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{{Cystic nephroma}}
{{Cystic nephroma}}
{{CMG}}


==Overview==
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''.
A '''cystic nephroma''', also known as '''multilocular cystic nephroma''', '''mixed epithelial stromal tumour (MEST)''' and '''renal epithelial stromal tumour (REST)''',<ref name=pmid17414095>{{cite journal  |vauthors=Turbiner J, Amin MB, Humphrey PA, etal |title=Cystic nephroma and mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of kidney: a detailed clinicopathologic analysis of 34 cases and proposal for renal epithelial and stromal tumor (REST) as a unifying term |journal=Am. J. Surg. Pathol. |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=489–500 |date=April 2007 |pmid=17414095 |doi=10.1097/PAS.0b013e31802bdd56 |url=}}</ref> is a type of rare [[benign tumor|benign]] [[kidney tumour]].


==Symptoms==
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SC}}
Cystic nephromas are often asymptomatic.  They are typically discovered on [[medical imaging]] incidentally (i.e. an [[incidentaloma]]).
 
{{SK}} Multilocular cystic nephroma, Mixed epithelial stromal tumor, Renal epithelial stromal tumor
 
==[[Cystic nephroma overview|Overview]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma classification|Classification]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma causes|Causes]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma differential diagnosis|Differentiating Cystic nephroma]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma screening|Screening]]==
 
==[[Cystic nephroma natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
Cystic nephromas are diagnosed by [[biopsy]] or excision.  It is important to correctly diagnose them as, radiologically, they may mimic the appearance of a [[renal cell carcinoma]] that is cystic.<ref>Small JE et al. Cystic Nephroma. BrighamRAD Teaching Case Database. URL: [http://brighamrad.harvard.edu/Cases/bwh/hcache/385/full.html http://brighamrad.harvard.edu/Cases/bwh/hcache/385/full.html]. Accessed: July 25, 2009.</ref>
[[Cystic nephroma staging|Staging]] | [[Cystic nephroma history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Cystic nephroma physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Cystic nephroma laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Cystic nephroma x ray|X Ray]] | [[Cystic nephroma CT|CT]] | [[Cystic nephroma MRI|MRI]] [[Cystic nephroma ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Cystic nephroma other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Cystic nephroma other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] | [[Cystic nephroma biopsy|Biopsy]]
 
===Pathologic diagnosis===
[[Image:Cystic nephroma high mag.jpg|thumb|right|250px|High magnification micrograph of a '''cystic nephroma''' showing the characteristic [[simple epithelium]] with hobnail morphology, and the [[ovary|ovarian]]-like [[stroma of ovary|stroma]]. [[H&E stain]].]]
The characteristics of cystic nephromas are:
*[[Cyst]]s lined by a simple epithelium with a ''hobnail morphology'', i.e. the nuclei of the cyst lining epithelium bulges into the lumen of the cysts,
*[[w:ovary|Ovarian]]-like [[stroma (animal tissue)|stroma]] that has a:
**[[w:spindle cell|Spindle cell]] morphology, and has a
**Basophilic [[w:cytoplasm|cytoplasm]].


Cystic nephromas have an immunostaining pattern like ovarian stroma; they are positive for:
==Treatment==
*[[w:Estrogen receptor|Estrogen receptor (ER)]],
[[Cystic nephroma medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Cystic nephroma surgery|Surgery]] | [[Cystic nephroma primary prevention|Primary prevention]]  | [[Cystic nephroma secondary prevention|Secondary prevention]] | [[Cystic nephroma cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Cystic nephroma future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
*[[w:Progesterone receptor|Progesterone receptor (PR)]] and
*[[w:CD10|CD10]].


===Differential diagnosis===
==Case Studies==
[[Cystic nephroma case study one|Case #1]]


*[[cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma]]
{{WH}}
*cystic standard nephroblastoma (cystic [[Wilm's tumor]])
{{WS}}
*cystic [[mesoblastic nephroma]]
*cystic [[renal cell carcinoma]]
*other [[renal cyst]]s


==References==
[[Category:Disease]]
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Types of cancer]]


{{Urologic neoplasia}}
{{Urologic neoplasia}}

Latest revision as of 15:09, 30 November 2015

Cystic nephroma Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

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Pathophysiology

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Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Biopsy

Treatment

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Surgery

Primary Prevention

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Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Multilocular cystic nephroma, Mixed epithelial stromal tumor, Renal epithelial stromal tumor

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Cystic nephroma

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | X Ray | CT | MRI Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies | Biopsy

Treatment

Medical therapy | Surgery | Primary prevention | Secondary prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Template:WH Template:WS

Template:Urologic neoplasia

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