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| __NOTOC__ | | __NOTOC__ |
| {{Infobox_Disease |
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| Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
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| Image = |
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| Caption = |
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| DiseasesDB = 8193 |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|M|31|7|m|30}} |
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| ICD9 = |
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| ICDO = |
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| OMIM = |
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| MedlinePlus = |
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| MeshID = |
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| }}
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| {{Microscopic polyangiitis}} | | {{Microscopic polyangiitis}} |
| {{CMG}}{{APM}}{{AE}}{{KW}}{{CZ}} | | |
| | {{CMG}} ; {{AE}} {{VKG}}{{Vbe}} |
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| {{SK}} MPA | | {{SK}} MPA |
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| ==[[Microscopic polyangiitis overview|Overview]]== | | ==[[Microscopic polyangiitis overview|Overview]]== |
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| {{WH}} | | {{WH}} |
| {{WS}} | | {{WS}} |
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) ''' is an ill-defined [[autoimmune disease]] characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel [[vasculitis]] without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous [[inflammation]]. Because many different organ systems may be involved, a wide range of symptoms are possible in MPA.
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| ==Historical Perspective==
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| *[Disease name] was first discovered by [scientist name], a [nationality + occupation], in [year] during/following [event].
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| *In [year], [gene] mutations were first identified in the pathogenesis of [disease name].
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| *In [year], the first [discovery] was developed by [scientist] to treat/diagnose [disease name].
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| ==Classification==
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| *[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups:
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| :*[group1]
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| :*[group2]
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| :*[group3]
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| *Other variants of [disease name] include [disease subtype 1], [disease subtype 2], and [disease subtype 3].
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| ==Pathophysiology==
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| *The pathogenesis of [disease name] is characterized by [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3].
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| *The [gene name] gene/Mutation in [gene name] has been associated with the development of [disease name], involving the [molecular pathway] pathway.
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| *On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
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| *On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
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| ==Cause==
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| This condition, the clinical picture of which may include many features of systemic lupus erythematosis, has been reported to have been caused by [[antibiotics]] and also by certain [[infection]]s, though, as with many autoimmune diseases, the causes remain to a large extent unknown.
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| ==Differentiating [disease name] from other Diseases==
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| *[Disease name] must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as:
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| :*[Differential dx1]
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| :*[Differential dx2]
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| :*[Differential dx3]
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| ==Epidemiology and Demographics==
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| * The prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number or range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
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| * In [year], the incidence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number or range] cases per 100,000 individuals in [location].
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| ===Age===
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| *Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
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| *[Disease name] is more commonly observed among patients aged [age range] years old.
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| *[Disease name] is more commonly observed among [elderly patients/young patients/children].
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| ===Gender===
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| *[Disease name] affects men and women equally.
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| *[Gender 1] are more commonly affected with [disease name] than [gender 2].
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| * The [gender 1] to [Gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
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| ===Race===
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| *There is no racial predilection for [disease name].
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| *[Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race.
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| *[Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
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| ==Risk Factors==
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| *Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] are [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
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| == Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
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| *The majority of patients with [disease name] remain asymptomatic for [duration/years].
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| *Early clinical features include [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
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| *If left untreated, [#%] of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
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| *Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].
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| *Prognosis is generally [excellent/good/poor], and the [1/5/10year mortality/survival rate] of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#%].
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| ==Diagnosis==
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| ===Diagnostic criteria===
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| ===History and Symptoms===
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| ===Physical examination===
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| ===Laboratory findings===
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| Laboratory tests show an increased sedimentation rate, reduced red blood count, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) directed against [MPO(a constituent of [[neutrophil]] granules), and [[protein]] and red blood cells in the [[urine]].
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| The test for [[anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody]] (GBM), which is positive in [[Goodpasture's syndrome]], is negative.
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| ===Imaging Findings===
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| *There are no [imaging study] findings associated with [disease name].
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| *[Imaging study 1] is the imaging modality of choice for [disease name].
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| *On [imaging study 1], [disease name] is characterized by [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
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| *[Imaging study 2] may demonstrate [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
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| === Other Diagnostic Studies ===
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| *[Disease name] may also be diagnosed using [diagnostic study name].
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| *Findings on [diagnostic study name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
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| ==Treatment==
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| ===Medical Therapy===
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| The customary treatment involves long term dosage of [[prednisone]], alternated or combined with [[cytotoxic]] drugs, such as [[cyclophosphamide]] or [[azathioprine]]. [[Plasmapheresis]] may also be indicated in the acute setting to remove ANCA antibodies.
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| ===Surgery===
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| ===Prevention===
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
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| ==Related Chapters== | | ==Related Chapters== |
| * [[ANCA-associated vasculitides]] | | * [[ANCA-associated vasculitides]] |
| *[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | | * [[Polyarteritis nodosa]] |
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| {{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}} | | {{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}} |