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{{Carcinoma of the penis}} | {{Carcinoma of the penis}} | ||
'''Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]] [mailto:charlesmichaelgibson@gmail.com] Phone:617-632-7753 | '''Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]] [mailto:charlesmichaelgibson@gmail.com] Phone:617-632-7753; {{Swathi}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Carcinoma of the penis may be classified according to cell types into several subtypes: [[squamous cell carcinoma]], [[adenocarcinoma]], [[melanoma]], [[basal cell carcinoma]], [[lymphoma]], and [[sarcoma]]. | |||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
=== | ===Most common malignant penile tumours=== | ||
'''Squamous cell carcinoma''' | '''Squamous cell carcinoma'''<ref>Malignant tumours of the penis. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/penile/penile-cancer/malignant-tumours/?region=ab </ref><ref name="pmid29105175">{{cite journal| author=Cubilla AL, Velazquez EF, Amin MB, Epstein J, Berney DM, Corbishley CM et al.| title=The World Health Organisation 2016 classification of penile carcinomas: a review and update from the International Society of Urological Pathology expert-driven recommendations. | journal=Histopathology | year= 2018 | volume= 72 | issue= 6 | pages= 893-904 | pmid=29105175 | doi=10.1111/his.13429 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29105175 }} </ref><ref name="MarchionnePerez2017">{{cite journal|last1=Marchionne|first1=Elizabeth|last2=Perez|first2=Caroline|last3=Hui|first3=Andrea|last4=Khachemoune|first4=Amor|title=Penile squamous cell carcinoma: a review of the literature and case report treated with Mohs micrographic surgery|journal=Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia|volume=92|issue=1|year=2017|pages=95–99|issn=0365-0596|doi=10.1590/abd1806-4841.20175009}}</ref> | ||
The most common type of penile cancer is [[squamous cell carcinoma]] ( | * The most common type of [[Penis|penile]] [[cancer]] is [[squamous cell carcinoma]] ([[Squamous cell carcinoma|SCC]]). | ||
There are several subtypes of SCC: | * There are several subtypes of [[SCC]]:<ref name="ThapaGhosh2017">{{cite journal|last1=Thapa|first1=Sushma|last2=Ghosh|first2=Arnab|last3=Shrestha|first3=Santosh|last4=Ghartimagar|first4=Dilasma|last5=Narasimhan|first5=Raghavan|last6=Talwar|first6=OP|title=Warty Carcinoma Penis: An Uncommon Variant|journal=Case Reports in Pathology|volume=2017|year=2017|pages=1–4|issn=2090-6781|doi=10.1155/2017/2937592}}</ref> | ||
* | :* '''''Warty carcinoma ([[Verrucous carcinoma|verruciform]]) and [[verrucous carcinoma]]''''' | ||
:* | ::* Looks like a [[genital wart]] and may have a cauliflower-like [[appearance]] | ||
:* | ::* Usually [[slow]] [[Growth|growing]], but they gradually enlarge and can spread deeply into surrounding [[tissue]] | ||
:* | ::* Rarely [[Metastasis|spread]] to [[lymph nodes]] or other parts of the [[body]] | ||
:* | ::* Often associated with [[human papillomavirus]] ([[Human papillomavirus|HPV]]) [[infection]] | ||
* | :*'''''Basaloid carcinoma''''' | ||
:* | ::* Uncommon type of [[squamous]] [[cell]] [[penile cancer]]<ref name="HakenbergDräger2018">{{cite journal|last1=Hakenberg|first1=Oliver Walther|last2=Dräger|first2=Desiree Louise|last3=Erbersdobler|first3=Andreas|last4=Naumann|first4=Carsten Maik|last5=Jünemann|first5=Klaus-Peter|last6=Protzel|first6=Chris|title=The diagnosis and treatment of penile cancer|journal=Deutsches Aerzteblatt Online|year=2018|issn=1866-0452|doi=10.3238/arztebl.2018.0646}}</ref> | ||
:* | ::* Fast growing | ||
* | :* '''''Sarcomatoid carcinoma''''' | ||
:* | ::* Fast growing | ||
===Rare malignant penile tumours=== | ===Rare malignant penile tumours=== | ||
There are several rare types of penile cancer: | * There are several rare types of [[Penis|penile]] [[cancer]]: | ||
''' | '''Adenocarcinoma'''{{cite web |url=https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/penile-cancer/introduction |title=Penile Cancer: Introduction | Cancer.Net |format= |work= |accessdate=}} | ||
* | * Develops from [[sweat glands]] ([[glandular]] [[Cell (biology)|cells]]) in the [[skin]] of the [[penis]] | ||
* | * Occurs much less often than [[Squamous cell carcinoma|SCC]] | ||
* | * Also called [[Paget's disease]] of the [[penis]] | ||
''' | '''Melanoma''' | ||
* | * Develops from [[skin]] cells called [[melanocytes]] | ||
* | * Usually develops on sun-exposed areas of [[skin]], but sometimes develops on the [[penis]] | ||
''' | '''Basal cell carcinoma''' | ||
* | * A type of non-[[melanoma]] [[skin]] [[cancer]] | ||
* | * [[Slow]] [[Growth|growing]] and rarely [[Spread of the cancer|spreads]] to other areas of the [[body]] | ||
''' | '''Lymphoma''' | ||
* A type of cancer that starts in immune cells of the lymphatic system | * A type of [[cancer]] that starts in [[immune cells]] of the [[lymphatic system]] | ||
''' | '''Sarcoma''' | ||
* A type of cancer that starts in connective tissues (tissue that surrounds and supports various organs in the body) | * A type of [[cancer]] that starts in [[connective tissues]] ([[Tissue (biology)|tissue]] that surrounds and supports various [[Organ (anatomy)|organs]] in the [[body]]) | ||
* | * Starts in the [[Connective tissue|connective]] and [[Support|supporting]] [[tissues]] of the [[body]] | ||
* | * Tends to be fast growing | ||
* | * May include [[AIDS]]-related [[Kaposi sarcoma]] ([[Kaposi's sarcoma|KS]]) | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:16, 16 July 2019
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Editor(s)-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753; Swathi Venkatesan, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Carcinoma of the penis may be classified according to cell types into several subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma.
Classification
Most common malignant penile tumours
Squamous cell carcinoma[1][2][3]
- The most common type of penile cancer is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
- Warty carcinoma (verruciform) and verrucous carcinoma
- Looks like a genital wart and may have a cauliflower-like appearance
- Usually slow growing, but they gradually enlarge and can spread deeply into surrounding tissue
- Rarely spread to lymph nodes or other parts of the body
- Often associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
- Basaloid carcinoma
- Uncommon type of squamous cell penile cancer[5]
- Fast growing
- Sarcomatoid carcinoma
- Fast growing
Rare malignant penile tumours
Adenocarcinoma"Penile Cancer: Introduction | Cancer.Net".
- Develops from sweat glands (glandular cells) in the skin of the penis
- Occurs much less often than SCC
- Also called Paget's disease of the penis
Melanoma
- Develops from skin cells called melanocytes
- Usually develops on sun-exposed areas of skin, but sometimes develops on the penis
Basal cell carcinoma
Lymphoma
- A type of cancer that starts in immune cells of the lymphatic system
Sarcoma
- A type of cancer that starts in connective tissues (tissue that surrounds and supports various organs in the body)
- Starts in the connective and supporting tissues of the body
- Tends to be fast growing
- May include AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
References
- ↑ Malignant tumours of the penis. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/penile/penile-cancer/malignant-tumours/?region=ab
- ↑ Cubilla AL, Velazquez EF, Amin MB, Epstein J, Berney DM, Corbishley CM; et al. (2018). "The World Health Organisation 2016 classification of penile carcinomas: a review and update from the International Society of Urological Pathology expert-driven recommendations". Histopathology. 72 (6): 893–904. doi:10.1111/his.13429. PMID 29105175.
- ↑ Marchionne, Elizabeth; Perez, Caroline; Hui, Andrea; Khachemoune, Amor (2017). "Penile squamous cell carcinoma: a review of the literature and case report treated with Mohs micrographic surgery". Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. 92 (1): 95–99. doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20175009. ISSN 0365-0596.
- ↑ Thapa, Sushma; Ghosh, Arnab; Shrestha, Santosh; Ghartimagar, Dilasma; Narasimhan, Raghavan; Talwar, OP (2017). "Warty Carcinoma Penis: An Uncommon Variant". Case Reports in Pathology. 2017: 1–4. doi:10.1155/2017/2937592. ISSN 2090-6781.
- ↑ Hakenberg, Oliver Walther; Dräger, Desiree Louise; Erbersdobler, Andreas; Naumann, Carsten Maik; Jünemann, Klaus-Peter; Protzel, Chris (2018). "The diagnosis and treatment of penile cancer". Deutsches Aerzteblatt Online. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0646. ISSN 1866-0452.