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#REDIRECT [[Pulmonary nodule causes]]
__NOTOC__
{{Solitary pulmonary nodule}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MV}} {{LRO}}
 
==Overview==
Common causes of solitary pulmonary nodule include [[tuberculosis]], [[Lung cancer|primary lung cancer]], [[granulomas]], and [[rheumatic disease]]. Solitary pulmonary nodules can be life-threatening if they are [[malignant]] [[neoplasms]], [[cardiopulmonary]] [[Disease|diseases]] and [[infection]], requiring prompt [[diagnosis]] and differentiation from [[benign]] [[Etiology|etiologies]].
 
==Causes==
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;">
===Life Threatening Causes===
*[[Adenocarcinoma ]]
*[[Blastoma]]
*[[Breast cancer]]
*[[Bronchial]] [[adenoma]]
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
*[[Carcinoid tumor]]
*[[Chondroma]]
*[[Gastric cancer]]
*[[Granuloma]]
*[[Hamartoma]]
*[[Hamartomatosis]]
*[[Hemangioma]]
*[[Hematoma]]
*[[Hypernephroma]]
*[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Metastasis]]
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Neurogenic tumor]]
*[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Lung cancer|Primary lung cancer]]
*[[Prostate cancer]]
*[[Lung|Pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]]
*[[Sarcoma]]
*[[Seminoma]]
*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]
*[[Thyroid cancer]]
*[[Pulmonary abscess]]
*[[Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Pulmonary hamartoma]]
*[[Pulmonary infarction]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Parasitism|Parasite]] [[infection]]
 
===Common Causes===
Common [[malignant]] causes of pulmonary nodule include:<ref name="DDX">Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002: 306-307 ISBN 1591032016 </ref> 
 
*[[Lung cancer|Primary lung cancer]]
 
:*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
:*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Carcinoid tumor]]
*[[Solitary]] [[metastasis]]
*[[Lung|Pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]]
 
Common [[benign]] causes of pulmonary nodule include:<ref name="pmid2019220">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lillington GA |title=Management of solitary pulmonary nodules |journal=Dis Mon |volume=37 |issue=5 |pages=271–318 |year=1991 |pmid=2019220 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 
'''Inflammatory'''
*[[Granuloma]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Fungal infection]]
*[[Pulmonary abscess]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
 
:*[[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]]
:*[[Nocardia]]l [[infection]]
:*[[Parasitism|Parasite]] [[infection]]
 
'''Immunological'''
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
'''Vascular'''
*[[Arteriovenous malformation]]
*[[Hematoma]]
*Local [[infarction]]
 
'''Miscellaneous '''
*[[Pulmonary sequestration]]
*[[Foreign body]]
*[[Pleural plaque]]
*[[Hamartoma]]
 
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Arteriovenous malformation]], localized [[infarction]], [[pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary infarction]], [[Varicose vein|varicose]] [[pulmonary vein]], [[vascular]]
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Thyroid cancer]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Black lung disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Gastric cancer]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Aneurysm]] of the [[pulmonary artery]], [[hemangioma]], [[hematoma]], [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]], [[pulmonary hamartoma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Adiaspiromycosis, [[Aspergilloma]], [[Aspergillosis]], [[berylliosis]], [[Blastomycosis]], [[bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[bronchogenic cyst]], [[Coccidioidomycosis]],  [[Cryptococcosis]], Dirofilariasis, [[Echinococcus granulosus]], [[endometriosis]], [[fungal infection]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[hydatid cyst]], [[Hystiocytosis X]], [[lipoid pneumonia]], [[lung abscess]], [[lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]],  [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]], [[nocardiosis]], [[Parasitism|parasite]] [[infection]], [[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]], [[pneumonia]], [[pulmonary abscess]], [[round pneumonia]], [[tuberculosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Multiple myeloma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Aneurysm]] of the [[pulmonary artery]], [[arteriovenous malformation]], [[neurofibroma]], [[neurogenic tumor]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Breast cancer]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Adenocarcinoma]], [[blastoma]], [[bronchial]] [[adenoma]], [[cancers]], [[carcinoid tumor]], [[chondroma]], [[fibroma]], [[gastric cancer]], [[granuloma]], [[hamartoma]], [[hamartomatosis]], [[hemangioma]], [[hypernephroma]], [[Large cell carcinoma of the lung|large cell lung carcinoma]], [[lung]] [[Metastasis|metastases]], [[lymphoma]], [[metastasis]], [[multiple myeloma]], [[neurofibroma]], [[neurogenic tumor]],  [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]], [[non-small cell lung cancer]], [[Lung cancer|primary lung cancer]], [[prostate cancer]], [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] pseudotumor, [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]], [[pulmonary sequestration]], [[sarcoma]], [[seminoma]], [[small cell lung cancer]], [[solitary]] [[metastasis]], [[squamous cell carcinoma]], [[thyroid cancer]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Black lung disease]], [[bronchial]] [[adenoma]], [[bronchial atresia]], [[bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[bronchogenic cyst]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[Hydatid cyst]], [[lipoid pneumonia]], localized [[scar]], localized [[pleural effusion]], [[lung abscess]], [[lung]] [[cavity]], [[lung]] [[Metastasis|metastases]], [[Mucus|mucoid]] [[impaction]], [[non-small cell lung cancer]], [[pleural plaque]], [[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]], [[pneumonia]], [[Lung cancer|primary lung cancer]], [[pulmonary abscess]], [[pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary hamartoma]], [[pulmonary infarction]], [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] pseudotumor, [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]], [[pulmonary sequestration]], [[round pneumonia]], rounded [[atelectasis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[Pulmonary sequestration|sequestration]], [[small cell lung cancer]], [[squamous cell carcinoma]], [[tuberculosis]], [[Varicose vein|varicose]] [[pulmonary vein]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypernephroma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyloidosis]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[fibroma]], [[granuloma]],  [[immunological]],  [[progressive massive fibrosis]],  [[rheumatoid arthritis]],  [[rheumatoid disease]],  [[rheumatoid nodule]],  [[sarcoidosis]],  [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Foreign body]], localized [[scar]], [[lung]] [[cavity]], rounded [[atelectasis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Prostate cancer]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}
 
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
*[[Adenocarcinoma ]]
*Adiaspiromycosis
*[[Amyloid]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Aneurysm]] of the [[pulmonary artery]]
*[[Arteriovenous malformation]]
*[[Aspergilloma]]
*[[Aspergillosis]]
*[[Berylliosis]]
*[[Black lung disease]]
*[[Blastoma]]
*[[Blastomycosis]]
*[[Breast cancer]]
*[[Bronchial]] [[adenoma]]
*[[Bronchial atresia]]
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
*[[Bronchogenic cyst]]
*[[Cancers]]
*[[Carcinoid tumor]]
*[[Chondroma]]
*[[Churg-Strauss syndrome]]
*[[Coccidioidomycosis]]
*[[Cryptococcosis]]
*[[Cryptococcus neoformans]]
*Dirofilariasis
*[[Echinococcus granulosus]]
*[[Endometriosis]]
*[[Fibroma]]
*[[Foreign body]]
*[[Fungal infection]]
*[[Gastric cancer]]
*[[Granuloma]]
*[[Hamartoma]]
*[[Hamartomatosis]]
*[[Hemangioma]]
*[[Hematoma]]
*[[Histoplasmosis]]
*[[Hydatid cyst]]
*[[Hypernephroma]]
*[[Hystiocytosis X]]
*[[Immunological]]
*Local [[infarction]]
*[[Inflammatory]]
*[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung]]
*[[Lipoid pneumonia]]
*Localized [[scar]]
*Localized [[pleural effusion]]
*[[Lung abscess]]
*[[Lung]] cavity
*[[Lung]] [[Metastasis|metastases]]
*[[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Metastasis]]
*[[Mucus|Mucoid]] [[impaction]]
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
*[[Neurofibroma]]
*[[Neurogenic tumor]]
*[[Nocardiosis]]
*[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Parasitism|Parasite]] [[infection]]
*[[Pleural plaque]]
*[[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*Primary [[lung cancer]]
*[[Progressive massive fibrosis]]
*[[Prostate cancer]]
*[[Pulmonary abscess]]
*[[Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Pulmonary hamartoma]]
*[[Pulmonary infarction]]
*[[Lung|Pulmonary]] [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] pseudotumor
*[[Lung|Pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]]
*[[Pulmonary sequestration]]
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
*[[Rheumatoid disease]]
*[[Rheumatoid nodule]]
*[[Round pneumonia]]
*Rounded [[atelectasis]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Sarcoma]]
*[[Seminoma]]
*[[Pulmonary sequestration|Sequestration]]
*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Solitary]] [[metastasis]]
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]
*[[Thyroid cancer]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Varicose vein|Varicose]] [[pulmonary vein]]
*[[Vascular]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
}}
</div>
 
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
 
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]

Latest revision as of 14:50, 28 June 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Common causes of solitary pulmonary nodule include tuberculosis, primary lung cancer, granulomas, and rheumatic disease. Solitary pulmonary nodules can be life-threatening if they are malignant neoplasms, cardiopulmonary diseases and infection, requiring prompt diagnosis and differentiation from benign etiologies.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Common malignant causes of pulmonary nodule include:[1]

Common benign causes of pulmonary nodule include:[2]

Inflammatory

Immunological

Vascular

Miscellaneous

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Arteriovenous malformation, localized infarction, pulmonary arterio-venous malformation, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, varicose pulmonary vein, vascular
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Thyroid cancer
Environmental Black lung disease
Gastroenterologic Gastric cancer
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery, hemangioma, hematoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pulmonary hamartoma
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Adiaspiromycosis, Aspergilloma, Aspergillosis, berylliosis, Blastomycosis, bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchogenic cyst, Coccidioidomycosis, Cryptococcosis, Dirofilariasis, Echinococcus granulosus, endometriosis, fungal infection, histoplasmosis, hydatid cyst, Hystiocytosis X, lipoid pneumonia, lung abscess, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, nocardiosis, parasite infection, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, round pneumonia, tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Multiple myeloma
Neurologic Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery, arteriovenous malformation, neurofibroma, neurogenic tumor
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic Breast cancer
Oncologic Adenocarcinoma, blastoma, bronchial adenoma, cancers, carcinoid tumor, chondroma, fibroma, gastric cancer, granuloma, hamartoma, hamartomatosis, hemangioma, hypernephroma, large cell lung carcinoma, lung metastases, lymphoma, metastasis, multiple myeloma, neurofibroma, neurogenic tumor, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, primary lung cancer, prostate cancer, pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor, pulmonary sarcoma, pulmonary sequestration, sarcoma, seminoma, small cell lung cancer, solitary metastasis, squamous cell carcinoma, thyroid cancer
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Black lung disease, bronchial adenoma, bronchial atresia, bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchogenic cyst, Churg-Strauss syndrome, Hydatid cyst, lipoid pneumonia, localized scar, localized pleural effusion, lung abscess, lung cavity, lung metastases, mucoid impaction, non-small cell lung cancer, pleural plaque, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonia, primary lung cancer, pulmonary abscess, pulmonary arterio-venous malformation, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hamartoma, pulmonary infarction, pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor, pulmonary sarcoma, pulmonary sequestration, round pneumonia, rounded atelectasis, sarcoidosis, sequestration, small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, tuberculosis, varicose pulmonary vein, Wegener's granulomatosis
Renal/Electrolyte Hypernephroma
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Amyloidosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, fibroma, granuloma, immunological, progressive massive fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid disease, rheumatoid nodule, sarcoidosis, Wegener's granulomatosis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Foreign body, localized scar, lung cavity, rounded atelectasis
Urologic Prostate cancer
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

}}

References

  1. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002: 306-307 ISBN 1591032016
  2. ↑ Lillington GA (1991). "Management of solitary pulmonary nodules". Dis Mon. 37 (5): 271–318. PMID 2019220.

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