Sacrococcygeal teratoma echocardiography or ultrasound: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Ultrasound is used to diagnose sacrococcygeal teratoma in second trimester. | [[Ultrasound]] is used to [[Diagnosis|diagnose]] sacrococcygeal teratoma in [[Pregnancy|second trimester]]. Mature sacrococcygeal teratomas tend to be [[Cyst|cystic]], showing [[anechoic]] component. Immature sacrococcygeal teratomas are much rare and solid type, showing [[echogenic]] mass within the [[pelvis]]. [[Echocardiography]] identifies high output [[Heart|cardiac]] state preceding [[hydrops fetalis]]. | ||
== | ==Ultrasound/Echocardiography== | ||
== | === Ultrasound === | ||
*Fetal echocardiography is recommended in patients with solid or vascular tumors.<ref name = "echo">{{cite journal |vauthors=Adzick NS |title=Open fetal surgery for life-threatening fetal anomalies |journal=Semin Fetal Neonatal Med |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |year=2010 |pmid=19540178 |doi=10.1016/j.siny.2009.05.003 |url=}}</ref> | *[[Prenatal]] [[ultrasound]] is used in the [[Pregnancy|second trimester]].<ref name="us">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson RD, Hedrick H, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Mann S, Rychik J, Liechty K, Adzick NS |title=Sacrococcygeal teratomas: prenatal surveillance, growth and pregnancy outcome |journal=Fetal. Diagn. Ther. |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=15–20 |year=2009 |pmid= |doi=10.1159/000188056 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Echocardiography identifies high output cardiac state preceding hydrops fetalis. | *Sacrococcygeal teratoma presents as a mass near the [[Anatomical terms of location|distal]] [[Vertebral column|spine]]. | ||
*Sacrococcygeal teratoma having an external component may appear as a [[fluid]]-filled [[cyst]] or a solid mass sticking out from the [[body]] of the [[fetus]].<ref name="dd">Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrococcygeal_teratoma#Diagnosis Accessed on December 15th, 2015</ref> | |||
*It may also show [[tumor]] growth obstructing the [[Urinary bladder|bladder]] outlet and causing [[hydronephrosis]]. | |||
*[[Obstetrics|Prenatally]] [[Diagnosis|diagnosed]] sacrococcygeal teratomas are mostly Altman I or II. | |||
*Serial [[ultrasound]] evaluation of [[fetus]], [[placenta]] and [[tumor]] is recommended to follow up on size and solid proportion of the [[tumor]]. | |||
===Echocardiography=== | |||
*[[Fetus|Fetal]] [[echocardiography]] is recommended in [[Patient|patients]] with solid or [[vascular]] [[Tumor|tumors]].<ref name="echo">{{cite journal |vauthors=Adzick NS |title=Open fetal surgery for life-threatening fetal anomalies |journal=Semin Fetal Neonatal Med |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |year=2010 |pmid=19540178 |doi=10.1016/j.siny.2009.05.003 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*[[Echocardiography]] identifies high output [[Heart|cardiac]] state preceding [[hydrops fetalis]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [2]
Overview
Ultrasound is used to diagnose sacrococcygeal teratoma in second trimester. Mature sacrococcygeal teratomas tend to be cystic, showing anechoic component. Immature sacrococcygeal teratomas are much rare and solid type, showing echogenic mass within the pelvis. Echocardiography identifies high output cardiac state preceding hydrops fetalis.
Ultrasound/Echocardiography
Ultrasound
- Prenatal ultrasound is used in the second trimester.[1]
- Sacrococcygeal teratoma presents as a mass near the distal spine.
- Sacrococcygeal teratoma having an external component may appear as a fluid-filled cyst or a solid mass sticking out from the body of the fetus.[2]
- It may also show tumor growth obstructing the bladder outlet and causing hydronephrosis.
- Prenatally diagnosed sacrococcygeal teratomas are mostly Altman I or II.
- Serial ultrasound evaluation of fetus, placenta and tumor is recommended to follow up on size and solid proportion of the tumor.
Echocardiography
- Fetal echocardiography is recommended in patients with solid or vascular tumors.[3]
- Echocardiography identifies high output cardiac state preceding hydrops fetalis.
References
- ↑ Wilson RD, Hedrick H, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Mann S, Rychik J, Liechty K, Adzick NS (2009). "Sacrococcygeal teratomas: prenatal surveillance, growth and pregnancy outcome". Fetal. Diagn. Ther. 25 (1): 15–20. doi:10.1159/000188056.
- ↑ Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrococcygeal_teratoma#Diagnosis Accessed on December 15th, 2015
- ↑ Adzick NS (2010). "Open fetal surgery for life-threatening fetal anomalies". Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 15 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.siny.2009.05.003. PMID 19540178.