Sandbox: table diagnosis myxoa: Difference between revisions
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 100px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Imaging Technique}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Features}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Description}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Advantages}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Limitations}} | ||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Echocardiography is usually the initial modality used for identification and evaluation of cardiac myxomas | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Echocardiography is usually the initial modality used for identification and evaluation of cardiac myxomas<ref name="pmid7304443">{{cite journal |vauthors=Come PC, Riley MF, Markis JE, Malagold M |title=Limitations of echocardiographic techniques in evaluation of left atrial masses |journal=Am. J. Cardiol. |volume=48 |issue=5 |pages=947–53 |year=1981 |pmid=7304443 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | *Hyperechogenic lesions with a well-defined stalk | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | *Protrusion into the ventricles is a common finding | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Real-time imaging | |||
*Tumor mobility and distensibility | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Limited views of the mediastinum and cannot be used to evaluate extracardiac manifestations of disease<ref name="pmid1943240">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reeder GS, Khandheria BK, Seward JB, Tajik AJ |title=Transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac masses |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=66 |issue=11 |pages=1101–9 |year=1991 |pmid=1943240 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*TEE is an invasive imaging technique | |||
*TT is limited by the imaging window, which can vary with the patient and operator experience | |||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|MRI | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|MRI | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Evaluation of cardiac masses and is of greatest value when echocardiographic findings are suboptimal or when the lesion has an atypical location or appearance | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Cardiac myxomas appear spherical or ovoid with lobular contours, irregular in shape | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
T1: | *Cardiac myxomas appear spherical or ovoid with lobular contours, irregular in shape | ||
*'''T1''' : Low to intermediate signal, but areas of hemorrhage may be high | |||
*'''T1 C+ (Gd)''': shows enhancement (important discriminator from a thrombus) demonstrates uniform heterogeneous enhancement. | |||
T1 C+ (Gd): shows enhancement (important discriminator from a thrombus) demonstrates uniform heterogeneous enhancement. | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | * MRI allows imaging in multiple planes | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | * Provides some functional information such as, flow direction and flow velocity in large vessels | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Cannot show calcification | |||
*High susceptibility to motion artifact | |||
*Dependent on regular electrocardiographic rhythms and cardiac gating | |||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|CT | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|CT | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|CT can be used to accurately image the heart and surrounding mediastinum | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | *Intracardiac heterogeneously low attenuating mass | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | *The attenuation is usually lower than that of myocardium | ||
*Calcification is common | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*CT provides better soft-tissue contrast | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*There is no real-time true imaging with CT and imaging planes are limited to those allowed by angulation of the gantry | |||
*There is no evaluation of small moving structures, such as the cardiac valves | |||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Angiography | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Angiography | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Coronary angiography may be helpful to detect vascular supply of the tumor by the coronary arteries | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Coronary angiography may be helpful to detect vascular supply of the tumor by the coronary arteries | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|The angiographic findings of cardiac myxoma demonstrate feeding vessels, contrast medium poolings, and clusters of tortuous vessels that correspond to tumor vasculature | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | *The angiographic findings of cardiac myxoma demonstrate feeding vessels, contrast medium poolings, and clusters of tortuous vessels that correspond to tumor vasculature | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
*Angiography can detect the concomitant coronary disease and the unique vascular appearances of cardiac myxoma | |||
*Helpful for surgical evaluation | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Invasive imaging technique | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Chest x-ray | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Chest x-ray | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Chest x-ray has no particular findings associated with cardiac myxoma | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Results can be normal | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Low cost | |||
*May be helpful, if calcifications present | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
*Does not provide a diagnosis | |||
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Latest revision as of 13:41, 30 November 2015
Imaging Technique | Features | Description | Advantages | Limitations |
---|---|---|---|---|
Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography | Echocardiography is usually the initial modality used for identification and evaluation of cardiac myxomas[1] |
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|
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MRI | Evaluation of cardiac masses and is of greatest value when echocardiographic findings are suboptimal or when the lesion has an atypical location or appearance |
|
|
|
CT | CT can be used to accurately image the heart and surrounding mediastinum |
|
|
|
Angiography | Coronary angiography may be helpful to detect vascular supply of the tumor by the coronary arteries |
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|
Chest x-ray | Chest x-ray has no particular findings associated with cardiac myxoma |
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- ↑ Come PC, Riley MF, Markis JE, Malagold M (1981). "Limitations of echocardiographic techniques in evaluation of left atrial masses". Am. J. Cardiol. 48 (5): 947–53. PMID 7304443.
- ↑ Reeder GS, Khandheria BK, Seward JB, Tajik AJ (1991). "Transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac masses". Mayo Clin. Proc. 66 (11): 1101–9. PMID 1943240.