Acute respiratory distress syndrome physical examination: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Acute respiratory distress syndrome}} | {{Acute respiratory distress syndrome}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{BShaller}} {{AMA}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
There are no | There are no [[pathognomonic]] physical exam findings of ARDS. The most notable physical exam findings include [[respiratory distress]] as well as findings indicative of the underlying illness, [[injury]], [[shock]], and [[end organ damage]]. | ||
The | ==Physical Examination== | ||
The physical exam findings of a patient with ARDS vary according to the underlying cause and typically develop within 24 to 48 hours of the precipitating [[illness]] or [[injury]] and progress over the course of 1 to 2 weeks. Common physical findings include: | |||
== | ===Vital Signs=== | ||
The presence of the following signs of [[shock]] or [[infection]] on physical examination are highly suggestive of ARDS: | The presence of the following signs of [[shock]] or [[infection]] on physical examination are highly suggestive of ARDS: | ||
*[[Temperature|'''Temperature (Temp, T)''']]: [[Hyperpyrexia]] ≥ 38°C or 100.4°F) or low temperature < 36°C or 96.8°F | *[[Temperature|'''Temperature (Temp, T)''']]: [[Hyperpyrexia]] ≥ 38°C or 100.4°F) or low temperature < 36°C or 96.8°F | ||
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*'''Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>)''': low (< 90% on ambient air or a [[FiO2|fraction of inspired oxygen, (FIO<sub>2</sub>)]] of 21% at [[sea level]]) | *'''Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>)''': low (< 90% on ambient air or a [[FiO2|fraction of inspired oxygen, (FIO<sub>2</sub>)]] of 21% at [[sea level]]) | ||
=== | ===Skin=== | ||
* [[Cyanosis]] due to poor [[oxygenation]] | |||
*[[ | * [[Pallor]] due to poor [[perfusion]] | ||
*[[ | |||
===Lungs=== | |||
*[[Tachypnea]]<ref name="pmidPMID: 28613773">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2020 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=PMID: 28613773 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | |||
*[[Dyspnea]] | |||
*Coarse [[breath sounds]], [[rhonchi]], [[crackles]], or decreased [[breath sounds]] | |||
===Heart=== | |||
*[[Tachycardia]] or [[bradycardia]] on heart [[auscultation]] | *[[Tachycardia]] or [[bradycardia]] on heart [[auscultation]] | ||
* | |||
===Extremities=== | |||
*[[Cyanosis]] | |||
*Cool [[extremities]] or reduced [[Pulse|peripheral pulses]] due to poor [[perfusion]] | *Cool [[extremities]] or reduced [[Pulse|peripheral pulses]] due to poor [[perfusion]] | ||
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[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:21, 14 October 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Brian Shaller, M.D. [2] Abiodun Akanmode,M.D.[3]
Overview
There are no pathognomonic physical exam findings of ARDS. The most notable physical exam findings include respiratory distress as well as findings indicative of the underlying illness, injury, shock, and end organ damage.
Physical Examination
The physical exam findings of a patient with ARDS vary according to the underlying cause and typically develop within 24 to 48 hours of the precipitating illness or injury and progress over the course of 1 to 2 weeks. Common physical findings include:
Vital Signs
The presence of the following signs of shock or infection on physical examination are highly suggestive of ARDS:
- Temperature (Temp, T): Hyperpyrexia ≥ 38°C or 100.4°F) or low temperature < 36°C or 96.8°F
- Blood pressure (BP): inappropriately low, with a low mean arterial pressure (MAP)
- Heart rate (HR): rapid (tachycardia > 100 beats/minute), normal, or slow (bradycardia < 60 beats/minute)
- Respiratory rate (RR): Tachypnea > 20 breaths/minute or bradypnea < 12 breaths/minute
- Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2): low (< 90% on ambient air or a fraction of inspired oxygen, (FIO2) of 21% at sea level)
Skin
- Cyanosis due to poor oxygenation
- Pallor due to poor perfusion
Lungs
- Tachypnea[1]
- Dyspnea
- Coarse breath sounds, rhonchi, crackles, or decreased breath sounds
Heart
- Tachycardia or bradycardia on heart auscultation
Extremities
- Cyanosis
- Cool extremities or reduced peripheral pulses due to poor perfusion
References
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 28613773 PMID: 28613773 Check
|pmid=value (help).