Peritonitis definition: Difference between revisions

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{{Peritonitis}}
{{Peritonitis}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{SCh}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{SCh}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of the peritoneum (a serosal membrane which lines the inner wall of the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs) ''from any cause''.
== Definition ==
== Definition ==
Peritonitis defined as the inflammation of the peritoneum from any cause which lines abdominal cavity and the internal organs as a serosal  membrane. Contrast to peritonitis, Intrabdominal infection is defined as the inflammation of peritoneum due to infectious cause.  
Peritonitis is defined as [[inflammation]] of the [[peritoneum]] (a tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs) ''from any cause.<ref name="pmid8678610">Wittmann DH, Schein M, Condon RE (1996) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8678610 Management of secondary peritonitis.] ''Ann Surg'' 224 (1):10-8. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/8678610 8678610]</ref> Contrast to peritonitis, Intrabdominal infection is defined as the inflammation of peritoneum due to infectious cause.<ref name="pmid8678610">Wittmann DH, Schein M, Condon RE (1996) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8678610 Management of secondary peritonitis.] ''Ann Surg'' 224 (1):10-8. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/8678610 8678610]</ref>


=== Primary or Spontaneous Peritonitis ===
{| class="wikitable"
Primary peritonitis is defined as the infection of the peritoneal cavity which is spontaneous and often associated with liver disease and ascites. It is also known as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.<ref name="pmid22147550">Wiest R, Krag A, Gerbes A (2012) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22147550 Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent guidelines and beyond.] ''Gut'' 61 (2):297-310. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300779 DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300779] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/22147550 22147550]</ref> Primary peritonitis lacks an identifiable anatomical derangement.<ref name="pmid24812458">Mishra SP, Tiwary SK, Mishra M, Gupta SK (2014) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24812458 An introduction of Tertiary Peritonitis.] ''J Emerg Trauma Shock'' 7 (2):121-3. [http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2700.130883 DOI:10.4103/0974-2700.130883] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/24812458 24812458]</ref>
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=== Secondary Peritonitis ===
! style = "width: 33%;" |  '''Primary or Spontaneous Peritonitis'''
Secondary peritonitis is defined as the infection of the peritoneum due to spillage of organisms into the peritoneal cavity resulting from hollow viscus perforation, anastomotic leak, ischemic necrosis, or other injuries of the gastrointestinal tract.<ref name="pmid16003060">Calandra T, Cohen J, International Sepsis Forum Definition of Infection in the ICU Consensus Conference (2005) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16003060 The international sepsis forum consensus conference on definitions of infection in the intensive care unit.] ''Crit Care Med'' 33 (7):1538-48. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/16003060 16003060]</ref>
! style = "width: 34%;" |  '''Secondary Peritonitis'''
=== Tertiary Peritonitis ===
! style = "width: 33%;" |  '''Tertiary Peritonitis'''
Tertiary peritonitis is defined as the persistant or recurrent intra-abdominal infection that occur in ≥48 hours following the successful and adequate surgical source control of primary or secondary peritonitis.<ref name="pmid16003060">Calandra T, Cohen J, International Sepsis Forum Definition of Infection in the ICU Consensus Conference (2005) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16003060 The international sepsis forum consensus conference on definitions of infection in the intensive care unit.] ''Crit Care Med'' 33 (7):1538-48. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/16003060 16003060]</ref><ref name="pmid12593701">Evans HL, Raymond DP, Pelletier SJ, Crabtree TD, Pruett TL, Sawyer RG (2001) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12593701 Tertiary peritonitis (recurrent diffuse or localized disease) is not an independent predictor of mortality in surgical patients with intraabdominal infection.] ''Surg Infect (Larchmt)'' 2 (4):255-63; discussion 264-5. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/10962960152813296 DOI:10.1089/10962960152813296] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/12593701 12593701]</ref><ref name="pmid9451931">Nathens AB, Rotstein OD, Marshall JC (1998) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9451931 Tertiary peritonitis: clinical features of a complex nosocomial infection.] ''World J Surg'' 22 (2):158-63. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/9451931 9451931]</ref>
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* Primary peritonitis/ spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) represents a group of diseases with different causes characterized by ascitic fluid infection of the peritoneal cavity without an evident surgically treatable intra-abdominal source of infection. It is usually associated with cirrhosis and ascites in adults.<ref name="pmid22147550">Wiest R, Krag A, Gerbes A (2012) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22147550 Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent guidelines and beyond.] ''Gut'' 61 (2):297-310. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300779 DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300779] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/22147550 22147550]</ref> Primary peritonitis lacks an identifiable anatomical derangement.<ref name="pmid24812458">Mishra SP, Tiwary SK, Mishra M, Gupta SK (2014) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24812458 An introduction of Tertiary Peritonitis.] ''J Emerg Trauma Shock'' 7 (2):121-3. [http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2700.130883 DOI:10.4103/0974-2700.130883] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/24812458 24812458]</ref>
| valign = top |
* Secondary peritonitis is defined as the infection of the peritoneum due to spillage of organisms into the peritoneal cavity resulting from hollow viscus perforation, anastomotic leak, ischemic necrosis, or other injuries of the gastrointestinal tract.<ref name="pmid16003060">Calandra T, Cohen J, International Sepsis Forum Definition of Infection in the ICU Consensus Conference (2005) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16003060 The international sepsis forum consensus conference on definitions of infection in the intensive care unit.] ''Crit Care Med'' 33 (7):1538-48. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/16003060 16003060]</ref>
| valign = top |
* Tertiary peritonitis is defined as the persistant or recurrent intra-abdominal infection that occur in ≥48 hours following the successful and adequate surgical source control of primary or secondary peritonitis.<ref name="pmid16003060">Calandra T, Cohen J, International Sepsis Forum Definition of Infection in the ICU Consensus Conference (2005) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16003060 The international sepsis forum consensus conference on definitions of infection in the intensive care unit.] ''Crit Care Med'' 33 (7):1538-48. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/16003060 16003060]</ref><ref name="pmid12593701">Evans HL, Raymond DP, Pelletier SJ, Crabtree TD, Pruett TL, Sawyer RG (2001) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12593701 Tertiary peritonitis (recurrent diffuse or localized disease) is not an independent predictor of mortality in surgical patients with intraabdominal infection.] ''Surg Infect (Larchmt)'' 2 (4):255-63; discussion 264-5. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/10962960152813296 DOI:10.1089/10962960152813296] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/12593701 12593701]</ref><ref name="pmid9451931">Nathens AB, Rotstein OD, Marshall JC (1998) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9451931 Tertiary peritonitis: clinical features of a complex nosocomial infection.] ''World J Surg'' 22 (2):158-63. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/9451931 9451931]</ref>
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}


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Latest revision as of 19:16, 10 January 2017

Peritonitis Main Page

Patient Information

Overview

Causes

Classification

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Secondary Peritonitis

Differential Diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shivani Chaparala M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of the peritoneum (a serosal membrane which lines the inner wall of the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs) from any cause.

Definition

Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of the peritoneum (a tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs) from any cause.[1] Contrast to peritonitis, Intrabdominal infection is defined as the inflammation of peritoneum due to infectious cause.[1]

Primary or Spontaneous Peritonitis Secondary Peritonitis Tertiary Peritonitis
  • Primary peritonitis/ spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) represents a group of diseases with different causes characterized by ascitic fluid infection of the peritoneal cavity without an evident surgically treatable intra-abdominal source of infection. It is usually associated with cirrhosis and ascites in adults.[2] Primary peritonitis lacks an identifiable anatomical derangement.[3]
  • Secondary peritonitis is defined as the infection of the peritoneum due to spillage of organisms into the peritoneal cavity resulting from hollow viscus perforation, anastomotic leak, ischemic necrosis, or other injuries of the gastrointestinal tract.[4]
  • Tertiary peritonitis is defined as the persistant or recurrent intra-abdominal infection that occur in ≥48 hours following the successful and adequate surgical source control of primary or secondary peritonitis.[4][5][6]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wittmann DH, Schein M, Condon RE (1996) Management of secondary peritonitis. Ann Surg 224 (1):10-8. PMID: 8678610
  2. ↑ Wiest R, Krag A, Gerbes A (2012) Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent guidelines and beyond. Gut 61 (2):297-310. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300779 PMID: 22147550
  3. ↑ Mishra SP, Tiwary SK, Mishra M, Gupta SK (2014) An introduction of Tertiary Peritonitis. J Emerg Trauma Shock 7 (2):121-3. DOI:10.4103/0974-2700.130883 PMID: 24812458
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Calandra T, Cohen J, International Sepsis Forum Definition of Infection in the ICU Consensus Conference (2005) The international sepsis forum consensus conference on definitions of infection in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 33 (7):1538-48. PMID: 16003060
  5. ↑ Evans HL, Raymond DP, Pelletier SJ, Crabtree TD, Pruett TL, Sawyer RG (2001) Tertiary peritonitis (recurrent diffuse or localized disease) is not an independent predictor of mortality in surgical patients with intraabdominal infection. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2 (4):255-63; discussion 264-5. DOI:10.1089/10962960152813296 PMID: 12593701
  6. ↑ Nathens AB, Rotstein OD, Marshall JC (1998) Tertiary peritonitis: clinical features of a complex nosocomial infection. World J Surg 22 (2):158-63. PMID: 9451931


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