the [[Symptom|symptoms]] (duration, onset, and progression), associated [[Symptom|symptoms]], and [[drug]] usage have to be obtained.<ref name="pmid16502166">{{cite journal |vauthors=Uberoi R |title=Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease |journal=Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=319–22 |year=2006 |pmid=16502166 |doi=10.1007/s00270-005-0284-9 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Specific areas of focus when obtaining the history, are outlined below: | |||
** History of [[cancer]] | |||
** History of [[Infection|infections]] | |||
** Recent [[Surgery|surgeries]] or [[Intervention (counseling)|interventions]] (eg. intravascular devices) | |||
** Associated [[symptoms]] ([[lethargy]], [[fever]], [[confusion]]) | |||
** Previous response to [[glucocorticoids]] | |||
==Symptoms== | |||
[[Superior vena cava syndrome]] patients gradually develop [[Symptom|symptoms]] as the [[malignancies]] increase in size. [[Symptoms]] occur when [[obstruction]] of [[Venous blood|venous blood flow]] back to the heart is compromised. [[Symptoms]] may begin suddenly or gradually, and may worsen with [[Dizziness|postural changes]]. [[Symptom|Symptoms]] are quite varied among [[benign]] and [[malignant]] [[superior vena cava syndrome]]. They can range from sub-clinical presentation to death. [[Superior vena cava syndrome]] is an [[Oncologic emergencies|oncological emergency]] which if untreated never resolves on its own. <ref name="emedicine">{{cite web | last = Beeson | first = Michael S | title = Superior Vena Cava Syndrome | url=http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic561.htm | accessdate = 2008-03-24 }}</ref> | |||
==Common Symptoms== | |||
The most common [[Symptom|symptoms]] include the following:<ref name="wikibooks">Radiation Oncology/Palliation/SVC Syndrome. WikiBooks https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Radiation_Oncology/Palliation/SVC_Syndrome Accessed on January 13, 2016</ref> | |||
*[[Dyspnea]] | *[[Dyspnea]] | ||
*[[Cough]] | *[[Cough]] | ||
*[[Swelling]] of the face, neck, trunk, and arms | *[[Swelling]] of the face, neck, trunk, and arms | ||
Less common symptoms include the following: | |||
==Less Common Symptoms== | |||
Less common [[Symptom|symptoms]] include the following:<ref name="wikibooks">Radiation Oncology/Palliation/SVC Syndrome. WikiBooks https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Radiation_Oncology/Palliation/SVC_Syndrome Accessed on January 13, 2016</ref> | |||
*[[Hoarseness]] | *[[Hoarseness]] | ||
*[[Chest pain]] | *[[Chest pain]] | ||
*Problems [[swallowing]] and/or talking | *Problems [[swallowing]] and/or talking | ||
*Coughing up [[blood]] | *[[Coughing]] up [[blood]] | ||
*[[Headache]] | *[[Headache]] | ||
*[[Lightheadedness]] | *[[Lightheadedness]] | ||
| Line 22: | Line 39: | ||
*[[Fainting]] | *[[Fainting]] | ||
*Sensation of [[head]] or [[ear]] "fullness" | *Sensation of [[head]] or [[ear]] "fullness" | ||
*Vision changes | *[[Vision|Vision changes]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
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{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
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[[Category:Oncology]] | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Hematology]] | |||
[[Category:Vascular medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
Latest revision as of 13:56, 12 April 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
The hallmark of superior vena cava syndrome is elevated jugular venous pressure. A positive history of cancer and intra-vascular devices are suggestive of superior vena cava syndrome. The most common symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome include upper body swelling, dyspnea, and cough.
History
- Obtaining the history is the most important aspect of making a diagnosis of superior vena cava syndrome. It provides insight into cause, possible recurrence, and associated comorbid conditions. Complete history will help determine the correct therapy and helps in determining the prognosis. Specific histories about the symptoms (duration, onset, and progression), associated symptoms, and drug usage have to be obtained.[1]
- Specific areas of focus when obtaining the history, are outlined below:
- History of cancer
- History of infections
- Recent surgeries or interventions (eg. intravascular devices)
- Associated symptoms (lethargy, fever, confusion)
- Previous response to glucocorticoids
Symptoms
Superior vena cava syndrome patients gradually develop symptoms as the malignancies increase in size. Symptoms occur when obstruction of venous blood flow back to the heart is compromised. Symptoms may begin suddenly or gradually, and may worsen with postural changes. Symptoms are quite varied among benign and malignant superior vena cava syndrome. They can range from sub-clinical presentation to death. Superior vena cava syndrome is an oncological emergency which if untreated never resolves on its own. [2]
Common Symptoms
The most common symptoms include the following:[3]
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms include the following:[3]
- Hoarseness
- Chest pain
- Problems swallowing and/or talking
- Coughing up blood
- Headache
- Lightheadedness
- Decreased alertness
- Dizziness
- Fainting
- Sensation of head or ear "fullness"
- Vision changes
References
- ↑ Uberoi R (2006). "Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease". Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 29 (3): 319–22. doi:10.1007/s00270-005-0284-9. PMID 16502166.
- ↑ Beeson, Michael S. "Superior Vena Cava Syndrome". Retrieved 2008-03-24.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Radiation Oncology/Palliation/SVC Syndrome. WikiBooks https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Radiation_Oncology/Palliation/SVC_Syndrome Accessed on January 13, 2016