Mast cell tumor laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Mast cell tumor}} | {{Mast cell tumor}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}};{{AE}} {{PSK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Laboratory tests that may be helpful for diagnosis of mast cell tumor include [[complete blood count]], serum [[tryptase]] levels, plasma and urinary [[histamine]] levels, and coagulation profile. | |||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
===Diagnostic pathway of mastocytosis=== | |||
Following flow chart illustrates the diagnostic pathway of mast cell tumor:<ref name="FerranteScavone2015">{{cite journal|last1=Ferrante|first1=Giuliana|last2=Scavone|first2=Valeria|last3=Muscia|first3=Maria|last4=Adrignola|first4=Emilia|last5=Corsello|first5=Giovanni|last6=Passalacqua|first6=Giovanni|last7=La Grutta|first7=Stefania|title=The care pathway for children with urticaria, angioedema, mastocytosis|journal=World Allergy Organization Journal|volume=8|issue=1|year=2015|pages=5|issn=1939-4551|doi=10.1186/s40413-014-0052-x}}</ref> | |||
*Complete blood count | {{familytree/start |summary=Skin lesions or suggestive clinical}} | ||
:*Thrombocytopenia | {{familytree |boxstyle=background: #DCDCDC; | | | | | | | | | | A01 |A01=<div style="width: 12em; padding:0.2em;">'''Skin lesions or suggestive clinical features'''</div>}} | ||
:* | {{familytree| | | | | | | | | | |!| }} | ||
* | {{familytree |boxstyle=background: #DCDCDC; | | | | | | | | | | A01 |A01=<div style="width: 12em; padding:0.2em;">'''Serum Tryptase''' | ||
:* | '''Complete blood count''' | ||
*Plasma and urinary histamine | '''Complete metabolic panel'''</div>}} | ||
{{familytree |boxstyle=background: #DCDCDC; | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|.| }} | |||
{{familytree |boxstyle=background: #DCDCDC; | | | | | | B01 | | | | | | B02 |B01=<div style="width: 9em; padding:0.2em;">'''Normal complete blood count''' | |||
'''Serum tryptase ≤ 100ng/ml''' | |||
</div>|B02=<div style="width: 9em; padding:0.2em;">'''Abnormal complete blood cell count''' | |||
'''Serum tryptase > 100 ng/ml'''</div>}} | |||
{{familytree| | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!|}} | |||
{{familytree |boxstyle=background: #DCDCDC; | | | | | | C01 | | | | | |C02 |C01=<div style="width: 9em; padding:0.2em;">'''Cutaneous mastocytosis''' | |||
</div>|C02=<div style="width: 9em; padding:0.2em;">'''Bone marrow: biopsy and aspiration''' | |||
</div>|}} | |||
{{familytree |boxstyle=background: #DCDCDC; | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.|}} | |||
{{familytree |boxstyle=background: #DCDCDC; | | | | | | | | | | | | B01 | | | B02 |B01=<div style="width: 9em; padding:0.2em;">'''Negative findings:''' | |||
'''Other diagnosis''' | |||
</div>|B02=<div style="width: 9em; padding:0.2em;">'''Positive findings:''' '''Systemic mastocytosis'''</div>}} | |||
{{familytree/end}} | |||
===Laboratory findings=== | |||
*[[Complete blood count]] | |||
:*[[Anemia]] | |||
:*[[Eosinophilia]] | |||
:*[[Thrombocytopenia]] | |||
*[[Tryptase]] levels<ref name="OzdemirDagdelen2010">{{cite journal|last1=Ozdemir|first1=Didem|last2=Dagdelen|first2=Selcuk|last3=Erbas|first3=Tomris|last4=Agbaht|first4=Kemal|last5=Serefhanoglu|first5=Songul|last6=Aksu|first6=Salih|last7=Ersoy-Evans|first7=Sibel|title=Hypotension, Syncope, and Fever in Systemic Mastocytosis without Skin Infiltration and Rapid Response to Corticosteroid and Cyclosporin: A Case Report|journal=Case Reports in Medicine|volume=2010|year=2010|pages=1–4|issn=1687-9627|doi=10.1155/2010/782595}}</ref> | |||
:*Tryptase which is stored almost exclusively within the secretory granules of mast cells is the most widely used marker of mastocytosis. | |||
:*In healthy individuals, serum tryptase levels range between <1 and 15 ng/mL; however, mast cell activation causes increased tryptase levels. | |||
:*Additionally, tryptase levels in SM are assumed to correlate closely with the cumulative mast cell burden and multiorgan involvement | |||
*Plasma and urinary [[histamine]] | |||
:*Chronically elevated plasma and urinary histamine levels and its metabolite N-methylhistamine | :*Chronically elevated plasma and urinary histamine levels and its metabolite N-methylhistamine | ||
*Partial thromboplastin time | *[[Partial thromboplastin time]] | ||
:*Elevated in a blood sample obtained immediately after attack | :*Elevated in a blood sample obtained immediately after attack | ||
:*Kinetics of blood clotting may be altered due to fibrinogenolytic and anticoagulant activities of tryptase and heparin respectively.<ref name="KoenigMorel2008">{{cite journal|last1=Koenig|first1=Martial|last2=Morel|first2=Jérôme|last3=Reynaud|first3=Jacqueline|last4=Varvat|first4=Cécile|last5=Cathébras|first5=Pascal|title=An unusual cause of spontaneous bleeding in the intensive care unit – mastocytosis: a case report|journal=Cases Journal|volume=1|issue=1|year=2008|pages=100|issn=1757-1626|doi=10.1186/1757-1626-1-100}}</ref> | |||
*Molecular testing for Kit D816V mutation | |||
*[[Liver function tests]] | |||
*[[Renal function tests]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Types of cancer]] | [[Category:Types of cancer]] | ||
[[Category:Pathology]] | [[Category:Pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Oncology]] | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Hematology]] | |||
[[Category:Immunology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 02:31, 27 November 2017
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Mast cell tumor Microchapters |
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Mast cell tumor laboratory findings On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [2]
Overview
Laboratory tests that may be helpful for diagnosis of mast cell tumor include complete blood count, serum tryptase levels, plasma and urinary histamine levels, and coagulation profile.
Laboratory Findings
Diagnostic pathway of mastocytosis
Following flow chart illustrates the diagnostic pathway of mast cell tumor:[1]
Skin lesions or suggestive clinical features | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Serum Tryptase
Complete blood count Complete metabolic panel | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Normal complete blood count
Serum tryptase ≤ 100ng/ml | Abnormal complete blood cell count
Serum tryptase > 100 ng/ml | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cutaneous mastocytosis
| Bone marrow: biopsy and aspiration
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Negative findings:
Other diagnosis | Positive findings: Systemic mastocytosis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Laboratory findings
- Tryptase which is stored almost exclusively within the secretory granules of mast cells is the most widely used marker of mastocytosis.
- In healthy individuals, serum tryptase levels range between <1 and 15 ng/mL; however, mast cell activation causes increased tryptase levels.
- Additionally, tryptase levels in SM are assumed to correlate closely with the cumulative mast cell burden and multiorgan involvement
- Plasma and urinary histamine
- Chronically elevated plasma and urinary histamine levels and its metabolite N-methylhistamine
- Elevated in a blood sample obtained immediately after attack
- Kinetics of blood clotting may be altered due to fibrinogenolytic and anticoagulant activities of tryptase and heparin respectively.[3]
- Molecular testing for Kit D816V mutation
- Liver function tests
- Renal function tests
References
- ↑ Ferrante, Giuliana; Scavone, Valeria; Muscia, Maria; Adrignola, Emilia; Corsello, Giovanni; Passalacqua, Giovanni; La Grutta, Stefania (2015). "The care pathway for children with urticaria, angioedema, mastocytosis". World Allergy Organization Journal. 8 (1): 5. doi:10.1186/s40413-014-0052-x. ISSN 1939-4551.
- ↑ Ozdemir, Didem; Dagdelen, Selcuk; Erbas, Tomris; Agbaht, Kemal; Serefhanoglu, Songul; Aksu, Salih; Ersoy-Evans, Sibel (2010). "Hypotension, Syncope, and Fever in Systemic Mastocytosis without Skin Infiltration and Rapid Response to Corticosteroid and Cyclosporin: A Case Report". Case Reports in Medicine. 2010: 1–4. doi:10.1155/2010/782595. ISSN 1687-9627.
- ↑ Koenig, Martial; Morel, Jérôme; Reynaud, Jacqueline; Varvat, Cécile; Cathébras, Pascal (2008). "An unusual cause of spontaneous bleeding in the intensive care unit – mastocytosis: a case report". Cases Journal. 1 (1): 100. doi:10.1186/1757-1626-1-100. ISSN 1757-1626.