Urethral cancer classification: Difference between revisions

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VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 14:44, 3 January 2019

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Urethral cancer may be classified based on histology into 3 sub types which include transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. It may also be classified based on anatomical location of cancer into distal urethral cancer, proximal urethral cancer.

Classification

Based on histology

Urethral cancer can be classified based on histology into:

Transitional cell (55%)
Squamous cell (21.5%)
Adenocarcinoma (16.4%)
Melanoma

Based on anatomical location

Urethral cancer can also be classified based on anatomical location into:

Distal Urethral Cancer: ^[1]
- Female: Distal third of the urethra
- Males: Anterior, or penile portion of the urethra
Proximal Urethral Cancer:
- Females: Not limited to distal third
- Male: Bulbomembranous and prostatic urethra

Distal	Proximal
Superficial lesions Distal third of the urethra in females In males: Anterior, or penile portion of the urethra	Deeply invasive. Not limited to distal third in females. Male: Bulbomembranous and prostatic urethra

References

↑ National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq

[cancergov-1] National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Urethral cancer}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{Vbe}}
 ==Overview==
-Urethral cancer may be classified according to cell typies into 3 subtypes: [[transitional cell]], [[squamous cell]], and [[adenocarcinoma]]. It may also be classified into distal urethral cancer, proximal urethral cancer and urethral cancer associated with invasive bladder cancer.
+[[Urethral cancer|Urethra]]<nowiki/>l [[cancer]] may be classified based on histology into 3 sub types which include [[transitional cell carcinoma]], [[squamous cell carcinoma]], and [[adenocarcinoma]]. It may also be classified based on anatomical location of cancer into [[distal]] [[urethral]] [[cancer]], [[proximal]] [[Urethral cancer|urethral]] [[cancer]].
 ==Classification==
 ===Based on histology===
-In an analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data from 1973 to 2002, the most common histologic types of urethral cancer were:
+Urethral cancer can be classified based on histology into:
 * [[Transitional cell]] (55%)
 * [[Squamous cell]] (21.5%)
 * [[Adenocarcinoma]] (16.4%)
+* Melanoma
-Other cell types, such as [[melanoma]], were extremely rare.
+===Based on anatomical location===
+Urethral cancer can also be classified based on anatomical location into:
+* '''Distal Urethral Cancer:''' <ref name="cancergov">National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq </ref>
+** Female: Distal third of the [[urethra]]
+** Males: Anterior, or penile portion of the [[urethra]]
+* '''Proximal Urethral Cancer:'''
+** Females: Not limited to distal third
+** [[Male]]: Bulbomembranous and [[prostatic]] [[urethra]]
+{| class="wikitable"
+!Distal
+!Proximal
+|-
+|
+* Superficial lesions
+* Distal third of the [[urethra]] in females
+* In males:
+** Anterior, or penile portion of the [[urethra]]
+|
+* Deeply invasive.
-The female urethra is lined by transitional cell mucosa proximally and stratified squamous cells distally. Therefore, transitional cell carcinoma is most common in the proximal urethra and squamous cell carcinoma predominates in the distal urethra. Adenocarcinoma may occur in both locations and arises from metaplasia of the numerous periurethral glands.
+* Not limited to distal third in females.
+* [[Male]]: Bulbomembranous and [[prostatic]] [[urethra]]
-The male urethra is lined by transitional cells in its prostatic and membranous portion and stratified columnar epithelium to stratified squamous epithelium in the bulbous and penile portions. The submucosa of the urethra contains numerous glands. Therefore, urethral cancer in the male can manifest the histological characteristics of [[transitional cell]] carcinoma, [[squamous cell carcinoma]], or [[adenocarcinoma]].
+|}
-Except for the [[prostatic urethra]], where transitional cell carcinoma is most common, squamous cell carcinoma is the predominant histology of urethral neoplasms. Since transitional cell carcinoma of the prostatic urethra may be associated with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and/or transitional cell carcinoma arising in prostatic ducts, it is often treated similarly to these primaries and should be separated from the more distal carcinomas of the urethra.
-===Based on location===
-'''Distal Urethral Cancer'''
-These lesions are often superficial.
-* Female: Lesions of the distal third of the urethra.
-* Male: Anterior, or penile, portion of the urethra, including the meatus and pendulous urethra.
-'''Proximal Urethral Cancer'''
-These lesions are often deeply invasive.
-* Female: Lesions not clearly limited to the distal third of the urethra.
-* Male: Bulbomembranous and prostatic urethra.
-'''Urethral Cancer Associated with Invasive Bladder Cancer'''
-Approximately 5% to 10% of men with [[cystectomy]] for bladder cancer may have or may develop urethral cancer distal to the urogenital diaphragm.
 ==References==
@@ Line 47: / Line 45: @@
 [[Category:Nephrology]]
 [[Category:Urologic Surgery]]
+ [[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Oncology]]
+[[Category:Medicine]]
+[[Category:Urology]]
+[[Category:Nephrology]]
+[[Category:Surgery]]