Hypothyroidism causes: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
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{{Hypothyroidism}}
{{Hypothyroidism}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{VP}} {{LRO}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
 
==Causes==
==Causes==
There are several distinct causes for chronic hypothyroidism.
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;">
===Common Causes===
Historically and, still, in many developing countries [[iodine deficiency]] is the most common cause of hypothyroidism world-wide. In present day developed countries, however, hypothyroidism is mostly caused by [[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]], or by a lack of the [[thyroid]] gland or a deficiency of hormones from either the hypothalamus or the pituitary.


===Less Common Causes===
The most common cause of hypothyroidism is thyroiditis. Swelling and inflammation damage the thyroid gland's cells.
*Hypothyroidism can result from postpartum [[thyroiditis]], a condition that affects about 5% of all women within a year after giving birth.  The first phase is typically hyperthyroidism. Then, the thyroid either returns to normal or a woman develops hypothyroidism.  Of those women who experience hypothyroidism associated with postpartum thyroiditis, one in five will develop permanent hypothyroidism requiring life-long treatment.  


*Hypothyroidism can also result from sporadic inheritance, sometimes [[autosome|autosomal]] recessive.
Causes of this problem include:
* The immune system attacking the thyroid gland
* Viral infections (common cold) or other respiratory infections
* Pregnancy (often called postpartum thyroiditis)
Other causes of hypothyroidism include:
* Certain medicines, such as lithium and amiodarone
* Congenital (birth) defects
* Radiation treatments to the neck or brain to treat different cancers
* Radioactive iodine used to treat an overactive thyroid gland
* Surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland
* Sheehan syndrome, a condition that may occur in a woman who bleeds severely during pregnancy or childbirth and causes the destruction of the pituitary gland
* Pituitary tumor or pituitary surgery


*Temporary hypothyroidism can be due to the [[Wolff-Chaikoff effect]].
===Life Threatening Causes===
*[[Aneurysm]]
*[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
*[[Craniopharyngioma]]
*[[Glioma]]
*[[Hypomelia ]]
*[[Meningioma]]
*[[Metastasis]]
*[[Neoplastic]]
*[[Pituitary adenoma]]
*[[Pituitary apoplexy]]
*[[Pituitary cancer ]]
*[[Syphilis]]
===Common Causes===
*[[Iodine deficiency]]
*[[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]]
*[[Thyroid hormone resistance ]]
*[[Thyroid stimulating hormone deficiency]]
*[[Trh deficiency]]
*[[Tsh deficiency]]


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===


{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | [[Alström syndrome]],  [[Aneurysm of the internal carotid artery]],  [[Neutral lipid storage disease ]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Iodine 131]],  [[Iodine antenatal infection ]] ,  [[Iron overload ]] ,  [[Isolated tsh deficiency]],  [[Lithium]],  [[Potassium iodide]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Dermatosclerosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Axitinib]], [[interferon alfacon-1]], [[Mitotane]], [[Nivolumab]], [[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]], [[Pembrolizumab]], [[Pergolide]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Tiagabine]], [[Tocilizumab]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Aminoglutethimide]],  [[Amiodarone]],  [[Antithyroid drugs]],  [[Atezolizumab]],  [[Axitinib]], [[Bexarotene]],  [[Bromide ]] ,  [[Carbimazole]],  [[Catch 22 ]] ,  [[Ed-in-sol]],  [[Ethionamide]],  [[Femiron]],  [[Feosol]],  [[Feostat]],  [[Feratab]],  [[Fer-gen-sol]],  [[Fergon]],  [[Fer-in-sol]],  [[Ferrex]],  [[Hytinic]],  [[Icar]],  [[Interferon alfacon-1]], [[Interferon alpha]],  [[Interferon-alfa]],  [[Interleukin-2]],  [[Ircon]],  [[Methimazole]],  [[Mitotane]], [[Nephro-fer]],  [[Niferex]],  [[Nivolumab]], [[Nu-iron]],  [[Oxcarbazepine]],  [[Para-amino salicylic acid]],  [[Peginterferon beta-1a]],  [[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]], [[Pembrolizumab]], [[Perchlorate]],  [[Pergolide]], [[Phenytoin and levothyroxine interaction]],  [[Pramipexole]], [[Propylthiouracil]],  [[Slow-fe]],  [[Sorafenib]],  [[Thionamides]],  [[Thyroid and cholestyramine interaction]],  [[Tiagabine]], [[Tocilizumab]],  [[Tositumomab iodine-131]],  [[Ttf-1]],  [[Ttf-2]],  [[Tyrosine kinase inhibitors]],  [[Vitron-c]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis syndrome ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Abnormal maternal iodine levels]],  [[Acth deficiency]],  [[Antithyroid drugs]],  [[Apeced syndrome]],  [[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3]],  [[Autoimmune thyroiditis]],  [[Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome]],  [[Central hypothyroidism]],  [[Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis]],  [[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 1 (pou1f1 gene)]],  [[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 2 (prop1 gene)]],  [[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 3 (lhx gene)]],  [[Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1a ]] ,  [[Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1h ]] ,  [[Congenital thyroid dysgenesis]],  [[Cretinism athyreotic ]] ,  [[De quervain thyroiditis]],  [[Deficiency of pit1]],  [[Dopamine]],  [[Empty sella]],  [[Escamilla-lisser syndrome ]] ,  [[Fibrous thyroiditis]],  [[Goiter ]] ,  [[Graves disease ]] ,  [[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]],  [[Hemochromatosis]],  [[Hyperthyroidism ]] ,  [[Hypoadrenocorticism ]] ,  [[Hypomelia ]] ,  [[Hypopituitarism]],  [[Hypothalamic dysfunction ]] ,  [[Hypothyroidism]],  [[Iodine deficiency]],  [[Iodine excess]],  [[Kaplowitz-bodurtha syndrome ]] ,  [[Lymphocytic hypophysitis]],  [[Lymphocytic thyroiditis]],  [[Lymphomatous thyroiditis ]] ,  [[Multiple endocrine abnormalities ]] ,  [[Panhypopituitarism]],  [[Peripheral thyroid gland disorder resistance]],  [[Pituitary adenoma]],  [[Pituitary apoplexy]],  [[Pituitary cancer ]] ,  [[Pituitary dwarfism type 3]],  [[Pituitary dysfunction ]] ,  [[Polyendocrinopathy]],  [[Polyglandular disorders]],  [[Postpartum thyroiditis ]] ,  [[Primary hypothyroidism]],  [[Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a]],  [[Rathke's cleft cyst]],  [[Reidel's thyroiditis]],  [[Resistance to thyroid hormone ]] ,  [[Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome ]] ,  [[Riedel syndrome ]] ,  [[Secondary hypothyroidism]],  [[Sheehan syndrome]],  [[Silent thyroiditis]],  [[Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis]],  [[Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis]],  [[Subacute thyroiditis]],  [[Subtotal thyroidectomy]],  [[Supprative thyroiditis]],  [[Thyreostatic therapy]],  [[Thyroid dysgenesis ]] ,  [[Thyroid dyshormonogenesis ]] ,  [[Thyroid ectopy]],  [[Thyroid hormone resistance ]] ,  [[Thyroid stimulating hormone deficiency]],  [[Thyroidectomy]],  [[Thyroiditis]],  [[Trh deficiency]],  [[Tsh deficiency]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Diarrhea]],  [[Enteropathy]],  [[Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase iii deficiency ]] ,  [[Abnormal maternal iodine levels]],  [[Acth deficiency]],  [[Alström syndrome]],  [[Bamforth syndrome ]] ,  [[Bangstad syndrome ]] ,  [[Cdg syndrome type 1a ]] ,  [[Chromosome 1, 1p36 deletion syndrome ]] ,  [[Chromosome 10, monosomy 10p ]] ,  [[Chromosome 10p deletion syndrome]],  [[Chromosome 12 ring syndrome ]] ,  [[Chromosome 15q duplication syndrome ]] ,  [[Chromosome 15q, trisomy ]] ,  [[Chromosome 2 trisomy syndrome ]] ,  [[Chromosome 6, trisomy 6q ]] ,  [[Chromosome 6q duplication syndrome ]] ,  [[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 1 (pou1f1 gene)]],  [[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 2 (prop1 gene)]],  [[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 3 (lhx gene)]],  [[Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1a ]] ,  [[Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1h ]] ,  [[Congenital thyroid dysgenesis]],  [[Cystinosis]],  [[Deficiency of pit1]],  [[Digeorge syndrome]],  [[Down syndrome]],  [[Emanuel syndrome]],  [[Ipex syndrome]],  [[Johanson-blizzard syndrome ]] ,  [[Kaplowitz-bodurtha syndrome ]] ,  [[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]],  [[Monosomy 1p36 ]] ,  [[Mutations ]] ,  [[Ohdo syndrome]],  [[Pax8]],  [[Pendred's syndrome ]] ,  [[Poems syndrome]],  [[Septo-optic dysplasia]],  [[Turner syndrome]],  [[Velocardiofacial syndrome ]] ,  [[Vilanova-canadeli syndrome ]] ,  [[Wolfram syndrome 2 ]] ,  [[Zadik barak levin syndrome ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Diabetes insipidus]],  [[Diabetes mellitus]],  [[Hemochromatosis]],  [[Hemocyte]],  [[Iodine deficiency]],  [[Iodine excess]],  [[Iron overload ]] ,  [[Isolated tsh deficiency]],  [[Maternal antibody]],  [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Iatrogenic]],  [[Neck radiotherapy]],  [[Neck surgery]],  [[Radiation therapy]],  [[Radioactive iodine therapy]],  [[Subtotal thyroidectomy]],  [[Supprative thyroiditis]],  [[Thyroidectomy]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Iodine antenatal infection ]] ,  [[Mycoses]],  [[Rathke's cleft cyst]],  [[Syphilis]],  [[Tuberculosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis syndrome ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Aneurysm of the internal carotid artery]],  [[Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome]],  [[Craniopharyngioma]],  [[Dopamine]],  [[Down syndrome]],  [[Microcephaly ]] ,  [[Microphthalmia syndromic]],  [[Neurosarcoidosis ]] ,  [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Diabetes insipidus]],  [[Diabetes mellitus]],  [[Diarrhea]],  [[Obesity ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Neonatal illness]],  [[Sheehan syndrome]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Craniopharyngioma]],  [[Glioma]],  [[Hypomelia ]] ,  [[Meningioma]],  [[Metastasis]],  [[Neoplastic]],  [[Pituitary adenoma]],  [[Pituitary apoplexy]],  [[Pituitary cancer ]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Tuberculosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Anti-tsh receptor antibodies]],  [[Apeced syndrome]],  [[Autoimmune disorders]],  [[Autoimmune enteropathy]],  [[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3]],  [[Autoimmune thyroiditis]],  [[Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis]],  [[Dermatosclerosis]],  [[Fibrous thyroiditis]],  [[Graves disease ]] ,  [[Immune dysregulation ]] ,  [[Kashin-bek disease ]] ,  [[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]],  [[Neurosarcoidosis ]] ,  [[Rheumatoid arthritis]],  [[Sarcoidosis]],  [[Scleroderma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Syphilis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Injury]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|}
|}


===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
* [[Amyloidosis]]
{{columns-list|
* Antithyroid drugs
*[[17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase iii deficiency ]]
* [[Cystinosis]]
*[[Abnormal maternal iodine levels]]
* [[Dermatosclerosis]]
*[[Acth deficiency]]
* [[Drugs]] such as [[Oxcarbazepine]],[[Peginterferon Beta-1a]]
*[[Alström syndrome]]
* [[Hashimoto's Thyroiditis]]
*[[Aminoglutethimide]]
* Head and neck surgery
*[[Amiodarone]]
* [[Hemochromatosis]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
* Iodine deficiency
*[[Aneurysm of the internal carotid artery]]
* [[Neoplastic]]
*[[Antithyroid drugs]]
* Peripheral thyroid gland disorder resistance
*[[Anti-tsh receptor antibodies]]
*[[Apeced syndrome]]
*[[Atezolizumab]]
*[[Autoimmune disorders]]
*[[Autoimmune enteropathy]]
*[[Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3]]
*[[Autoimmune thyroiditis]]
*[[Axitinib]]
*[[Bamforth syndrome ]]
*[[Bangstad syndrome ]]
*[[Bexarotene]]
*[[Bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis syndrome ]]
*[[Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome]]
*[[Bromide ]]
*[[Carbimazole]]
*[[Catch 22 ]]
*[[Cdg syndrome type 1a ]]
*[[Central hypothyroidism]]
*[[Chromosome 1, 1p36 deletion syndrome ]]
*[[Chromosome 10, monosomy 10p ]]
*[[Chromosome 10p deletion syndrome]]
*[[Chromosome 12 ring syndrome ]]
*[[Chromosome 15q duplication syndrome ]]
*[[Chromosome 15q, trisomy ]]
*[[Chromosome 2 trisomy syndrome ]]
*[[Chromosome 6, trisomy 6q ]]
*[[Chromosome 6q duplication syndrome ]]
*[[Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis]]
*[[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 1 (pou1f1 gene)]]
*[[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 2 (prop1 gene)]]
*[[Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 3 (lhx gene)]]
*[[Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1a ]]
*[[Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1h ]]
*[[Congenital thyroid dysgenesis]]
*[[Craniopharyngioma]]
*[[Cretinism athyreotic ]]
*[[Cystinosis]]
*[[De quervain thyroiditis]]
*[[Deficiency of pit1]]
*[[Dermatosclerosis]]
*[[Diabetes insipidus]]
*[[Diabetes mellitus]]
*[[Diarrhea]]
*[[Digeorge syndrome]]
*[[Dopamine]]
*[[Down syndrome]]
*[[Ed-in-sol]]
*[[Emanuel syndrome]]
*[[Empty sella]]
*[[Enteropathy]]
*[[Escamilla-lisser syndrome ]]
*[[Ethionamide]]
*[[Femiron]]
*[[Feosol]]
*[[Feostat]]
*[[Feratab]]
*[[Fer-gen-sol]]
*[[Fergon]]
*[[Fer-in-sol]]
*[[Ferrex]]
*[[Fibrous thyroiditis]]
*[[Glioma]]
*[[Goiter ]]
*[[Graves disease ]]
*[[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]]
*[[Hemochromatosis]]
*[[Hemocyte]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism ]]
*[[Hypoadrenocorticism ]]
*[[Hypomelia ]]
*[[Hypopituitarism]]
*[[Hypothalamic dysfunction ]]
*[[Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Hytinic]]
*[[Iatrogenic]]
*[[Icar]]
*[[Immune dysregulation ]]
*[[Injury]]
*[[Interferon alfacon-1]]
*[[Interferon alpha]]
*[[Interferon-alfa]]
*[[Interleukin-2]]
*[[Iodine 131]]
*[[Iodine antenatal infection ]]
*[[Iodine deficiency]]
*[[Iodine excess]]
*[[Ipex syndrome]]
*[[Ircon]]
*[[Iron overload ]]
*[[Isolated tsh deficiency]]
*[[Johanson-blizzard syndrome ]]
*[[Kaplowitz-bodurtha syndrome ]]
*[[Kashin-bek disease ]]
*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]]
*[[Lithium]]
*[[Lymphocytic hypophysitis]]
*[[Lymphocytic thyroiditis]]
*[[Lymphomatous thyroiditis ]]
*[[Maternal antibody]]
*[[Meningioma]]
*[[Metastasis]]
*[[Methimazole]]
*[[Microcephaly ]]
*[[Microphthalmia syndromic]]
*[[Mitotane]]
*[[Monosomy 1p36 ]]
*[[Multiple endocrine abnormalities ]]
*[[Mutations ]]
*[[Mycoses]]
*[[Neck radiotherapy]]
*[[Neck surgery]]
*[[Neonatal illness]]
*[[Neoplastic]]
*[[Nephro-fer]]
*[[Neurosarcoidosis ]]
*[[Neutral lipid storage disease ]]
*[[Niferex]]
*[[Nivolumab]]
*[[Nu-iron]]
*[[Obesity ]]
*[[Ohdo syndrome]]
*[[Oxcarbazepine]]
*[[Panhypopituitarism]]
*[[Para-amino salicylic acid]]
*[[Pax8]]
*[[Peginterferon beta-1a]]
*[[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]]
*[[Pembrolizumab]]
*[[Pendred's syndrome ]]
*[[Perchlorate]]
*[[Pergolide]]
*[[Pergolide]]
* [[Radiation]] therapy to head neck or chest area
*[[Peripheral thyroid gland disorder resistance]]
* Radioactive iodine therapy
*[[Phenytoin and levothyroxine interaction]]
* [[Reidel's Thyroiditis]]
*[[Pituitary adenoma]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]], granulomatous disease
*[[Pituitary apoplexy]]
* [[Scleroderma]]
*[[Pituitary cancer ]]
* Secondary hypothyroidism
*[[Pituitary dwarfism type 3]]
* Silent [[thyroiditis]]
*[[Pituitary dysfunction ]]
* Subacute [[thyroiditis]]
*[[Poems syndrome]]
* Subtotal thyroidectomy
*[[Polyendocrinopathy]]
* Supprative [[thyroiditis]]
*[[Polyglandular disorders]]
* Thyreostatic therapy
*[[Postpartum thyroiditis ]]
* Thyroid agenesis, dysgenesis, ectopy
*[[Potassium iodide]]
*[[Pramipexole]]
*[[Previous grave's disease]]
*[[Primary hypothyroidism]]
*[[Propylthiouracil]]
*[[Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a]]
*[[Radiation therapy]]
*[[Radioactive iodine therapy]]
*[[Rathke's cleft cyst]]
*[[Reidel's thyroiditis]]
*[[Resistance to thyroid hormone ]]
*[[Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome ]]
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
*[[Riedel syndrome ]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Scleroderma]]
*[[Secondary hypothyroidism]]
*[[Septo-optic dysplasia]]
*[[Sheehan syndrome]]
*[[Silent thyroiditis]]
*[[Slow-fe]]
*[[Sorafenib]]
*[[Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis]]
*[[Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis]]
*[[Subacute thyroiditis]]
*[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
*[[Subtotal thyroidectomy]]
*[[Supprative thyroiditis]]
*[[Syphilis]]
*[[Thionamides]]
*[[Thyreostatic therapy]]
*[[Thyroid and cholestyramine interaction]]
*[[Thyroid dysgenesis ]]
*[[Thyroid dyshormonogenesis ]]
*[[Thyroid ectopy]]
*[[Thyroid hormone resistance ]]
*[[Thyroid stimulating hormone deficiency]]
*[[Thyroidectomy]]
*[[Thyroiditis]]
*[[Tiagabine]]
*[[Tiagabine]]
* [[TSH]] (thyroid stimulating hormone) deficiency
*[[Tocilizumab]]
 
*[[Tositumomab iodine-131]]
 
*[[Trh deficiency]]
*[[Tsh deficiency]]
*[[Ttf-1]]
*[[Ttf-2]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Turner syndrome]]
*[[Tyrosine kinase inhibitors]]
*[[Velocardiofacial syndrome ]]
*[[Vilanova-canadeli syndrome ]]
*[[Vitron-c]]
*[[Wolfram syndrome 2 ]]
*[[Zadik barak levin syndrome ]]
}}
</div>
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 21:22, 10 January 2020

Hypothyroidism Main page

Patient Information

Overview

Classification

Primary hypothyroidism
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Secondary hypothyroidism
Tertiary hypothyroidism

Differentiating different causes of hypothyroidism

Screening

Diagnosis

History and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vignesh Ponnusamy, M.B.B.S. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Causes

The most common cause of hypothyroidism is thyroiditis. Swelling and inflammation damage the thyroid gland's cells.

Causes of this problem include:

  • The immune system attacking the thyroid gland
  • Viral infections (common cold) or other respiratory infections
  • Pregnancy (often called postpartum thyroiditis)

Other causes of hypothyroidism include:

  • Certain medicines, such as lithium and amiodarone
  • Congenital (birth) defects
  • Radiation treatments to the neck or brain to treat different cancers
  • Radioactive iodine used to treat an overactive thyroid gland
  • Surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland
  • Sheehan syndrome, a condition that may occur in a woman who bleeds severely during pregnancy or childbirth and causes the destruction of the pituitary gland
  • Pituitary tumor or pituitary surgery

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes


Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Alström syndrome, Aneurysm of the internal carotid artery, Neutral lipid storage disease
Chemical/Poisoning Iodine 131, Iodine antenatal infection  , Iron overload , Isolated tsh deficiency, Lithium, Potassium iodide
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Dermatosclerosis
Drug Side Effect Aminoglutethimide, Amiodarone, Antithyroid drugs, Atezolizumab, Axitinib, Bexarotene, Bromide  , Carbimazole, Catch 22  , Ed-in-sol, Ethionamide, Femiron, Feosol, Feostat, Feratab, Fer-gen-sol, Fergon, Fer-in-sol, Ferrex, Hytinic, Icar, Interferon alfacon-1, Interferon alpha, Interferon-alfa, Interleukin-2, Ircon, Methimazole, Mitotane, Nephro-fer, Niferex, Nivolumab, Nu-iron, Oxcarbazepine, Para-amino salicylic acid, Peginterferon beta-1a, Pegylated interferon alfa-2b, Pembrolizumab, Perchlorate, Pergolide, Phenytoin and levothyroxine interaction, Pramipexole, Propylthiouracil, Slow-fe, Sorafenib, Thionamides, Thyroid and cholestyramine interaction, Tiagabine, Tocilizumab, Tositumomab iodine-131, Ttf-1, Ttf-2, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Vitron-c
Ear Nose Throat Bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis syndrome 
Endocrine Abnormal maternal iodine levels, Acth deficiency, Antithyroid drugs, Apeced syndrome, Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3, Autoimmune thyroiditis, Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome, Central hypothyroidism, Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 1 (pou1f1 gene), Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 2 (prop1 gene), Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 3 (lhx gene), Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1a  , Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1h  , Congenital thyroid dysgenesis, Cretinism athyreotic  , De quervain thyroiditis, Deficiency of pit1, Dopamine, Empty sella, Escamilla-lisser syndrome  , Fibrous thyroiditis, Goiter , Graves disease  , Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Hemochromatosis, Hyperthyroidism  , Hypoadrenocorticism , Hypomelia , Hypopituitarism, Hypothalamic dysfunction  , Hypothyroidism, Iodine deficiency, Iodine excess, Kaplowitz-bodurtha syndrome  , Lymphocytic hypophysitis, Lymphocytic thyroiditis, Lymphomatous thyroiditis  , Multiple endocrine abnormalities , Panhypopituitarism, Peripheral thyroid gland disorder resistance, Pituitary adenoma, Pituitary apoplexy, Pituitary cancer  , Pituitary dwarfism type 3, Pituitary dysfunction , Polyendocrinopathy, Polyglandular disorders, Postpartum thyroiditis  , Primary hypothyroidism, Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a, Rathke's cleft cyst, Reidel's thyroiditis, Resistance to thyroid hormone  , Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome  , Riedel syndrome  , Secondary hypothyroidism, Sheehan syndrome, Silent thyroiditis, Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis, Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis, Subacute thyroiditis, Subtotal thyroidectomy, Supprative thyroiditis, Thyreostatic therapy, Thyroid dysgenesis  , Thyroid dyshormonogenesis  , Thyroid ectopy, Thyroid hormone resistance  , Thyroid stimulating hormone deficiency, Thyroidectomy, Thyroiditis, Trh deficiency, Tsh deficiency
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Diarrhea, Enteropathy, Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome 
Genetic 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase iii deficiency  , Abnormal maternal iodine levels, Acth deficiency, Alström syndrome, Bamforth syndrome  , Bangstad syndrome  , Cdg syndrome type 1a  , Chromosome 1, 1p36 deletion syndrome  , Chromosome 10, monosomy 10p  , Chromosome 10p deletion syndrome, Chromosome 12 ring syndrome  , Chromosome 15q duplication syndrome  , Chromosome 15q, trisomy  , Chromosome 2 trisomy syndrome  , Chromosome 6, trisomy 6q  , Chromosome 6q duplication syndrome  , Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 1 (pou1f1 gene), Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 2 (prop1 gene), Combined pituitary hormone deficiency 3 (lhx gene), Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1a  , Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1h  , Congenital thyroid dysgenesis, Cystinosis, Deficiency of pit1, Digeorge syndrome, Down syndrome, Emanuel syndrome, Ipex syndrome, Johanson-blizzard syndrome  , Kaplowitz-bodurtha syndrome  , Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Monosomy 1p36  , Mutations , Ohdo syndrome, Pax8, Pendred's syndrome  , Poems syndrome, Septo-optic dysplasia, Turner syndrome, Velocardiofacial syndrome  , Vilanova-canadeli syndrome  , Wolfram syndrome 2  , Zadik barak levin syndrome 
Hematologic Diabetes insipidus, Diabetes mellitus, Hemochromatosis, Hemocyte, Iodine deficiency, Iodine excess, Iron overload , Isolated tsh deficiency, Maternal antibody, Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Iatrogenic Iatrogenic, Neck radiotherapy, Neck surgery, Radiation therapy, Radioactive iodine therapy, Subtotal thyroidectomy, Supprative thyroiditis, Thyroidectomy
Infectious Disease Iodine antenatal infection  , Mycoses, Rathke's cleft cyst, Syphilis, Tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis syndrome 
Neurologic Aneurysm of the internal carotid artery, Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome, Craniopharyngioma, Dopamine, Down syndrome, Microcephaly , Microphthalmia syndromic, Neurosarcoidosis  , Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Nutritional/Metabolic Diabetes insipidus, Diabetes mellitus, Diarrhea, Obesity
Obstetric/Gynecologic Neonatal illness, Sheehan syndrome
Oncologic Craniopharyngioma, Glioma, Hypomelia , Meningioma, Metastasis, Neoplastic, Pituitary adenoma, Pituitary apoplexy, Pituitary cancer 
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Amyloidosis, Tuberculosis
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Amyloidosis, Anti-tsh receptor antibodies, Apeced syndrome, Autoimmune disorders, Autoimmune enteropathy, Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 3, Autoimmune thyroiditis, Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, Dermatosclerosis, Fibrous thyroiditis, Graves disease  , Immune dysregulation , Kashin-bek disease  , Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Neurosarcoidosis  , Rheumatoid arthritis, Sarcoidosis, Scleroderma
Sexual Syphilis
Trauma Injury
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

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