Subacute myelo-optic neuropathy: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Subacute myelo-optic neuropathy''' ('''SMON''') is | '''Subacute myelo-optic neuropathy''' ('''SMON''') is an [[iatrogenic]] disease of the [[nervous system]]<ref>{{cite journal|pmid=15152488 | volume=43 | issue=11 | title=[SMON--a model of the iatrogenic disease] |date=November 2003 | author=Takasu T | journal=Rinsho Shinkeigaku | pages=866–9}}</ref> leading to a [[disability|disabling]] [[paralysis]], [[blindness]] and even death. | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
Its defining manifestation was as an epidemic in [[Japan]] during the 1960s, affecting an estimated 30,000 people.<ref name="newint.org">http://www.newint.org/issue095/devils.htm</ref> On August 3, 1978, the [[Tokyo District Court]] ruled that the cause of SMON is [[Clioquinol]]. Its manufacturer, [[Novartis#Ciba-Geigy|Ciba-Geigy]], has publicly stated that "Medical products manufactured and sold by us have been responsible for the occurrence of [SMON] in Japan, we extend our apologies."<ref name="newint.org"/>. SMON was first observed and diagnosed in Sweden 1966, by the pediatrician and neurologist Olle Hansson.<ref name="Inside Ciba-Geigy">Hansson, Olle: Inside Ciba-Geigy, 1989</ref> Clioquinol was marketed as a prophylaxis to tourist diarrhoea. Dr. Olle Hansson was in the front line, fighting for a ban of clioquinol. Doctors in many countries boycotted Ciba-Geigy for many years. Not until 1985 was the pharmaceutical withdrawn. Dr Hansson died a few months later. The day of his death, May 23, is observed as the Anti-Hazardous Drug Day in several parts of the world. | |||
SMON was first observed and diagnosed in Sweden 1966, by the pediatrician and neurologist Olle Hansson.<ref name="Inside Ciba-Geigy">Hansson, Olle: Inside Ciba-Geigy, 1989</ref> Clioquinol was marketed as a prophylaxis to tourist diarrhoea. Dr. Olle Hansson was in the front line, fighting for a ban of clioquinol. Doctors in many countries boycotted Ciba-Geigy for many years. Not until 1985 was the pharmaceutical withdrawn. Dr Hansson died a few months later. The day of his death, May 23, is observed as the Anti-Hazardous Drug Day in several parts of the world. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:51, 4 January 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jyostna Chouturi, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Subacute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON) is an iatrogenic disease of the nervous system[1] leading to a disabling paralysis, blindness and even death.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Its defining manifestation was as an epidemic in Japan during the 1960s, affecting an estimated 30,000 people.[2] On August 3, 1978, the Tokyo District Court ruled that the cause of SMON is Clioquinol. Its manufacturer, Ciba-Geigy, has publicly stated that "Medical products manufactured and sold by us have been responsible for the occurrence of [SMON] in Japan, we extend our apologies."[2]. SMON was first observed and diagnosed in Sweden 1966, by the pediatrician and neurologist Olle Hansson.[3] Clioquinol was marketed as a prophylaxis to tourist diarrhoea. Dr. Olle Hansson was in the front line, fighting for a ban of clioquinol. Doctors in many countries boycotted Ciba-Geigy for many years. Not until 1985 was the pharmaceutical withdrawn. Dr Hansson died a few months later. The day of his death, May 23, is observed as the Anti-Hazardous Drug Day in several parts of the world.
References
Further reading
- Reisaku Kono, "Relation between Subacute Myelo-Optic Neuropathy (S.M.O.N.) and Clioquinol: Nationwide Survey", The Lancet, V301, I7796, January 27, 1973, pp. 171–173
- Reisaku Kono, "The S.M.O.N. Virus Theory", The Lancet, V306, I7930, August 23, 1975, pp. 370–371
- Reisaku Kono, Yoshigoro Kuroiwa, "Subacute Myelo-Optic Neuropathy is not a special form of multiple sclerosis", The Lancet, V320, I8292, July 31, 1982, p. 267
- Hansson, Olle: "Inside Ciba-Geigy". IOCU 1989. ISBN 967-9973-26-3.
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