Thyroid adenoma medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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==Medical Therapy== | ==Medical Therapy== | ||
===Management=== | ===Management=== | ||
* Most patients with thyroid adenoma can be managed by [[watchful waiting]] with regular monitoring.<ref name=Welker2003>Treatment section in: {{Cite journal | last1 = Welker | first1 = M. | last2 = Orlov | first2 = D. | title = Thyroid nodules | journal = American family physician | volume = 67 | issue = 3 | pages = 559–566 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12588078}} [http://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/0201/p559.html]</ref> | * Most patients with thyroid adenoma can be managed by [[watchful waiting]] with regular monitoring.<ref name="Welker2003">Treatment section in: {{Cite journal | last1 = Welker | first1 = M. | last2 = Orlov | first2 = D. | title = Thyroid nodules | journal = American family physician | volume = 67 | issue = 3 | pages = 559–566 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12588078}} [http://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/0201/p559.html]</ref> | ||
* According to American Thyroid Association guidelines, no further investigations are required for non-palpable nodules smaller than 1 cm with no clinical features and diagnosed by imaging. | * According to American Thyroid Association guidelines, no further investigations are required for non-palpable nodules smaller than 1 cm with no clinical features and diagnosed by imaging. | ||
* Regular follow-up with thorough physical examination and ultrasound is recommended to check for regrowth. | * Regular follow-up with thorough physical examination and ultrasound is recommended to check for regrowth. | ||
* [[Biopsy]] is recommended 6-12 months after diagnosis. | * [[Biopsy]] is recommended 6-12 months after diagnosis. | ||
* [[Beta blockers]] are used to treat symptoms in toxic patients. | * [[Beta blockers]] are used to treat symptoms in toxic patients. | ||
* [[Thyroxine]] supression therapy for benign thyroid adenoma | * [[Thyroxine]] supression therapy for benign thyroid adenoma has been recommended. | ||
* Injection of [[ethanol]] is sometimes used to shrink the [[tumor]]. | * Injection of [[ethanol]] is sometimes used to shrink the [[tumor]].<ref name="pmid26462967">{{cite journal| author=Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE et al.| title=2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. | journal=Thyroid | year= 2016 | volume= 26 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-133 | pmid=26462967 | doi=10.1089/thy.2015.0020 | pmc=4739132 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26462967 }}</ref> | ||
{{familytree/start}} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | | | | | A01=Thyroid nodule}} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | }} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | | }} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | C01 | | | | | | | | | | | | C03 | | | | | C01= Malignant |C03= Benign}} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |}} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | C01 | | | | | | | | | | | | C02 | | | | | C01= Radioiodine therapy | C02 = Hyrperthyroidism evaluation}} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | |}} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C02 | | C03 | | | | | | C02= Hyperthyroidism | C03 = Euthyroid }} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!| | | | | | }} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C02 | | C03 | | | | | C02= Antithyroid drugs | C03 = No medical treatment required <br> Monitor nodule }} | |||
{{familytree/end}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
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[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | [[Category:Endocrinology]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Oncology]] | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | |||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
Latest revision as of 18:11, 4 April 2019
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Overview
The mainstay of therapy for thyroid adenoma is regular monitoring and supportive therapy.
Medical Therapy
Management
- Most patients with thyroid adenoma can be managed by watchful waiting with regular monitoring.[1]
- According to American Thyroid Association guidelines, no further investigations are required for non-palpable nodules smaller than 1 cm with no clinical features and diagnosed by imaging.
- Regular follow-up with thorough physical examination and ultrasound is recommended to check for regrowth.
- Biopsy is recommended 6-12 months after diagnosis.
- Beta blockers are used to treat symptoms in toxic patients.
- Thyroxine supression therapy for benign thyroid adenoma has been recommended.
- Injection of ethanol is sometimes used to shrink the tumor.[2]
| Thyroid nodule | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Malignant | Benign | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Radioiodine therapy | Hyrperthyroidism evaluation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hyperthyroidism | Euthyroid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Antithyroid drugs | No medical treatment required Monitor nodule | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ↑ Treatment section in: Welker, M.; Orlov, D. (2003). "Thyroid nodules". American family physician. 67 (3): 559–566. PMID 12588078. [1]
- ↑ Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE; et al. (2016). "2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer". Thyroid. 26 (1): 1–133. doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0020. PMC 4739132. PMID 26462967.