Myxoma historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Cardiac | Cardiac myxoma was first described in 1845. In 1951, Prichard described a kind of microscopic [[endocardial]] structure of the [[atrial septum]], which was suggested to be associated with cardiac myxoma. Clarence Crafoord, a Swedish [[cardiovascular]] [[surgeon]] successfully removed a [[cardiac]] myxoma for the first time in 1954. Before 1951, cardiac myxoma [[diagnosis]] was made only at post-mortem examination. | ||
==Historical perspective== | ==Historical perspective== | ||
*In 1845, the first description of a left atrial myxoma was reported by King.<ref name=history> King TW. On simple vascular growths in the left auricle of the heart. Lancet 1845; 2:428-9</ref> | *In 1845, the first description of a left [[Atrium (heart)|atrial]] myxoma was reported by King.<ref name="history">King TW. On simple vascular growths in the left auricle of the heart. Lancet 1845; 2:428-9</ref> | ||
*In 1951, Prichard described a kind of microscopic endocardial structure of the [[atrial septum]], which was suggested to be related to cardiac myxoma <ref name="pmid13129418">{{cite journal |vauthors=Amano J, Kono T, Wada Y, Zhang T, Koide N, Fujimori M, Ito K |title=Cardiac myxoma: its origin and tumor characteristics |journal=Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=215–21 |year=2003 |pmid=13129418 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *In 1951, Prichard described a kind of [[microscopic]] [[endocardial]] structure of the [[atrial septum]], which was suggested to be related to [[cardiac]] myxoma.<ref name="pmid13129418">{{cite journal |vauthors=Amano J, Kono T, Wada Y, Zhang T, Koide N, Fujimori M, Ito K |title=Cardiac myxoma: its origin and tumor characteristics |journal=Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=215–21 |year=2003 |pmid=13129418 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*In 1951, intracardiac myxoma was recognized by [[angiography]] for the first time. Before 1951, [[cardiac]] myxoma [[diagnosis]] was made only at [[autopsy]].<ref name="pmid10830633">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guhathakurta S, Riordan JP |title=Surgical treatment of right atrial myxoma |journal=Tex Heart Inst J |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=61–3 |date=2000 |pmid=10830633 |pmc=101023 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*In | *In 1959, the first [[M-mode echo: principles and classic findings|M-mode]] [[echocardiogram]] was used to [[Diagnosis|diagnose]] a [[Left atrium|left atrial]] myxoma.<ref name="pmid11388092">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pinede L, Duhaut P, Loire R |title=Clinical presentation of left atrial cardiac myxoma. A series of 112 consecutive cases |journal=Medicine (Baltimore) |volume=80 |issue=3 |pages=159–72 |year=2001 |pmid=11388092 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*In | *In 2000, [[gene]] [[mutation]] [[PRKAR1A]] was first identified in the [[pathogenesis]] of [[cardiac]] myxoma syndromes, such as; ''LAMB'' (lentigines, [[Atrium (heart)|atrial]] myxoma, [[Mucocutaneous zone|mucocutaneous]] myxomas and blue nevi), ''NAME'' ([[nevi]], [[Atrium (heart)|atrial]] myxoma, [[Mucin|mucinosis]] of the [[skin]], and [[endocrine]] overactivity), and [[Carney complex]] (myxomas, spotty [[skin]] [[pigmentation]] and [[endocrine]] overactivity).<ref name="pmid3945116">{{cite journal |vauthors=Carney JA, Hruska LS, Beauchamp GD, Gordon H |title=Dominant inheritance of the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=165–72 |year=1986 |pmid=3945116 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15982496">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mabuchi T, Shimizu M, Ino H, Yamguchi M, Terai H, Fujino N, Nagata M, Sakata K, Inoue M, Yoneda T, Mabuchi H |title=PRKAR1A gene mutation in patients with cardiac myxoma |journal=Int. J. Cardiol. |volume=102 |issue=2 |pages=273–7 |year=2005 |pmid=15982496 |doi=10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.05.053 |url=}}</ref>. | ||
*In | ===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ||
*In 1954, Clarence Crafoord (1899 – 1984), a Swedish cardiovascular surgeon, successfully removed a [[cardiac]] myxoma for the first time. This case also represents the first extirpation of a [[cardiac tumor]] on [[cardiopulmonary]] support.<ref name="pmid1417305">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chitwood WR |title=Clarence Crafoord and the first successful resection of a cardiac myxoma |journal=Ann. Thorac. Surg. |volume=54 |issue=5 |pages=997–8 |year=1992 |pmid=1417305 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14173052">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chitwood WR |title=Clarence Crafoord and the first successful resection of a cardiac myxoma |journal=Ann. Thorac. Surg. |volume=54 |issue=5 |pages=997–8 |date=November 1992 |pmid=1417305 |doi=10.1016/0003-4975(92)90676-u |url=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sogand Goudarzi, MD [2] Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [3]
Overview
Cardiac myxoma was first described in 1845. In 1951, Prichard described a kind of microscopic endocardial structure of the atrial septum, which was suggested to be associated with cardiac myxoma. Clarence Crafoord, a Swedish cardiovascular surgeon successfully removed a cardiac myxoma for the first time in 1954. Before 1951, cardiac myxoma diagnosis was made only at post-mortem examination.
Historical perspective
- In 1951, Prichard described a kind of microscopic endocardial structure of the atrial septum, which was suggested to be related to cardiac myxoma.[2]
- In 1951, intracardiac myxoma was recognized by angiography for the first time. Before 1951, cardiac myxoma diagnosis was made only at autopsy.[3]
- In 1959, the first M-mode echocardiogram was used to diagnose a left atrial myxoma.[4]
- In 2000, gene mutation PRKAR1A was first identified in the pathogenesis of cardiac myxoma syndromes, such as; LAMB (lentigines, atrial myxoma, mucocutaneous myxomas and blue nevi), NAME (nevi, atrial myxoma, mucinosis of the skin, and endocrine overactivity), and Carney complex (myxomas, spotty skin pigmentation and endocrine overactivity).[5][6].
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- In 1954, Clarence Crafoord (1899 – 1984), a Swedish cardiovascular surgeon, successfully removed a cardiac myxoma for the first time. This case also represents the first extirpation of a cardiac tumor on cardiopulmonary support.[7][8]
References
- ↑ King TW. On simple vascular growths in the left auricle of the heart. Lancet 1845; 2:428-9
- ↑ Amano J, Kono T, Wada Y, Zhang T, Koide N, Fujimori M, Ito K (2003). "Cardiac myxoma: its origin and tumor characteristics". Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 9 (4): 215–21. PMID 13129418.
- ↑ Guhathakurta S, Riordan JP (2000). "Surgical treatment of right atrial myxoma". Tex Heart Inst J. 27 (1): 61–3. PMC 101023. PMID 10830633.
- ↑ Pinede L, Duhaut P, Loire R (2001). "Clinical presentation of left atrial cardiac myxoma. A series of 112 consecutive cases". Medicine (Baltimore). 80 (3): 159–72. PMID 11388092.
- ↑ Carney JA, Hruska LS, Beauchamp GD, Gordon H (1986). "Dominant inheritance of the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity". Mayo Clin. Proc. 61 (3): 165–72. PMID 3945116.
- ↑ Mabuchi T, Shimizu M, Ino H, Yamguchi M, Terai H, Fujino N, Nagata M, Sakata K, Inoue M, Yoneda T, Mabuchi H (2005). "PRKAR1A gene mutation in patients with cardiac myxoma". Int. J. Cardiol. 102 (2): 273–7. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.05.053. PMID 15982496.
- ↑ Chitwood WR (1992). "Clarence Crafoord and the first successful resection of a cardiac myxoma". Ann. Thorac. Surg. 54 (5): 997–8. PMID 1417305.
- ↑ Chitwood WR (November 1992). "Clarence Crafoord and the first successful resection of a cardiac myxoma". Ann. Thorac. Surg. 54 (5): 997–8. doi:10.1016/0003-4975(92)90676-u. PMID 1417305.